Umugozi wikingira kabiri ni ubwoko bwihariye bwumugozi wamashanyarazi wakozwe muburyo bwitondewe kugirango utange uburinzi buhanitse bwo kwirinda amashanyarazi (EMI) hamwe na radio yumurongo wa radiyo (RFI). Harimo ibice bibiri bitandukanye byo gukingira - mubisanzwe guhuza neza na fayili ya aluminium na braid umuringa - ibyo bikaba bifatanyiriza hamwe kwemeza ibyapa bisukuye, byizewe, kandi bihamye ndetse no mubihe bigoye.
Izi nsinga zikoreshwa cyane mubidukikije-aho urusaku rwinshi rwamashanyarazi cyangwa kugoreka ibimenyetso bishobora guhungabanya cyane imikorere, harimo yo gutangiza inganda zikoresha imashini , sisitemu , za CNC imashini , hamwe nibindi bikorwa bifatika.
Intsinga imwe ikingiwe ifite ubushobozi bwo gucunga ibikorwa byibanze muburyo buke busabwa, ariko gukingira kabiri bizamura uburinzi kurwego rushya rwose rwo kwizerwa no gukora.
Igice cya mbere cyikingira - mubisanzwe yoroheje, ikora cyane inanasi ya aluminiyumu - ikumira neza urusaku rwamashanyarazi rwinjira ruturuka kumasoko nkumurongo wamashanyarazi, moteri, cyangwa ibimenyetso simusiga. Hagati aho, igice cya kabiri , mubisanzwe gikozwe mu muringa gikozwe mu muringa , gikora intego ebyiri: kigabanya umuhanda wimbere hagati yimiyoboro iherekeza mu mugozi kandi kongerera cyane imashini iramba kandi ihindagurika mugihe uhangayitse.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyibice bibiri byerekana neza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso , ndetse no mubisabwa inshuro nyinshi cyangwa imashini ziremereye aho kunyeganyega, urusaku rwamashanyarazi, no kwambara kumubiri ari ingorane zihoraho.
Mugihe sisitemu ya elegitoronike igenda irushaho kuba ingorabahizi kandi ipakiye cyane - hamwe n’ibipimo biri hejuru y’amakuru, ibyuma byumva neza, hamwe n’ibikoresho bifitanye isano - icyifuzo cy’insinga zikingiwe kabiri cyiyongereye mu buryo bw’inganda zikoresha inganda, itumanaho, ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, icyogajuru, n’ibikorwa remezo by’amakuru , bituma biba ngombwa mu kwizerwa mu nshingano.
Umugozi usanzwe ukingiwe kabiri wubatswe hamwe nuburyo bwuzuye, bwubatswe-buke kugirango ubwinshi bwibimenyetso burambye. Ibigize birimo:
Ubusanzwe intangiriro ikozwe mu muringa-mwinshi cyane (ukomeye cyangwa uhagaze) kugirango ukore neza amashanyarazi no gutakaza ibimenyetso bike hejuru yintera.
Igice cya dielectric - mubisanzwe PVC, PE, cyangwa FEP - kizengurutse buri kiyobora, gukumira imiyoboro migufi , kugabanya ubushobozi, no gukomeza ubudakemwa bwibimenyetso bihoraho.
Mubisanzwe fayili ya aluminiyumu (akenshi ifashwa na polyester), iki gice gitanga ubwishingizi 100% kugirango uhagarike neza interineti yumuriro wa elegitoroniki (EMI) uturuka hanze.
Umuringa uboshye cyane cyangwa umuringa usizwe (hamwe na 65-95%) bikurura urusaku ruke-buke , bigabanya umuhanda wimbere , kandi bikongeramo imbaraga za mashini hamwe nubworoherane bwo kunama cyangwa kunyeganyega.
Icyatsi kibisi, kirinda umuriro, kirinda UV, kandi kirinda amavuta (nka PVC, TPE, cyangwa LSZH ) kirinda ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, abrasion, imiti, n’ibyangiritse ku mubiri , bigatuma kwizerwa kuramba mu bidukikije.
Iyi nyubako ihanitse yubatswe ntabwo yongerera EMI / RFI kwangwa gusa ahubwo inemeza kuramba kumikorere no gukora neza , kabone niyo haba hari ibibazo byinganda cyangwa ibidukikije.
Intsinga imwe ikingiwe ikoresha urwego rumwe (mubisanzwe ifata cyangwa ikariso) kugirango irinde EMI shingiro, ikwiranye n urusaku ruke rwurusaku nka sisitemu y amajwi cyangwa imirongo migufi yamakuru. Intsinga ebyiri-zikingiwe, ariko, zirimo ibice bibiri-akenshi bihuza ifiriti na braid-kugirango bikore neza. Dore igereranya ryihuse:
Ikiranga |
Umugozi umwe |
Umugozi wubatswe kabiri |
Ingabo |
Imwe (urugero, ifiriti cyangwa igituba) |
Babiri (urugero, foil y'imbere + igitereko cyo hanze) |
Kurinda EMI / RFI |
Guciriritse; ngirakamaro mubice bito-bivangavanze |
Hejuru; nibyiza kubidukikije bisakuza nkamashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho byimashini |
Ibisanzwe |
Amajwi, amakuru make-yumurongo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki |
Igisirikare, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, imiyoboro yihuta, sisitemu ya RF |
Igiciro |
Hasi |
Hejuru kubera ibikoresho byongeweho kandi bigoye |
Guhinduka |
Muri rusange hejuru |
Kugabanuka gahoro, ariko biratandukana kubishushanyo mbonera |
Mubisanzwe aluminium cyangwa umuringa (100% bitwikiriye) bizengurutse imiyoboro, akenshi hamwe numuyoboro wamazi wo hasi. Ibi birabuza kwivanga kwinshi.
Icyuma gisobekeranye (urugero, 80% byometseho umuringa) hejuru yingabo yimbere, bitanga uburinzi buke nimbaraga zo gukanika. Ibice mubisanzwe bitandukanijwe namashanyarazi kugirango birinde imikoranire.
Kugirango imikorere ikorwe neza, inkinzo ihagaze kumpande zombi (imyitozo myiza igezweho), nubwo hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango wirinde ibizunguruka. Mubihe byihariye, nkicyuma cyindege, ingabo yinyuma irinda inkuba, mugihe iyimbere igabanya hum kuva mumashanyarazi.
Ubu buryo bubiri burashobora kugabanya kwivanga kugera kuri 90% cyangwa birenga ugereranije ninsinga zidafunze, ukurikije inshuro n'ibidukikije.
Ikingira ryibice bibiri-bifata umurongo mwinshi wa RFI no gutondekanya EMI yumurongo muke - bihagarika hafi kwivanga kwimbere n’imbere, birinda gutakaza ibimenyetso, kugoreka, cyangwa ruswa. Uru rwego rwo kurinda ni inshingano-zingenzi muri sisitemu y’amajwi yabigize umwuga, ibikorwa remezo byihuta byihuta, imashini za CNC zisobanutse, nibikoresho byerekana amashusho yubuvuzi.
Inkinzo yinyuma ikozweho ikora nkintwaro ikingira, yongerera cyane imbaraga zo kurwanya abrasion, guhindagurika inshuro nyinshi, guhonyora, no guhangayika cyane mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, kuyobora, cyangwa gukora mubidukikije. Ibi bituma umugozi mwiza wintwaro za robo, imashini zigenda, hamwe no kohereza umurima.
Mugabanye inzira nyabagendwa, kwiyegereza, hamwe na jitter iterwa n urusaku, gukingira kabiri bituma ibimenyetso bisukuye, bihamye, kandi byizerwa cyane mugihe kirekire - ndetse no mubidukikije byangiza amashanyarazi nkinganda, ibigo byamakuru, cyangwa sitidiyo yerekana.
Kurinda byimazeyo guhangayikishwa n’ibidukikije-harimo EMI, ubushuhe, kunyeganyega, no kwambara imashini - byongerera ubuzima ubuzima bukora. Ibi bivamo inshuro nke zo gusimbuza inshuro, kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga, hamwe na sisitemu ntoya yo hasi, gutanga ikiguzi cyuzuye cya nyirubwite (TCO) mubikorwa byinganda nubucuruzi.
Intsinga ebyiri zikingiwe ningirakamaro mubikorwa byinganda zikomeye aho ibimenyetso bisobanutse, kwiringirwa, nibisobanuro bidashoboka. Uburinzi bwabo bukomeye EMI / RFI butuma imikorere itagira inenge mubidukikije bisabwa cyane. Porogaramu z'ingenzi zirimo:
Tanga ibimenyetso bihamye byo kugenzura ibinyabiziga hamwe nibisobanuro bihanitse bivuye kuri kodegisi na sensor, wirinde jitter cyangwa amakosa yo guhagarara aterwa n urusaku rwamashanyarazi ruva muri servo, spindles, cyangwa imashini zegeranye.
Kuraho ibice byubutaka, hums, buzz, hamwe no kwivanga muburyo bufatika byafashwe amajwi, sitidiyo yerekana, sisitemu yijwi ryibitaramo, hamwe na sitasiyo yerekana amajwi (DAWs), ukarinda ubudahemuka busobanutse kuva mikoro kugeza gusohoka.
Shigikira umuvuduko mwinshi, wohereza amakuru adafite amakosa muri Ethernet (Cat6 / Cat7), sisitemu ya fibre umugongo, hamwe nibikorwa remezo 5G, ukingira inzira nyabagendwa hamwe nibimenyetso bya RF byo hanze mumigozi ya kabili cyangwa ibidukikije mumijyi.
Kurinda ibikoresho byoroshye byo gusuzuma no kugenzura - nka MRI, ultrasound, ECG, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukurikirana abarwayi - biturutse ku kwivanga kwa electromagnetiki biterwa n'ibikoresho biri hafi, kugira ngo bisomwe neza n'umutekano w'abarwayi.
Komeza ubudakemwa bwibimenyetso bidahwitse mubyerekeranye nindege, sisitemu ya radar, itumanaho rya satelite, hamwe n’imodoka za gisirikare, aho EMI ikabije ituruka kuri radar, moteri, cyangwa intambara ya elegitoronike ishobora guhungabanya inzira, intego, cyangwa guhuza amakuru.
Guhitamo kabili nziza ikingiwe bisaba guhuza igishushanyo cyayo nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu yawe. Ibintu by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma birimo:
Hitamo iboneza bihuye neza nibimenyetso byawe bikenewe:
· Coaxial kumirongo myinshi ya RF cyangwa ibimenyetso bya videwo (urugero, 50Ω cyangwa 75Ω impedance).
· Twisted Pair (STP) kugirango ihererekanyamakuru ryuzuye mu miyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho.
· Multi-Core ya sisitemu igoye igenzura ikenera imiyoboro myinshi ikingiwe.
Shyira imbere ifumbire mvaruganda - 100% ya aluminiyumu yo gukwirakwiza inshuro nyinshi kandi ikozwe mu muringa (≥65%) kugirango yange inshuro nke kandi iramba. Irinde ingabo imwe-ngabo cyangwa gake gake yo guhitamo ahantu huzuye urusaku.
Kuri porogaramu zifite imbaraga cyangwa za robo, hitamo insinga zifite imigozi miremire ihanamye, TPE cyangwa ikoti ya silicone, hamwe nubudodo-bwiza bwogosha bwagereranijwe kuri miriyoni zunamye. Kwishyiriraho bihamye birashobora gukoresha verisiyo zikomeye, zihenze cyane PVC.
Huza ikoti ryo hanze nibibazo bikora:
· Ubushyuhe bukabije : Koresha FEP cyangwa PTFE kuri -70 ° C kugeza + 200 ° C.
· Ubushuhe / imiti yerekana : Hitamo PUR cyangwa LSZH kugirango amavuta, amazi, cyangwa birwanya ruswa.
· UV / abrasion : Hitamo uburyo bwa UV butajegajega cyangwa ibirwanisho hanze cyangwa inganda.
Kugenzura ibyemezo nka UL, CE, RoHS, cyangwa MIL-spec yinganda zagenzuwe nkubuvuzi, ikirere, cyangwa kwirwanaho.
Gushora igihe muguhitamo umugozi wukuri ukingiwe kabiri-uhujwe nubwoko bwibimenyetso, guhangayikishwa nubukanishi, hamwe n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije - byemeza ko byiringirwa igihe kirekire, bigabanya kunanirwa, kandi bikarinda sisitemu yoroheje kutivanga no gutinda.
Kwitaho neza no kubungabunga ibikorwa nibyingenzi kugirango umuntu yongere igihe cyo kubaho no kwerekana ubunyangamugayo bwinsinga ebyiri zikingiwe. Shyira mubikorwa ibyo byiza kugirango wirinde kwangirika no kwemeza imikorere yizewe:
· Irinde kugoreka bikabije cyangwa kugoreka mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho Buri gihe ujye wubaha uruganda rwerekanwe na radiyo ntoya (mubisanzwe 6-10 × diameter). Kunama cyane birashobora kuvunika igitereko, gutanyagura ingabo ya fayili, cyangwa kwangiza imiyoboro yimbere, bikabangamira uburinzi bwa EMI kandi bigatera amakosa yikimenyetso rimwe na rimwe.
· Komeza insinga kure yinkombe zikarishye hamwe nubushyuhe Inkomoko yinzira ya kaburimbo isukuye ibyuma, ibinyeganyega, cyangwa hejuru yubushyuhe (urugero, moteri, umunaniro). Koresha uburyo bwo gukingira, kurinda inkombe, cyangwa kuzenguruka ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane kugirango wirinde gukuramo, gukata, cyangwa gushonga , bishobora gutera ikabutura cyangwa urusaku.
Kugenzura Rimwe na rimwe Guhuza Kwambara cyangwa Kwangirika Kugenzura amacomeka, jack, na termin buri mezi 3-6 ahantu habi. Shakisha amabati yunamye, amazu yacitse, ingabo zidakabije, cyangwa okiside . Sukura hamwe n'inzoga ya isopropyl hamwe na brush yoroshye , hanyuma usimbuze imiyoboro yangiritse ako kanya kugirango ukomeze guhuza imbaraga nke, nta rusaku..
· Koresha imigozi ya kabili, imiyoboro, cyangwa inzira zogushiraho neza kandi zifite umutekano Tegura insinga zifite ibyuma bitari ibyuma, bizengurutse impande zose cyangwa sisitemu yihariye yo gucunga insinga kugirango wirinde impagarara, guhina, cyangwa gutobora. Mu nganda, koresha umuyoboro woroshye cyangwa gukurura iminyururu kugirango ushyigikire kandi ukingire umukungugu, imyanda, hamwe na stress ya mashini.
1. Ikirango cyikirango cyo kumenya byoroshye no gukemura ibibazo bizaza.
2. Gerageza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso buri gihe ukoresheje TDR, isesengura ryurusobe, cyangwa igenzura rihoraho muri sisitemu zikomeye.
3. Bika insinga zisigara ahantu hakonje, humye, utetse neza nta kink.
Kubungabunga buri gihe, kubitekerezaho birinda gukingira imbaraga, birinda kunanirwa bihenze, kandi bikomeza ubwiza bwibimenyetso byerekana ubuzima bwa serivisi ya kabili - ndetse no mubisabwa inganda, sitidiyo, cyangwa imirima.
Ihuza ryihuse
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