Ezincane Umshini we-CNC Router Izici Ezibalulekile: Ukuqina Kozimele, Indawo Yokusebenzela, I-Spindle, kanye nesilawuli

Irutha ehlangene ye-CNC ingabukeka ihlaba umxhwele eshidini lemininingwane. Nokho, izinombolo ezihlaba umxhwele azikhiqizi njalo ukusikeka okuhlanzekile.

Ukuqina kozimele, indawo yokusebenza, ukusebenza kwe-spindle, nokuhambisana kwesilawuli kunquma inani langempela lomshini. Zithonya ukunemba, ukuphela kwendawo, isivinini sokusebenza, nezinketho zephrojekthi zesikhathi esizayo.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi ungasihlola kanjani isici ngasinye. Uzofunda ukuthi yini ebalulekile ngokhuni, i-acrylic, ipulasitiki, i-PCB, kanye nemishini yensimbi ethambile.

Chaza Izimfuneko Zakho Ezincane Umshini we-CNC Router kuqala

Encane Umshini we-CNC Router ilandela izindlela zamathuluzi ezihleliwe ukuze iqophe, isike, ibhoboze, futhi igaye izinto ezihlukile. I-compact footprint yayo ifanela ama-workshops asekhaya, amalabhorethri, izikole, izitudiyo ze-prototyping, namabhizinisi amancane okukhiqiza.

Ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa imishini, bhala izingxenye olindele ukuzikhiqiza. Qopha ubukhulu bazo, izinto zokwakha, ukujiya, ukubekezelela, kanye nevolumu yanyanga zonke elindelekile. Le mininingwane idala isisekelo esiwusizo saso sonke isinqumo sakamuva.

Okuqukethwe kuthinta kakhulu ukucushwa komshini odingekayo. Igwebu ne-softwood zibeka imithwalo elinganiselwe yokusika ohlakeni. Ukhuni oluqinile, amapulasitiki obunjiniyela, ne-aluminium kudinga ukuqina okwengeziwe, ukunyakaza okulawulwayo, namandla afanelekile okuphotha.

Indawo yokusebenza nayo ibalulekile. Kala ibhentshi, izindonga eziseduze, iminyango, nendawo yokulayisha. Bandakanya igumbi lekhompuyutha, into eqoqwa uthuli, okokusebenza kokupholisa, amathuluzi, nendawo yokugcina izinto.

Okubanzi Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokuthenga Umzila Wezohwebo we-CNC - I-CNC World isekela indlela efanayo yokufaka isicelo-yokuqala. Usayizi wezinto ezibonakalayo, umthwalo womsebenzi, isofthiwe, amathuluzi, usekelo, nendawo etholakalayo kufanele iqondise ukuthengwa.

I-Huajiang yaqala ukukhiqiza ama-spindle aqoshiwe e-CNC ngo-2000. Kamuva yanwetshwa yaba ama-VFD kanye nemishini yokuqopha ye-CNC. I Mayelana Nathi - I-Zhonghuajiang Spindle yasungulwa ngo-2018, isekelwa ulwazi lokukhiqiza nokwenza ngokwezifiso.

Ukuqina Kozimele Kulawula Ukunemba kanye Nekhwalithi Yokuphezulu

Ukuqina kohlaka kuchaza ukuthi umshini umelana kanjani nokunyakaza ngaphansi kwamandla okusika. Lonke ithuluzi lokusika liphusha impahla. Uhlaka oluguquguqukayo luvumela i-spindle noma i-gantry ukuthi inyakaze kancane.

Lokho kunyakaza kungase kudale ingxoxo, imiphetho engalingani, ubukhulu obungalungile, noma amathuluzi aphukile. Inkinga iba sobala ngesikhathi sokusikeka okujulile, izifunzo ezisheshayo, nomshini wensimbi othambile.

Bheka Ngalé Kwempahla Yohlaka

I-Aluminium inganikeza ibhalansi ephumelelayo phakathi kokuqina, isisindo, nokumelana nokugqwala. Insimbi ingase inikeze ukulawula okukhulu nokudlidliza okwengeziwe. Nokho, amagama ezinto ewodwa awakwazi ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomshini.

Hlola umklamo ophelele wesakhiwo:

• Ukwakhiwa kwe-Gantry: I-gantry ewugqinsi, esekelwe kahle imelana nokusonteka. Ama-gantries amade noma angasekelwe angase aguquke phakathi nokusikeka okunamandla.

• Ikhwalithi ehlanganyelwe: Amabhawodi axegayo kanye noxhumo olungafakwanga kahle kunciphisa ukuqina. Izindawo zokukhweza ezifakwe ngomshini kahle zigcina ukuqondana.

• Isakhiwo se-axis engu-Z: I-axis engu-Z emfushane, esekelwe ngokuvamile ikhawulela isilinganiso. Ukuphakama kwe-gantry okweqile kunganciphisa ukuqina.

• Izingxenye ezinyakazayo ezinomugqa: Imihlahlandlela ehambisanayo esekelwayo ilawula ukunyakaza kwe-eksisi kangcono kunezinduku ezingasekelwe ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo.

• Isisekelo somshini: Isisekelo esizinzile sikhawulela ukunyakazisa nokudlidliza phakathi nezinguquko zesikhombisi-ndlela esisheshayo.

Isisindo somshini singanikeza inkomba ewusizo, kodwa akusona isilinganiso esiphelele. Ubuningi obubekwe kabi benza okuncane ukusekela indlela yokusika. I-geometry yesakhiwo kanye nekhwalithi yokuxhuma ihlala ibalulekile.

Hlola Isistimu Yokunyakaza

Izikulufu zebhola zihlinzeka ngokunyakaza komugqa okulawulwayo kanye nokuhlehla okuphansi. Zifanelana nokuqoshwa okuningiliziwe, umsebenzi ophindayo, nokucutshungulwa kwensimbi elula. Izikulufu zomthofu zingase zonga ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezilula, nakuba ukuguga nokubuyela emuva kufanele ukunakwa.

Amabhande angahamba ngokushesha futhi asebenze kahle ngokhuni noma igwebu. Kodwa-ke, ukunwetshwa kwebhande kungase kuthinte imiphumela ngaphansi kwemithwalo enzima yokusika. Amasistimu e-Rack-and-pinion avela kaningi kumarutha amakhulu e-CNC.

Cela ukunemba kokuma kanye nedatha yokuphindaphinda ngokuhlukana. Ukunemba kokuma kubonisa ukuthi umshini ufinyelela eduze kangakanani endaweni eyaliwe. Ukuphindaphinda kubonisa ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukubuyela kuleyo ndawo ngokungaguquki.

Umshini kufanele futhi uhlale ebhentshini eliqinile, elisezingeni. Ngisho nerutha ye-CNC eqinile ingakwazi ukusebenza kahle etafuleni elibuthakathaka. Hlola izixhumi njalo ngoba ukudlidliza kungakhulula izingxenye zesakhiwo nokunyakaza.

Khetha Indawo Yokusebenzela Ngokusekelwe Ezingxenyeni Zangempela

Usayizi womshini okhangiswayo awuhlali ulingana nendawo yokusika esebenzisekayo. Hlola uhambo olusebenzayo lwe-X, Y, no-Z ngaphambi koku-oda.

Ukuhamba kuka-X kanye no-Y kunquma ingxenye enkulu eyisicaba ecutshungulwe ekusetheni okukodwa. I-Z ilawula ukuvunyelwa kwethuluzi, ukujiya kwempahla, ubude bendawo, nokujula kokusika okusebenzisekayo. Umsebenzi omude ungadla uhambo olutholakalayo lwe-Z ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukusika.

Bandakanya Ukubamba kanye Nokususwa Kwethuluzi

I-workpiece engu-300 × 400mm ayilingani ngokuzenzakalelayo indawo yokusika engu-300 × 400mm. Izinsimbi, amamajini onqenqema, izitobhi zokuqondanisa, nokufinyelela kwamathuluzi kudinga isikhala esengeziwe.

Hlela ingxenye yakho enkulu evamile kunephrojekthi yesikhathi esizayo engajwayelekile. Ukuthenga uhambo oludlulele kwandisa umkhondo, intengo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izidingo zesakhiwo. Ukuthenga ukuhamba okuncane kakhulu kuphoqa ukuphinda kubekwe kabusha impahla.

Ukufakwa kwamathayela okubalulekile kuvumela irutha encane ukuthi icubungule izingxenye ezinde. Umsebenzisi usika ingxenye eyodwa, amise kabusha okokusebenza, futhi aqhubeke nendlela yamathuluzi. Ilondoloza isikhala somshini kodwa yandisa isikhathi sokusetha nobungozi bokuqondanisa.

Izinyathelo zomshini nazo kufanele zihlolwe. Amamotho, amaketanga ekhebula, amabhokisi okulawula, kanye nokufinyelela kokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo kungadlulela ngale kwendawo yokusika. Ama-opharetha adinga isikhala ukuze alayishe izinto futhi alungise ngokuphepha.

Njengesibonelo esisebenzayo, i- 6040 Umshini we-CNC Router 3 Axis 4 Axis 300W 800W 1500W MACH3 300x400mm ibala indawo yokusebenza ephumelelayo engu-400 × 570 × 75mm. Imininingwane yayo ihlanganisa uhlaka lwe-aluminium engu-6061 T5, ukudluliswa kwe-ball-screw, kanye nokunemba kokubeka indawo okungu-0.05mm.

Qhathanisa lezi zibalo uma uqhathanisa namaphrojekthi angempela. Ungakhethi imodeli ngoba igama layo libonakala limele usayizi othile wethebula.

Qondanisa i-Spindle nezinto zakho kanye nemithwalo yokusika

I-spindle izungezisa ithuluzi lokusika futhi inikeze amandla adingekayo okukhipha impahla. Amandla ayo, ibanga lesivinini, ama-bearings, i-collet, isistimu yokupholisa, kanye ne-runout kuthonya imiphumela yomshini.

Amanzi amaningi awadali izingxenye ezingcono ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-spindle enamandla kuhlaka oluguquguqukayo ingase ikhulise ukudlidliza. I-spindle encane, ezinzile ingaletha imiphumela ehlanzekile ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa okuhle.

Linganisa Amandla Nesivinini Ndawonye

Isivinini esiphezulu sokuphotha sisekela amathuluzi anobubanzi obuncane asetshenziselwa ukuqoshwa, ukugaya kwe-PCB, nomsebenzi we-acrylic onemininingwane. Ama-cutters amakhulu kanye nokusikeka okusindayo ngokuvamile kudinga i-torque enamandla.

Okubalulekile futhi kushintsha imfuneko:

I-spindle runout ichaza ukuzungezisa kwethuluzi okungafunwa kude nendawo yayo yangempela. Ukugijima ngokweqile kudala ukusikeka okubanzi, ukuqedwa okungalungile, nokuguga kwamathuluzi okusheshayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa izingcezu ezincane zokuqopha.

Umthamo we-collet unquma ukuthi yiliphi ithuluzi elamukela umshini. ER11 ama-collet ajwayelekile kumarutha ahlangene e-CNC. Amasistimu amakholethi amakhulu asekela ububanzi bamathuluzi abanzi, kodwa futhi adinga ukuphotha okuhambisanayo.

Qhathanisa Izindlela Zokupholisa

Ama-spindles apholile emoyeni anikeza ukufakwa okuqondile. Awadingi iphampu, ithange lokupholisa amanzi, noma amapayipi amanzi. Abalandeli babo abakhelwe ngaphakathi bangadala umsindo owengeziwe.

Ama-spindle apholiswe ngamanzi angasebenza ngokuthula futhi alawule ukushisa ngesikhathi semisebenzi emide. Zidinga iphampu, indawo yokugcina amanzi, amapayipi kanye nokuhlola okupholisayo okujwayelekile.

I-VFD ihlinzeka ngesivinini esilungisekayo sokuphotha ama-spindle e-AC ahambisanayo. Qinisekisa i-voltage, imvamisa, isilinganiso sokuphotha, nesignali yokulawula ngaphambi kokuxhuma okokusebenza.

Buza ukuthi ingabe isivinini sokuphotha singalawulwa ngohlelo lwe-CNC. Ukulawula isivinini okwenziwa ngesandla kungase kuhambisane nomsebenzi wezikhathi ezithile. Imiyalo yesivinini esizenzakalelayo ithuthukisa ukuphindaphinda kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza egciniwe.

Linganisa Isilawuli Se-CNC bese Uqedela Ukugeleza Komshini

Isilawuli siguqula ikhodi ye-G ibe ukunyakaza kwe-eksisi nokuphotha okuhlanganisiwe. Ixhuma ukuhamba komsebenzi komklamo wedijithali emshinini ongokoqobo.

Isilawuli kufanele sifane namakhono akho esofthiwe nezidingo zokukhiqiza. Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziyinkimbinkimbi zinikeza inani elincane lapho opharetha bengakwazi ukuyimisa noma ukuyigcina.

GRBL , Mach3, kanye nokulawula okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi

GRBL -izilawuli ezisekelwe zivamile emishinini yedeskithophu yezinga lokungena. Ayathengeka, ayafinyeleleka, futhi asekelwa izinhlelo ezimbalwa zokuthumela amakhodi e-G. Ngokuvamile zifanelana nokuqoshwa kokuzilibazisa kanye nezicelo ze-workshop elula.

Amasistimu asekelwe ku-Mach3 anikezela ngezinketho ezibanzi zokucushwa zamakhompiyutha e-Windows ahambisanayo nehadiwe yokulawula ukunyakaza. Ngokusho kwe Incazelo esemthethweni ye-Mach3 , isofthiwe icubungula ikhodi ye-G futhi ilawule ukunyakaza kwe-stepper noma i-servo motor.

Izilawuli ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi zingasebenzisa amafayela alondoloziwe ngaphandle koxhumano lwekhompyutha unomphela. Lolu hlelo lwehlisa imfuhlumfuhlu endaweni yokusebenzela futhi luvikela ukukhiqizwa ekuphazamisekeni kwekhompyutha.

Nokho, i-interface iwukucatshangelwa okukodwa kuphela. Qinisekisa lawa mandla esilawuli:

• Amaphrosesa asekelwe e-CAD/CAM namafomethi ekhodi ye-G

• I-USB, i-Ethernet, noma indlela yokudlulisa ifayela engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi

• Nciphisa amaswishi nemisebenzi yasekhaya

• Uxhumano oluphuthumayo lokumisa

• Usekelo lokuhlola ubude bethuluzi

• Isivinini se-spindle kanye nokulawula kwe-VFD

• Okuphakelayo nokubamba kanye nemisebenzi yokuqalisa kabusha umsebenzi

• Izilungiselelo zemotor zamanje nezesinyathelo

• Isipele sepharamitha nokululama

• Ukutholakala kwamamanyuwali nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe

Isilawuli asikwazi ukulungisa uhlaka oluguquguqukayo noma isistimu yokunyakaza engaqondani kahle. Ngokufanayo, umshini oqinile awukwazi ukuletha umsebenzi ongaguquki kusuka kuzilungiselelo ezingalungile zemilimitha ngayinye.

Hlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwesilawuli, abashayeli, namamotho anyathelayo. Izilungiselelo zamanje ezifaniswa kahle, i-voltage, ukusheshisa, ne-pulse zisekela ukunyakaza okuzinzile. Ukusheshisa kakhulu kungase kubangele ukudlidliza noma izinyathelo ezigejiwe.

Qalisa isampula yefayela lekhodi ye-G ngaphambi kokuqala izinto ezibalulekile. Qinisekisa izikhombisi-ndlela ze-eksisi, imikhawulo yomshini, izilungiselelo zomsuka, imiyalo yokuphotha, nomsebenzi wokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukuze usebenzise ibhizinisi, buza ukuthi amafayela okulungiselela enziwa kanjani isipele. Iphrofayili yesilawuli egciniwe inganciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi ngemuva kokushintshwa kwekhompyutha noma ukwehluleka kwesofthiwe.

Isiphetho

Okuncane Okuncane Umshini we-CNC Router akuyona nje imodeli enkulu kunazo zonke noma enamandla kakhulu.

Khetha uhlaka oluqinile, indawo yokusebenza esebenzayo, ukuphotha okufanelekile, nesilawuli esihambisanayo. Bese uqinisekisa izingxenye ezinyakazayo, izici zokuphepha, amathuluzi, nosekelo lobuchwepheshe.

U-Zhong Hua Jiang angasiza abathengi baqondanise lezi zici nezinto zokwakha, osayizi bezingxenye, kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza ezilindelekile.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo Mayelana Nezincane Umshini we-CNC Router s

Q: Iyiphi indawo yokusebenza engcono kakhulu Komncane Umshini we-CNC Router ?

IMP: Khetha indawo enkulu kancane kunezingcezu zakho zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu. Bandakanya indawo yezinsimbi, izitobhi zokuqondanisa, nokunyakaza kwamathuluzi. I-PCB encane namaphrojekthi we-nameplate angase adinge uhambo olulinganiselwe. Izimpawu, amaphaneli, nezakhiwo zeqoqo zidinga isikhala esengeziwe. Hlola uhambo olusebenzayo lwe-X, Y, no-Z esikhundleni sokuthembela egameni lemodeli.

Q: Ingabe ifreyimu ye-aluminium iqinile ngokwanele umzila we-CNC?

A: Uhlaka lwe-aluminium oluklanywe kahle lungakwazi ukuphatha ukhuni, i-acrylic, ipulasitiki, i-PCB, nomsebenzi wensimbi elula. Ubukhulu bephrofayela, ukusekelwa kwe-gantry, ikhwalithi ehlanganyelwe, neziqondiso zomugqa nakho kuthinta ukuqina. Ukusika i-aluminium esindayo kungase kudinge isakhiwo esiqinile, isandiso samathuluzi esifushane, kanye nemingcele yokusika elandelanayo.

Q: Mangakanani amandla okuphotha adingwa irutha encane ye-CNC?

IMP: Ukuqoshwa okukhanyayo kungadinga kuphela ama-watts angamakhulu ambalwa. Ukhuni oluqinile, i-acrylic ewugqinsi, nomsebenzi ojwayelekile wensimbi ethambile kungase kuzuze kusukela ku-800W kuya ku-1500W noma ngaphezulu. Fanisa amandla ohlaka lwamandla, ububanzi bethuluzi, ukujula kokusika, nesikhathi sokukhiqiza. I-spindle runout kanye ne-torque ingabaluleka ngaphezu kwamandla amaningi.

Q: Ingabe irutha encane ye-CNC ingasika i-aluminium?

A: Yebo, eminye imishini eqinile ingaqopha futhi isike kancane i-aluminium. Sebenzisa i-cutter efanelekile, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo esilawulwayo, amaphasi angashoni, kanye nokususwa kwe-chip okuphumelelayo. Uhlaka, i-axis engu-Z, ukuphotha, kanye nokubamba komsebenzi kufanele kuhlale kuzinzile. Amarutha amancane akufanele aphathwe njengemishini esindayo yokugaya yezimboni.

Q: Ingabe i GRBL noma i-Mach3 ingcono kwabaqalayo?

A: GRBL inikezela ngendawo yokungena elula nethengekayo yemishini ehlangene. I-Mach3 inikeza izinketho eziningi zokucushwa zamasistimu asekelwe ku-Windows ahambisanayo. Inketho engcono incike kuhadiwe yesilawuli, ukuhamba komsebenzi kwesofthiwe, imisebenzi edingekayo, nosekelo lobuchwepheshe olutholakalayo. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana ngaphambi kokuthenga umshini.