Ibibazo 9 Bisanzwe kuri CNC Spindle Motors Ukeneye Kumenya

I. Intangiriro

Moteri ya CNC Spindle Niki?

Moteri ya CNC spindle numutima wimashini iyo ari yo yose ya CNC. Ibi bice bishinzwe kuzenguruka igikoresho cyo gutema, bigafasha gutunganya neza ibikoresho bitandukanye nkibiti, ibyuma, plastiki, hamwe nibigize. Moteri ya spindle itanga urumuri n'umuvuduko ukenewe kugirango urangize imirimo myinshi, uhereye kubishushanyo byoroshye kugeza gusya cyane. Bitekerezeho nka moteri yimodoka - utayifite, ntakintu kigenda, kandi neza ntibishoboka.

Igituma moteri ya spindle idasanzwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo gukomeza umuvuduko uhoraho hamwe numuriro munsi yumutwaro. Bitandukanye na moteri isanzwe, moteri ya CNC yagenewe gukora RPMs ndende (Revolisiyo kumunota) hamwe nibikorwa bikomeza mugihe kinini. Uku kuramba no gusobanuka nibyo bibatandukanya kwisi ya mudasobwa igenzura imibare.

Ubwoko bwa Moteri ya Spindle: Ubukonje bukonje n'amazi akonje

Moteri ya spindle ije muburyo bubiri bwibanze bushingiye kuburyo bwabo bwo gukonjesha: gukonjesha ikirere no gukonjesha amazi. Buri bwoko bugira ibyiza byabwo hamwe nubucuruzi, kandi guhitamo icyiza birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya mashini yawe na gahunda yo kuyitaho.

Moteri ikonjesha ikirere

Moteri ikonjesha ikirere yishingikiriza kubafana cyangwa umwuka wo hanze kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo gukora. Ubu ni ubwoko bukunze gukoreshwa mu mashini zishimisha CNC n'imashini zinganda zoroheje. Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi bya moteri ikonjesha ikirere nuburyo bworoshye. Ntibakenera sisitemu yo gukonjesha itandukanye, ituma kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga byoroshye cyane.

Imashini ikonjesha amazi

Moteri ikonjesha amazi, kurundi ruhande, koresha uburyo bwo kuzenguruka amazi afunze kugirango ucunge ubushyuhe. Bazwi kubikorwa byabo bituje hamwe no gukonjesha neza. Moteri nibyiza kubikorwa biremereye cyangwa ibikorwa bikomeza, aho gucunga ubushyuhe biba ngombwa.

Kuberako amazi afite ubushyuhe burenze umwuka, irashobora gukurura no gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi bituma imashini ikonjesha amazi ikwiranye nogukoresha igihe kinini, cyane cyane mubikorwa byumwuga aho ibisobanuro nibikorwa ari ngombwa.

Impamvu Spindle Ibibazo bifite akamaro

Ibibazo bya spindle birashobora gutuma ibikorwa bya CNC byose bihagarara. Niba spindle idakora neza, urashobora kwitega kugabanuka kwiza, kongera ibicuruzwa byangiritse, ndetse no kunanirwa kwimashini. Urebye ko spindle ishinzwe gutwara igikoresho cyo gukata, ibibazo byose bifitanye isano nabyo bizagira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye, umuvuduko, nubwiza bwimashini yawe.

Tekereza kugerageza guca muri aluminium ukoresheje spindle ihindagurika, ikora ishyushye, cyangwa gusimbuka RPM. Ntabwo ubuso buzarangira gusa, ahubwo ibikoresho byawe birashobora gucika, bigutwara igihe namafaranga. Ikibabaje kurushaho, ibibazo bya spindle bidakemutse birashobora kuganisha ku gusana bihenze cyangwa no kwangirika ku buryo budasubirwaho imashini ya CNC ubwayo.

Uhereye kubikorwa, ibibazo bya spindle biganisha kumasaha atateganijwe. Ninzozi mbi kubikorwa byo gukora bikora kuri gahunda ihamye. Kunanirwa kwizunguruka birashobora guta igihe ntarengwa, bigira ingaruka kumubano wabakiriya, no gutera igihombo cyamafaranga.

Byongeye kandi, hari impungenge z'umutekano. Uruziga rudakwiye rushobora gushyuha, biganisha ku nkongi y'umuriro, cyane cyane ahantu huzuye ivumbi nk'amaduka akora ibiti. Gufata ibintu bitunguranye birashobora kandi gutuma igihangano gihinduka cyangwa kigacika ubusa, bishobora kugirira nabi uwabikoraga.

Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya no gukemura ibibazo bya spindle hakiri kare bishoboka. Kubungabunga inzira, kugenzura-igihe, no guhita witondera ibimenyetso byo kuburira ntibishobora kuganirwaho niba ushaka ko imashini ya CNC ikora neza kandi neza.

II. Ibibazo bisanzwe bya CNC Spindle

Ikibazo	Impamvu	Ibisubizo
1. Ubushyuhe bukabije	- Guhumeka nabi (gukonjesha umwuka)   - Imiyoboro ikonje ifunze   - Gukomeza gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi	- Sukura akayunguruzo / sisitemu ikonje   - Irinde umuvuduko uhoraho   - Kurikirana ubushyuhe
2. Kunyeganyega bikabije	- Ibikoresho bitaringanijwe  - Imyambarire yambarwa cyangwa idahuye   - Guhuza ibice	- Koresha ibikoresho byuzuye   - Simbuza ibyuma   - Ongera uhuze nibikoresho byuzuye
3. Urusaku rudasanzwe	- Imyenda yambarwa   - Ibice bitakaye   - Kwambara imbere	- Kugenzura ikinamico   - Simbuza ibyuma   - Kenyera kandi usige ibice
4. Kuzunguruka Kudahinduka	- VFD itari yo cyangwa amashanyarazi  - Imodoka yangiritse   - Insinga zacitse	- Reba insinga nimbaraga   - Kugenzura kode ya VFD   - Gupima ibipapuro hamwe na multimeter
5. Kwishura ibyangiritse	- Gushyushya  - Urusaku (gutaka / gusya)   - Gutakaza neza	- Simbuza ibyuma byihuse   - Koresha amavuta meza   - Funga moteri ivuye mukungugu / gukonjesha
6. Igenamiterere ritari ryo	- RPM idahindagurika  - Amakosa ya VFD   - Kunanirwa hakiri kare	- Huza igenamiterere ryerekana urupapuro   - Kurikiza imfashanyigisho   - Baza utanga isoko niba udashidikanya
7. Kurekura Bolts / Kudahuza	- Kunyeganyega  - Inzira zidasanzwe  - Gantry / ibyangiritse ku kazi	- Koresha umurongo wa torque   - Reba guhuza buri cyumweru   - Umutekano utekanye
8. Kugabanya umukandara	- Kwambara igihe   - Guhagarika umutima   - Guhindura ubushyuhe	- Reba impagarara kabiri-buri cyumweru   - Koresha ibipimo   - Simbuza imikandara yambarwa
9. Imiyoboro migufi y'amashanyarazi	- Guhagarika gitunguranye   - Impumuro yaka   - Kumena ingendo	- Simbuza insinga zangiritse   - Kureba neza   - Ongeraho uburinzi bwo kubaga

1. Ubushyuhe bukabije

Ubushyuhe bukabije bwa moteri ni kimwe mubibazo bikunze kugaragara - kandi biteje akaga - abakoresha imashini za CNC bahura nazo. Ubushyuhe ntibugabanya imikorere ya moteri gusa ahubwo binagabanya igihe cyayo cyane. Iyo itagenzuwe, irashobora gukurura ibyangiritse burundu, bikavamo gusanwa bihenze cyangwa no gusimbuza moteri byuzuye.

Reka tubigabanye mubitera nibisubizo bifatika:

Impamvu Zitera Ubushyuhe

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha idahagije

Kuri spindles ikonjesha ikirere, umuyaga ufunze, umuyaga wanduye, cyangwa ikirere kidakwiye kirashobora kugabanya ubukonje. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kuri sisitemu ikonjesha amazi, guhagarika imiyoboro, kumeneka gukonje, cyangwa kunanirwa kwa pompe birashobora kugabanya imikorere yo gukonja.

Abakoresha benshi nabo bakora amakosa yo gushiraho spindles batagenzuye neza guhumeka cyangwa ubushobozi bukonje. Ibi ni nko kwiruka marato muri swater - ubushyuhe ntibufite aho bugana.

Gukora igihe kirekire kuri RPM Yisumbuye

Gukoresha spindle ubudahwema kumuvuduko mwinshi bishyira imbaraga nyinshi mubice byimbere, bikabyara ubushyuhe burenze ibisanzwe. Cyane cyane mu cyi cyangwa ahakorerwa umwuka mubi, ibi birashobora gusunika moteri kurenza imipaka yubushyuhe.

Igenamiterere rya moteri nabi

Gukoresha voltage itariyo, inshuro nyinshi, cyangwa imitwaro igenwa kuri VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) irashobora gukora cyane spindle, biganisha ku bushyuhe bukabije. Niba disiki yohereje imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa ikora kuri frequency idahindagurika, ugomba guhura nubushyuhe.

Imyanda yanduye cyangwa yambarwa

Imyenda imbere muri spindle ifasha kugabanya guterana amagambo. Niba ibi bishaje, byumye, cyangwa byanduye, ubushyamirane buriyongera, nabwo bikazamura ubushyuhe bwimbere. Ntushobora no kubibona kugeza igihe kirenze, cyane cyane niba udakora ubugenzuzi busanzwe.

Ibidukikije

Gukorera ahantu hashyushye, umukungugu, cyangwa ubushuhe burashobora gukaza ikibazo. Umukungugu urashobora gufunga abafana bakonjesha cyangwa ikote imbere, mugihe ubushyuhe bwibidukikije butuma bigora sisitemu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.

Ibisubizo byo gushyuha cyane

Sukura kandi Ukomeze Sisitemu yo gukonjesha

Mubisanzwe usukure umuyaga, abafana, na filteri muburyo bukonje. Kumashanyarazi akonje, koresha imirongo ikonjesha, urebe niba yatembye, kandi urebe ko pompe yamazi ikora neza.

Simbuza cyangwa wuzuze ibicurane bikenewe kandi ukoreshe amazi yatoboye avanze na antifreeze kugirango wirinde kwangirika no gukura kwa mikorobe.

Hindura uburyo bwo gutema ibipimo

Irinde gukuramo RPM igihe kinini keretse niba spindle yawe yagenwe. Kuringaniza umuvuduko hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe utabangamiye umusaruro.

Koresha ibiryo bikwiye n'umuvuduko kubintu urimo gukora. Kurenza urugero kuri spindle hamwe no gukata birashobora gutera guhangayika bitari ngombwa no kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe.

Hindura Igenamiterere rya VFD

Menya neza ko VFD yagizwe neza ukurikije tekinike ya spindle. Koresha uburyo bwo kurinda ibintu birenze urugero kandi ukurikirane amperage kugirango umenye ko moteri idakabije.

Shyiramo ibikoresho byo gukonjesha hanze

Tekereza gushiraho abafana bafasha cyangwa konderasi mumahugurwa kugirango utezimbere ubukonje bwibidukikije. Kuri sisitemu ikonjesha amazi, koresha radiator cyangwa chiller kugirango ukomeze ubushyuhe bukonje.

Bamwe mubakoresha ndetse bubaka DIY gukonjesha bakoresheje imirasire ya PC nabafana, ibyo birashobora kuba byiza cyane kumashini ntoya-hagati.

Gahunda yo Kubungabunga

Kora urutonde rusanzwe rwo kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze, urwego rukonje, hamwe nu kirere. Koresha kamera yerekana amashusho cyangwa ibyuma byubushyuhe kugirango ukurikirane ubushyuhe bwa spindle mugihe ukora.

Nibyihuse ubonye ubushyuhe bwiyongera, niko ushobora kwihutira gutabara mbere yuko biba ikibazo kinini.

Gukurikirana Ibidukikije

Bika imashini ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza, kure yubushyuhe cyangwa izuba ryinshi. Koresha sisitemu yo gukusanya ivumbi kugirango wirinde ibice gufunga imbere ya moteri.

Ubushyuhe bukabije ni nka fuse yaka buhoro - ntushobora kubona ingaruka zako ako kanya, ariko igihe nikigera bizangiza imikorere yimashini yawe kandi yizewe. Mugusobanukirwa intandaro no gushyira mubikorwa ibisubizo byubwenge, bifatika, urashobora gukomeza moteri ya spindle ikora neza, ndende, kandi neza. Kwirinda hano ntabwo aribyiza gukira - birahendutse cyane.

2. Kunyeganyega bikabije

Kunyeganyega muri moteri ya CNC spindle ntabwo birakaze gusa - ni ikimenyetso cyo kuburira. Irakubwira ikintu kizimye, kandi niba wirengagije, urakingura urugi rwurwego rwose rwibibazo binini, bihenze. Kunyeganyega cyane birashobora kwangiza ubuso bwibikorwa byawe, kwambara ibikoresho byihuse, hanyuma bigatera kwangirika kwimbere. Ubutumwa bwiza? Urashobora gufata no kubikosora hakiri kare, umaze gusobanukirwa niki gitera kunyeganyega nuburyo bwo kubyitwaramo.

Impamvu zo Kunyeganyega

Igikoresho kitaringanijwe cyangwa Gukusanya

Imwe mumpamvu zikunze kugaragara inyuma yinyeganyeza nugushiraho ibikoresho bidakwiye. Niba igikoresho cyo gukata kiticaye neza muri koleti cyangwa niba igikoresho ubwacyo kitaringanijwe, kirashobora guta hagati ya rukuruzi ya rukuruzi. Uku kutaringaniza kugaragara cyane ku muvuduko mwinshi, aho ndetse n'akantu gato gashobora gutera kunyeganyega kugaragara.

Imyenda yambarwa cyangwa irekuye

Imyenda ifite uruhare runini muguhindura uruziga. Igihe kirenze, zirashaje cyangwa zirekura, cyane cyane iyo zidasizwe cyangwa ngo zisukure neza. Mugihe ibyuma bitesha agaciro, binjiza gukina cyangwa 'icyumba cya wiggle ' mumuzinga wa spindle, bisobanura guhindagurika mugihe cyo gukora.

Shaft Spindle Shaft

Impanuka zibaho - birashoboka ko spindle yataye mugihe cyo kubungabunga, cyangwa wenda igikoresho cyaguye mugihe cyakazi. Niba uruziga rwa spindle rwaba rwunamye gato, bizatera injyana, ihindagurika igihe cyose izunguruka. Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye kandi mubisanzwe bisaba gusana umwuga cyangwa gusimburwa.

Kudahuza ibice bya spindle cyangwa imashini

Niba spindle idahujwe neza na mashini isigaye, cyangwa niba umurongo wawe uyobora umurongo utari kare, moteri iranyeganyega mugihe igerageza kwishyura ayo makosa. Kwishyiriraho nabi no kubura kalibrasi akenshi ni nyirabayazana hano.

Ubuso bwakazi butajegajega cyangwa kuzamuka

Rimwe na rimwe, kunyeganyega ntabwo biva muri spindle ubwayo ahubwo biva mumashini igenda cyangwa shingiro. Niba imashini yawe ya CNC ishyizwe hasi itaringaniye, cyangwa niba imitwe yimitambiko irekuye, irashobora gukora ingaruka mbi yigana kunyeganyega.

RPM Yisumbuye Nta mutwaro

Kuzunguruka kuzunguruka kuri RPM ndende nta mutwaro cyangwa igikoresho gishobora rimwe na rimwe gutera guhindagurika guhuza cyane cyane mumashini zoroheje. Ntabwo buri gihe ari amakosa ahubwo biranga uburyo moteri zimwe zitwara mugihe nta mutwaro urimo.

Gukosora Kuzunguruka

Igikoresho cyo Kugarura no Gukusanya

Buri gihe menya neza ko igikoresho cyawe cyo gukata gishyizwe hagati muri koleji. Sukura ibikoresho byombi shank na collet mbere yo kwishyiriraho. Kubikorwa byihuta cyane, tekereza gukoresha ibikoresho byuzuye hamwe na collets, bigabanya kunyeganyega cyane.

Kugenzura no gusimbuza ibyuma

Reba ibintu bya spindle byerekana ibimenyetso byo kwambara, urusaku rusya, cyangwa ubunebwe. Basimbuze nibiba ngombwa, kandi burigihe ukurikize umurongo ngenderwaho wogukora ubwoko no kwishyiriraho. Ibi nibyiza gukorwa mbere yuko ibyangiritse bikwirakwira.

Reba ibyangiritse

Ibizamini birangiye ukoresheje icyerekezo cyerekana bishobora kugufasha kumenya niba uruziga ruzunguruka. Niba kurangiza birenze imipaka yemewe (mubisanzwe birenga 0.01mm), igihe kirageze cyo kubona spindle ikorerwa cyangwa igasimburwa.

Ongera uhindure

Koresha ibikoresho bihuza neza kugirango urebe ko spindle iringaniye neza hamwe nigitanda cyimashini kandi perpendicular kumurongo wo gutema. Kudahuza ntibitera kunyeganyega gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka kumyitozo yawe.

Komeza umusozi na base

Menya neza ko imashini yawe iri hejuru, iringaniye. Kenyera ibisate byose hamwe namasahani. Ushobora no gutekereza gukoresha materi cyangwa kunyeganyega kugirango uhagarike urufatiro kurushaho, cyane cyane mubidukikije bihindagurika cyane nk'amaduka y'ibyuma.

Irinde Gukama Kuma kuri Max RPM

Irinde kuzunguruka uruziga kuri RPM yo hejuru cyane nta mutwaro mugihe kinini. Niba ukora ikizamini, komeza muri make kandi ukurikirane ibintu bidasanzwe. Niba kunyeganyega bibaho gusa kumuvuduko runaka, gabanya intera ya RPM kugeza ikibazo gikemutse.

Koresha ibikoresho byo gukurikirana Vibration

Sisitemu igezweho ya spindle igufasha gukoresha moteri yihuta cyangwa software ikurikirana. Ibi bikoresho bikurikirana imigendekere yinyeganyeza kandi bikumenyesha mugihe urwego rurenze urwego rwumutekano. Ibi bifasha gufata ibibazo hakiri kare mbere yuko biba ibyago.

Kunyeganyega birenze urugero ntabwo ari bibi gusa - ni ikimenyetso. Imashini, nkabantu, bakubwira igihe hari ibitagenda neza niba uzi kumva. Amayeri ntabwo ari ukuvura ibimenyetso ahubwo ni uguhiga no gukosora icyabiteye. Byaba ibikoresho bidakwiriye, ibintu bibi, cyangwa kudahuza, gukemura ikibazo cya vibrasiya ya spindle hakiri kare ntibizagukiza gusa gusanwa bihenze ahubwo bizongerera ubuzima imashini ya CNC kandi bitezimbere akazi kose kava kumeza yawe.

3. Urusaku rudasanzwe

Urusaku rudasanzwe ruva muri moteri yawe ya CNC spindle ntigomba na rimwe kwirengagizwa. Nibikoresho bya mashini bihwanye no gutabaza. Byaba ari urusaku rwinshi, urusyo rusya, cyangwa ijwi rikomanga, urusaku rwose rurimo kukubwira ikintu cyihariye kijyanye nibitagenda neza muri spindle yawe. Gufata aya majwi hakiri kare birashobora gusobanura itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusimbuza ibintu byoroshye no kongera moteri yuzuye.

Inkomoko y'urusaku

Kwambara

Abagizi ba nabi cyane inyuma y urusaku rwinshi bambara cyangwa bananiwe. Mugihe ibyangiritse bigenda byangirika, kuzenguruka neza kwa shitingi irabangamiwe. Ibi bitera urusaku rwinshi kuva humming kugeza gusya kugeza gukanda. Uko bambara cyane, urusaku rwinshi kandi rukarishye.

Imipira irashobora kubyara urusaku rwinshi, mugihe uruziga rukunda gukora amajwi yimbitse, avuza induru iyo atangiye kugenda nabi.

Igikoresho Cyirekuye cyangwa kidahwitse

Niba igikoresho cyawe cyo gukata cyangwa icyegeranyo kidafite umutekano neza, kirashobora gutombora uruziga cyangwa urusenda. Ibi mubisanzwe bivamo urusaku rwo kuganira cyangwa kunyeganyega, cyane cyane kuri RPM yo hejuru. Ijwi rishobora kuza no kugenda, ukurikije umutwaro n'umuvuduko.

Ibibazo by'amashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi adahuye muri moteri ya spindle - nk'imihindagurikire idahwitse cyangwa imigezi idahuye - irashobora gutera urusaku cyangwa urusaku. Irashobora kumvikana mbere, ariko mugihe kirenze, moteri irashobora gutangira gusohora hum itandukana cyane munsi yumutwaro.

Ibikoresho byanduye cyangwa imyanda y'imbere

Umukungugu, gukonjesha, hamwe nuduce duto twicyuma akenshi usanga twinjira muri moteri ya spindle niba kashe yangiritse cyangwa kuyungurura ntibigumane. Uku kwanduza guhungabanya imiyoboro kandi bigatera gusiba bidasanzwe cyangwa gufata amajwi.

Irasa n'umucanga muri gare - iteye ubwoba, idateganijwe, kandi amaherezo irasenya.

Kuzunguruka kuzunguruka

Igikoresho kigoramye cyangwa igikoresho kitaringaniye gishobora gutera urusaku rwumvikana. Urashobora kumva injyana yinjyana cyangwa amajwi, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kwihuta no kwihuta. Urusaku rusanzwe ruherekezwa no kunyeganyega byoroheje.

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha

Kubizunguruka bikonje, abafana bangiritse barashobora kubyara urusaku rwinshi cyangwa urusyo. Muri sisitemu ikonjesha amazi, pompe yananiranye irashobora kubyara urusaku, gutontoma, cyangwa gukomanga kubera urusaku cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije.

Gukemura Urusaku rwinshi

Kugenzura no gusimbuza ibyuma bidatinze

Iyo wumvise urusaku, ntutegereze - kora iperereza ako kanya. Funga imashini, uhagarike imbaraga, hanyuma uzunguruke intoki. Umva gusya cyangwa kurwanywa.

Niba urusaku rukomeje, simbuza ibyuma bisobanutse neza. Ntiwibagirwe gusukura amazu ya spindle neza kandi ukoreshe amavuta meza yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ajyanye nibisabwa na mashini yawe.

Kwizirika hamwe nigikoresho cyo gusubiramo

Reba icyegeranyo cyawe nigikoresho kugirango gikwiranye. Niba ubona kwambara cyangwa guhindura ibintu, ubisimbuze. Buri gihe ujye usukura ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho bya shank mbere yo kwishyiriraho kugirango umenye neza kandi wirinde kuganira.

Kubikorwa byihuta cyane, koresha ibikoresho byuzuye kugirango ugabanye ingaruka zurusaku ruterwa no kunyeganyega.

Reba Kutubahiriza Amashanyarazi

Koresha software ya Multimeter cyangwa spindle yo gusuzuma kugirango urebe niba voltage igabanuka cyangwa inshuro zidahuye. Menya neza ko igenamiterere rya VFD rihuye neza na spindle. Gukemura ibibazo byose byinsinga cyangwa ibibazo byimpamvu kugirango wirinde urusaku rwamashanyarazi kuba ikibazo kinini.

Sukura Imbere Imbere

Niba ukekwaho kwanduza, kuramo spindle kugirango usukure imbere. Koresha umwuka wugarije, imyenda idafite lint, hamwe na degreaseri ikwiye kugirango ukureho imyanda. Kugenzura kashe na filteri hanyuma ubisimbuze niba byangiritse. Komeza aho ukorera kugirango wirinde ivumbi.

Kuvugurura cyangwa gusimbuza uruziga

Niba ukeka igiti cyunamye, kora ikizamini kirangiye ukoresheje icyerekezo. Gutandukana kwose kwerekana kwerekana kudahuza cyangwa kwangirika kwa shaft. Ukurikije ubukana, spindle kwiyubaka cyangwa gusimburwa birashobora kuba ngombwa.

Kora Sisitemu yo gukonjesha

Kugenzura abafana b'ikirere ibyangiritse no guhanagura imyanda iyo ari yo yose. Simbuza abafana badakora neza cyangwa uzamure utuje, neza. Kuri sisitemu y'amazi, fungura ibicurane bikonje, uve amaraso menshi, hanyuma urebe imikorere ya pompe. Pompe yuzuye urusaku irashobora kwerekana ibimenyetso byananiranye cyangwa guhagarika gufata.

Gukurikirana no Kuzuza amajwi

Koresha metero ya decibel cyangwa isesengura rya acoustic kugirango wandike urusaku rwigihe. Imitwe itunguranye cyangwa imyirondoro mishya yijwi irashobora kuburira hakiri kare. Kubika amajwi ya majwi bifasha kumenya imiterere kandi bigatuma gukemura ibibazo byinshi bishingiye kuri data.

Urusaku ntabwo ari ikibazo gusa - ni uburyo bwa spindle yawe yo kuvuga, 'Hey, hari ibitagenda neza. ' Byaba hum byoroshye cyangwa urusaku rwinshi, amajwi yose atwara ubutumwa. Gutega amatwi witonze, gukora vuba, no kubungabunga imashini yawe ubishaka birashobora gucecekesha ibirego bya spindle kandi bigatuma ibikorwa bya CNC bigenda neza kandi bitanga umusaruro. Wibuke, spindle ituje ni spindle nzima.

4. Kuzunguruka Kudahinduka

Umuzunguruko utazahinduka ni nk'imodoka itazatangira - yapfiriye mu mazi kandi ihagarika umusaruro wose. Iyo moteri yawe ya CNC yanze kuzunguruka, irashobora kumva ko ari ikibazo, cyane cyane mugihe cyo gukora cyangwa akazi gakomeye. Ariko ntugahagarike umutima. Icyangombwa ni ugukomeza gahunda. Hariho impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho, kandi inyinshi murizo zirakosorwa hamwe nuburyo bwumvikana no kwihangana gake.

Impamvu zishobora kubaho

Ibibazo byo gutanga amashanyarazi

Ibi akenshi nibyambere kandi bigaragara cyane ukekwaho icyaha. Niba moteri ya spindle itakira imbaraga ziva muri VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) cyangwa umugenzuzi mukuru, ntishobora kuzunguruka. Bishobora guterwa no kumeneka, gukubitwa, cyangwa insinga y'amashanyarazi idakabije.

Imihindagurikire yimbaraga cyangwa kwiyongera birashobora kandi kwangiza ibice byimbere, biganisha kuri kudakora neza.

Amakosa ya VFD

VFD ikora nkubwonko bwa moteri yawe ya spindle. Niba idateguwe neza cyangwa niba igenamiterere ryayo ryahinduwe kubwimpanuka, birashobora kunanirwa kohereza ibimenyetso byukuri kugirango utangire moteri.

Ibi birimo ibibazo nkinshuro zitari zo, indangamuntu idahuye, cyangwa umutekano ufunze.

Guhagarika byihutirwa

Uzatangazwa ninshuro buto yo guhagarika byihutirwa iracyakora, igabanya ingufu kuri moteri. Biroroshye kwirengagiza, cyane cyane niba abakoresha benshi babigizemo uruhare.

Gukoresha insinga cyangwa guhuza amakosa

Ibyangiritse, byacitse, cyangwa birekuye hagati ya VFD, akanama gashinzwe kugenzura, hamwe na spindle ubwayo irashobora guhagarika ibimenyetso bitemba. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umuhuza watwitswe cyangwa amavunja yamenetse arashobora guhagarika bucece kugera kuri moteri.

Imbere ya Spindle Imodoka Kunanirwa

Niba spindle yarakorewe ubushyuhe bwinshi, kwinjiza amazi, cyangwa kwangirika kwa mashini, ibice byimbere nka guhinduranya cyangwa guswera (niba bishoboka) birashobora kwangirika birenze imikorere.

Porogaramu cyangwa Umugenzuzi Glitch

Porogaramu igenzura CNC irashobora rimwe na rimwe guhagarika, kuvugana nabi, cyangwa kunanirwa gutangiza spindle kubera amakosa, dosiye zangiritse, cyangwa amakimbirane ya software.

Ikosa cyangwa Umuhuza

Niba relay ishinzwe guha ingufu umuzenguruko wa spindle yananiwe, moteri yawe ntizakira itegeko 'genda '. Ibi bikunze kubaho imyaka cyangwa nyuma yububasha bwiyongera.

Intambwe zo Gukemura

Reba ibyihutirwa bihagarare hamwe nu mutekano uhinduka

Emeza ko guhagarika byihutirwa bidasezeranye kandi ko umutekano wose uhagije. Ongera uhindure niba bikenewe hanyuma ugenzure uko bahagaze kumwanya wa CNC.

Gerageza Amashanyarazi

Koresha multimeter kugirango ugerageze voltage ije muri VFD. Menya neza ko imbaraga zihamye kandi murwego rusabwa. Niba fuse cyangwa breaker yikubye, menya kandi ukosore intandaro mbere yo kuyisubiramo.

Kugenzura ibipimo bya VFD

Injira kuri menu ya VFD hanyuma ugenzure kabiri ibipimo byose bijyanye no gutangira moteri, inshuro, igihe cyihuta, no kurinda birenze urugero. Ongera usubize mumuganda niba bikenewe hanyuma usubiremo porogaramu uhereye kumiterere yinyuma.

Shakisha Kode Yamakosa

Abagenzuzi benshi ba VFD na CNC bazerekana kode yamakosa cyangwa ubutumwa bwamakosa. Iyi code ni zahabu yo gusuzuma. Reba mu gitabo gikora kugirango ukore amakosa kandi ufate ingamba ukurikije.

Kugenzura insinga n'abahuza

Reba neza amashanyarazi yose hamwe ninsinga zerekana ibyangiritse. Shyira gahoro gahoro kugirango uhuze kugirango ugenzure. Reba ibimenyetso byaka, kubora, cyangwa gutandukana. Simbuza cyangwa wongere umutekano nkuko bikenewe.

Kuzenguruka intoki

Hamwe nimbaraga za OFF, gerageza kuzunguruka uruziga rwa spindle ukoresheje intoki (gusa niba ari byiza kubikora). Niba ifunze cyangwa ikumva idakabije, irashobora kuba imashini cyangwa gutsindwa. Niba izunguruka mu bwisanzure, ikibazo gishobora kuba amashanyarazi.

Bypass and Isolate

Kugira ngo ukemure ikibazo, gerageza gukoresha moteri iturutse kuri VFD ukoresheje uburyo bwo kugenzura intoki (niba bihari). Niba moteri ikora intoki ariko itanyuze kuri CNC mugenzuzi, ikibazo kiri mugenzuzi cyangwa G-code.

Kugenzura Ibigize Imbere

Niba ibindi byose binaniwe, gusenya moteri (cyangwa ufite umutekinisiye ubikora) kugirango ugenzure imirongo, rotor, hamwe nizunguruka ryimbere. Shakisha ibimenyetso byubushyuhe, kwambara, cyangwa kwangirika kwamazi.

Kuvugurura cyangwa gusubiramo porogaramu igenzura

Niba umugenzuzi akora ibintu bitateganijwe, ongera usubiremo cyangwa uvugurure software ya CNC hamwe na software. Menya neza ko igenamigambi ryose ryitumanaho (ibyambu bya COM, igipimo cya baud, nibindi) byashyizweho neza.

Hamagara Umunyamwuga

Niba waranyuze mu ntambwe zose kandi ukaba udashobora kumenya ikibazo, hashobora kuba igihe cyo guhamagara umutekinisiye wo gusana spindle cyangwa kohereza igice mukigo cya serivisi cyemewe.

Umuzunguruko utazunguruka ntabwo ari imperuka yisi - ariko bisaba ko ubitaho byuzuye. Niba ikibazo ari amashanyarazi, ubukanishi, cyangwa software bijyanye, uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo burashobora kugusubiza kumurongo nta gihe kinini cyo gukora. Wibuke, imashini yawe ya CNC ni sisitemu, kandi spindle ni igice kimwe (gikomeye). Uyifate neza, kandi izagarura ubutoni.

5. Kwishura ibyangiritse

Imyambarire nintwari zitavuzwe za moteri yawe ya CNC. Bituma uruziga ruzunguruka neza, rugakora imitwaro myinshi, kandi rukurura ihungabana mugihe cyo gutema. Ariko iyo batangiye kunanirwa, ibintu byose bimanuka vuba. Kwangiza ibyangiritse ntabwo bituma uruziga rwawe rusakuza cyangwa runyeganyega - birashobora guhungabanya neza neza, kwangiza ibikoresho byawe, ndetse no gusenya uruziga niba bidasuzumwe. Noneho, reka ducukumbure uburyo bwo kumenya ibi bibazo hakiri kare nicyo wakora kugirango wirinde cyangwa ubisane.

Ibimenyetso byo Kwishura Ibibazo

Urusaku rudasanzwe

Kimwe mu bimenyetso byambere byerekana ibibazo ni urusaku. Ijwi risakuza, ryinuba, cyangwa risya ryiyongera cyane n'umuvuduko mubisanzwe bivuze ko ibyuma byawe bishaje.

Tekereza nk'uruziga rufite utubuto duto duto - ku muvuduko muke birasa nkaho ari byiza, ariko uko ugenda vuba, niko bigenda byiyongera.

Kwiyongera kunyeganyega

Imyitwarire mibi itera ubusumbane muri shitingi. Urashobora kubona imashini yawe itangiye kunyeganyega cyangwa kunyeganyega kurenza ibisanzwe, cyane cyane mugihe cyihuta cyangwa gukata cyane.

Uku kunyeganyega ntabwo bigira ingaruka kuri moteri gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku kugabanuka kwawe no kumara igihe cyibikoresho byawe.

Ubushyuhe bukabije

Ibikoresho byangiritse byongera ubushyamirane imbere ya moteri. Uku kwiyongera kwubushuhe ntigushobora gukurura impuruza mbere ariko amaherezo bizatera ubushyuhe bukabije no guhagarika niba birengagijwe.

Ubuso budahuye

Kunanirwa kunanirwa ntibishobora gufata uruziga ruhagaze neza, rushobora gutera ibimenyetso byo kuganira cyangwa guhindagurika kumurimo wawe urangiye. Uzabona ibidahuye mubigomba kuba byoroshye, gukata neza.

Ibibazo Byarangiye

Niba upimye kurangiza (gutandukana kuzunguruka neza) ukoresheje icyerekezo hanyuma ukabona ko cyiyongera mugihe, icyo ni ikimenyetso cyerekana ko ibyuma byawe bitangiye kunanirwa.

Intoki Zizunguruka Zumva Zikomeye

Zimya imashini yawe hanyuma ugerageze kuzunguza intoki. Niba wumva bikabije, bikabije, cyangwa bidahuye, birashoboka ko ugomba kwitabwaho.

Gusana no gukumira

Simbuza ibyuma ku gihe

Niba ukeka ko byangiritse, ntutinde. Gukomeza gukoresha spindle birashobora gutuma utanga amanota, kwangirika kwamazu, cyangwa no gufatwa byuzuye. Tegeka ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, uwabikoze-asabwa gusimburwa.

Imyitozo ya spindle yuzuye irabanjirijwe kandi ihuye. Menya neza ko abasimbuye bashyizweho hamwe na torque ikwiye kandi igahuza.

Koresha Ibikoresho Byukuri byo Gusimbuza

Kubyara gusimburwa nakazi keza. Gukoresha imashini zitari nziza cyangwa inyundo zirashobora kuzunguruka cyangwa kwangiza inzu. Niba udashidikanya, nibyiza ko itangwa nikigo cyumwuga cyo gusana spindle.

Komeza imyenda isukuye

Ibihumanya nk'umukungugu, ibicurane, hamwe nicyuma gishobora kwinjira mu nzu yawe ya spindle niba kashe yangiritse. Ibi bitera kwambara imburagihe no gutsindwa. Komeza agace ka spindle kandi usimbuze kashe ku kimenyetso cya mbere cyo kumeneka cyangwa kumeneka.

Gusiga neza

Spindles zimwe zikoresha amavuta yuzuye amavuta, mugihe izindi zikoresha amavuta yo gusiga amavuta. Witondere gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wakozwe kubwoko nintera yo gusiga. Byinshi cyangwa bike cyane birashobora guteza ibyangiritse.

Irinde kurenza urugero

Guma mumuzigo wa spindle n'umuvuduko ntarengwa. Kurenza urugero kuri spindle mugihe cyo gukata cyane cyangwa kuyisunika kurenza igipimo cyayo cya RPM irashobora gushimangira. Koresha ingamba zo guca neza hamwe nibikoresho kugirango ugabanye ibibazo bitari ngombwa.

Gukurikirana ubuzima bwiza

Koresha ibikoresho byo gusesengura vibrasiya cyangwa ibyuma byerekana ubushyuhe kugirango ukurikirane imiterere ya spindle mugihe nyacyo. Gufata ibibazo byihuse hakiri kare bivuze ko ushobora guteganya kubungabunga aho guhangana nugusenyuka mugihe cyakazi.

Gira ubukonje nyuma yo kwiruka birebire

Niba ukoresha spindle kumuvuduko mwinshi mugihe kirekire, reka reka gukora kuri RPM yo hepfo muminota mike mbere yo kuzimya. Ibi bifasha ibyuma bikonja buhoro buhoro, birinda ihungabana ryumuriro kandi bikongera ubuzima bwabo.

Buri mwaka Kugenzura

Gira akamenyero ko gukora igenzura ryuzuye rimwe mumwaka. Shakisha ibimenyetso byerekana kwambara, gusiga amavuta nkuko bikenewe, hanyuma upime ibura. Kwirinda bihendutse cyane kuruta gusana byihutirwa.

Kwangiza ibyangiritse bishobora gutangira bito, ariko ntibigumaho. Igihe kirekire wirengagije ibimenyetso, niko ibyangiritse bigenda byiyongera - kandi niko fagitire yo gusana izamuka. Ariko hamwe nubwitonzi bukwiye, kugenzura buri gihe, hamwe nigikorwa gikwiye, urashobora kwagura ubuzima bwimyenda ya spindle kandi ugakomeza imashini ya CNC igabanya isuku kandi ikora neza mumyaka iri imbere.

6. Igenamiterere ritari ryo

Mugihe muganira kuri CNC spindle ibibazo bya moteri, ntanumwe ushobora gusa nkudasobanutse nyamara nkibyingenzi nkibisobanuro bitari byo. Inverter, izwi kandi nka Variable Frequency Drive (VFD), igenzura umuvuduko wa spindle, torque, hamwe no guhagarara neza. Fata ibishushanyo byayo nabi, kandi urashobora guhura nibibazo - uhereye kumikorere idahwitse kugeza ibyangiritse bidasubirwaho. Reka twibire mu ngaruka za inverters zitagizwe neza nuburyo bwo kuzihuza neza kugirango spindle yawe ikore neza kandi neza.

Ingaruka zo Gushiraho nabi

Umuvuduko udasanzwe

Ibipimo bibi bya VFD birashobora gutuma spindle igenda hagati yumuvuduko, kunyeganyega, cyangwa no kunanirwa kugera kuri RPM yashyizweho. Ibyo birashobora kuvamo gukata kudahuye, hejuru yubuso burangiye, no kwambara ibikoresho bitunguranye.

Ubushyuhe bukabije

Igenamiterere rya inverter rigenga kwihuta no kwihuta bigira ingaruka kuri none yashushanijwe na spindle. Kwihutisha inzira hamwe nihuta byihuse birashobora kurenza moteri, kongera umuvuduko, no kubyara ubushyuhe burenze - byose nta nteguza.

Torque Kudahuza

V / F idakwiye (volt-kuri-hertz) umurongo, kongera umuriro, cyangwa igenamigambi rirenze bishobora gutera itara ridahinduka. Ibi bivuze ko spindle ishobora guhagarara mugihe cyo gukata cyane cyangwa gukora hamwe na torque idakora neza, ikabangamira ubuziranenge bwimashini.

Kode & Ingendo

Ibipimo bya moteri bidahuye birashobora gukurura impuruza cyangwa guhagarika. Gutandukana nubushyuhe bwa spindle cyangwa ibipimo bigezweho bituma VFD igenda hamwe na code zamakosa nka OC (Kurenza-amashanyarazi), OL (Kurenza), cyangwa OT (Ubushyuhe burenze).

Imiterere ya moteri

Igenamiterere rya VFD ritari ryo rishobora kumenyekanisha moteri ya moteri, hums yumvikana, cyangwa kunyeganyega. Mu bihe bibi cyane, birashobora gushimisha mu buryo budakwiye imirongo imwe ihuza - kwihutisha kwambara ku bikoresho cyangwa ibice byubaka.

Kugabanya Kubyara Ubuzima

Kwihuta nabi cyangwa kwihuta kwimyirondoro hamwe ningendo za moteri zidahinduka biganisha ku guhangayika. Hamwe ningaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe, ibi bigabanya cyane igihe cyo kubaho kandi birashobora no kwangiza kashe na shitingi.

Ingufu nke

Ibishushanyo mbonera bya suboptimal birashobora gutuma ingufu zikoreshwa zidatanga umusaruro ugereranije. Ibi ntibitesha ingufu gusa ahubwo birashobora gukora cyane sisitemu yo gukonjesha.

Gukosora Inverter Iboneza

Huza Ibisobanuro bya moteri

Shiraho amakuru yibanze ya moteri - voltage, ikigezweho, imbaraga, inshuro, hamwe na RPM yagenwe - ukurikije izina rya spindle. Emeza indangamuntu ya moteri (ikunze kuboneka munsi ya 'PID ' cyangwa 'MTR ') ihuye nicyitegererezo cyateganijwe.

Shiraho umurongo wa V / F neza

Niba spindle yawe ikoresha uburyo busanzwe bwa Voltage / Frequency mode, andika umwirondoro wa V / F muburyo bwa VFD. Ibi byemeza ko torque ikomeza kuba umurongo kandi itajegajega kugeza kumuvuduko ntarengwa utiriwe ushimangira moteri.

Hindura Kwihuta / Kwihuta

Irinde gushiraho ibihe bikabije. Umuhengeri muremure (amasegonda 1-3) ugabanya imihangayiko kubitwara kandi wirinda imitwe iriho. Mu buryo bumwe, umuvuduko wo kwihuta ugomba gukumira kugabanuka gutunguranye kwamashanyarazi no gushishikariza gutinda kugenzurwa.

Gushoboza Kurinda Ubushyuhe bukabije

Shiraho ibipimo byubushyuhe bwo kurinda ubushyuhe cyangwa munsi gato yubushyuhe bwa spindle (urugero, 80-90 ° C). Ibi bituma VFD isubiza mbere yuko ibyangiritse bibaho, bikagabanya kunanirwa nubushyuhe.

Koresha Torque Boost cyangwa Imipaka igezweho

Mugihe kiremereye cyane, kugena ibipimo-byongera imbaraga bifasha gukomeza imikorere ihamye. Na none, imipaka iriho igomba gushyirwaho hejuru yurwego rusanzwe rwimikorere kugirango irinde imitwe gukandagira sisitemu.

Koresha Iyinjiza Iyungurura

VFD nyinshi zitanga igenamiterere ryo gushungura ibimenyetso byinjira kugirango bigabanye urusaku no guhuza ibikorwa. Gukoresha aya mahitamo byongera moteri kandi bikarinda amakosa yibeshya.

Koresha Auto-Tuning cyangwa Encoder Ibitekerezo

Niba bihari, koresha uburyo bwa VFD bwo guhuza-auto-tuning kugirango uhuze neza na kodegisi ya spindle cyangwa ibitekerezo bya sensor. Ibi byorohereza kugenzura neza neza kandi bigabanya kunyeganyega cyangwa kugendagenda kwa RPM idahindagurika.

Injira kandi usesengure ibyabaye VFD

Gushoboza ibyabaye kugirango ukurikirane ingendo, impanuka, no gutandukana. Disiki nyinshi zigezweho zemerera USB cyangwa Ethernet kohereza hanze amakosa yo gusesengura. Koresha aya makuru kugirango uhuze neza igenamiterere mugihe.

Kuvugurura Firmware Mubisanzwe

Abakora VFD bakunze gusohora ivugurura rya software kugirango batezimbere imikorere, bakosore amakosa, cyangwa bongereho ibintu birinda. Reba ibishya buri gihe kandi ubishyiremo ubwitonzi.

Baza ibyakozwe n'ababikora

Imfashanyigisho ya VFD na spindle OEM itanga umurongo ngenderwaho hamwe nibisabwa. Bakunze gushiramo imyiteguro-yo-gukoresha ibipimo bipakiye kuri buri cyitegererezo. Buri gihe ushyire mubikorwa nkibi shingiro-ntuzigere uba wenyine.

Igenamiterere ridahwitse ni nko kubwira umukinnyi ukora cyane kwiruka kumaguru kamwe - spindle yawe irashobora kurenza imipaka yayo cyangwa idakora neza. Mugushiraho VFD yawe neza kandi ureba kure, uremeza ko umuvuduko wa spindle, gutanga umuriro, hamwe no kurinda moteri byose bikora mubwumvikane. Ibi ntibibungabunga ubuzima bwibikoresho gusa ahubwo binatanga ibisubizo byisubiramo, byujuje ubuziranenge.

7. Kurekura Bolt cyangwa Kudahuza

Guhindagurika no kudahuza muri sisitemu ya spindle ya CNC birasa nkibibazo bito - ariko birashobora gukina urubura mubibazo bikomeye byimikorere iyo bidakemuwe. Izi nenge za mashini zirashobora kuganisha ku kunyeganyega, kugabanuka kudahuye, kwambara imburagihe kubice, ndetse nibikorwa bikora nabi. Abakanishi benshi birengagiza ibyo bibazo, cyane cyane mugihe cyihuta cyane, ariko kugenzura buri gihe no guhuza neza ni ngombwa kugirango uburinganire bwuzuye kandi bukorwe neza.

Ingaruka Zibigize

Kwiyongera kunyeganyega

Bolt irekuye - haba kuri spindle mount, amazu ya moteri, cyangwa gutwara Z-axis - guhungabanya guhuza imashini ya sisitemu ya CNC. Ibi bivamo ihungabana mugihe cyo gukata, gukora inzira zidahuye inzira hamwe nibibazo byo kurangiza.

Kurenza gukina cyangwa kurekura muri sisitemu, niko amplitude yo kunyeganyega. Ibi ntabwo byangiza spindle yawe gusa ahubwo binashimangira ibikoresho byawe byo gukata nubuyobozi.

Imashini idahwitse

Kudahuza uruziga - cyane cyane iyo bidafite kare ku buriri cyangwa bigereranye n'amashoka - bizatera igikoresho cyawe guca ku mpande zitateganijwe. Ibi biganisha ku bipimo bidahwitse, ibice byafashwe, hamwe no gutandukanya ibikoresho.

Ndetse na milimetero yo gutandukana irashobora guhindura akazi neza mubyuma bishaje cyangwa ibiti byangiritse.

Kwambara Kwihuta

Iyo ibice bidafatanye kandi bihujwe, ibice nkumurongo utambitse, imigozi iyobora, hamwe nizunguruka bizunguruka imitwaro itaringaniye. Ibi biganisha ku kwangirika imburagihe, bisaba kubungabungwa kenshi cyangwa kubisimbuza.

Spindle Shaft Stress

Imyenda idahwitse ishyira igitutu cyuruziga mugihe cyo kuzunguruka, byongera umutwaro kuri moteri na moteri ubwayo. Iyi mihangayiko igabanya ubuzima buzunguruka, itera ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse irashobora no kugonda igiti mugihe gikomeye.

Ibyago byumutekano

Ibice bitakaye birashobora gutombora mugihe cyo gukora, kandi mubihe bibi, gutandukana rwose. Kuzunguruka kuzunguruka kumeneka kuri 18.000 RPM birashobora kwangiza imashini kandi bikagira ingaruka zikomeye kubakoresha.

Gukomera no Guhuza Inama

Koresha Umuyoboro wa Torque kuri Byingenzi

Kwizirika kumurongo hamwe no gushiraho imitwe bigomba gushyirwa kumurongo wabigenewe. Kurenza urugero birashobora gutobora ibice, mugihe kutagabanuka biganisha ku kunyeganyega no kugenda.

Reba Kwizirika buri gihe

Kora gahunda yo kubungabunga kugirango ugenzure kandi wongere ushimangire Bolt buri cyumweru cyangwa ukwezi, ukurikije imikoreshereze yimashini. Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe, kunyeganyega, hamwe nibikoresho byahinduwe birashobora guhinduka buhoro buhoro ndetse byizewe neza.

Koresha Ifunga Ifunga Mugihe Bikwiye

Kubidahoraho ariko bikomeye, koresha imbaraga-ziciriritse zifunga (urugero, Ubururu bwa Lokitite). Ibi bifasha kurinda bolts kunyeganyega mugihe bikomeje kwemerwa ejo hazaza.

Huza Spindle kuburiri bwimashini

Koresha ibipimo byerekana ikizamini (DTI) kugirango upime tramming hamwe nuburinganire bwa spindle. Kugirango uhuze, shyira DTI kuri spindle hanyuma uzenguruke hejuru yubuso buzwi-buringaniye. Itandukaniro iryo ariryo ryose ryerekana kugoreka cyangwa kudahuza.

Kuringaniza gutambitse, reba niba spindle ihwanye na gantry cyangwa umurongo wa axis. Koresha impande zigororotse, imashini ya mashini, hamwe nibisobanuro byuzuye kugirango uhuze.

Shim kandi Uhindure witonze

Niba guhuza kuzimye, koresha shimike isobanutse kugirango uhindure uburebure bwa spindle. Kuramo umusozi gato, shyiramo ububiko bwa shim, hanyuma ukomeze buhoro buhoro mugihe usubiramo guhuza. Fata umwanya wawe - kwihuta birashobora kwangiza nabi.

Kuringaniza Imashini yose ya CNC

Rimwe na rimwe, ibibazo byo guhuza bituruka kumurongo udasobanutse. Koresha urwego rwumukanishi kugirango umenye neza ko ikadiri ya CNC iringaniye kandi ishyigikiwe neza. Kuringaniza kutaringaniye birashobora gutera ubwoko bwose bwo gukurikirana no gukandagira.

Umutekano Z-Axis Ibigize

Ntiwibagirwe kugenzura Z-axis - cyane cyane kuyobora imiyoboro, guhuza, hamwe na moteri ya moteri. Ibi bice bifata imbaraga nyinshi mugihe gihagaritse kandi akenshi nibyambere mugutezimbere.

Reba kuri Gantry Racking

Kuri gantry-yuburyo bwa CNCs, impagarara zingana cyangwa gariyamoshi idahwitse irashobora gutera uruhande rumwe rwa gantry kuyobora cyangwa gutinda. Ibi bivamo gukata diagonal cyangwa imiterere igoretse. Koresha ibipimo bya diagonal na kare kugirango wemeze impande zombi zahujwe.

Guhindura inyandiko

Igihe icyo ari cyo cyose uhinduye cyangwa uhuza spindle, andika ibipimo nibikorwa. Ibi bituma ejo hazaza hakemurwa ibibazo kandi bigafasha gukurikirana buhoro buhoro bishobora kwerekana ibibazo byimiterere mugihe.

Bolt ifatanye hamwe na spindle ihujwe neza ni ishingiro rya CNC neza. Birashobora gusa nkibintu bito, ariko ibyuma bidakabije hamwe nu mpinduramatwara akenshi usanga ari nyirabayazana wihishe inyuma yo kuganira, ibikoresho byangiritse, no kunanirwa kwimashini. Mugutanga iminota mike buri gihe kugirango ushimangire kandi uhuze ibyo washyizeho, uzigama amasaha yo gukora hamwe namajana yo kwishyura - kandi ugakomeza sisitemu ya CNC ikora neza kandi neza.

8. Kugabanya umukandara

Imashini za CNC zikoresha moteri ya spindle itwarwa n'umukandara, guhagarika umukandara bigira uruhare runini mugukomeza guhererekanya amashanyarazi hamwe no kuzenguruka neza. Iyo imikandara irekuye - ikibazo kizwi nko gutembera umukandara - biganisha ku kunyerera, kudahuza umuvuduko, ndetse no kunanirwa kuzunguruka niba kwirengagijwe igihe kirekire. Bitandukanye na sisitemu itaziguye, gushiraho umukandara bisaba kugenzura buri gihe no kubungabunga kugirango ukomeze kwizerwa kandi neza.

Impamvu umukandara urekuye

Umukandara Kamere Kurambura Igihe

Nkibintu byose byoroshye, umukandara ukunda kurambura hamwe no gukoresha igihe kirekire. Imikandara ya reberi cyangwa polyurethane itakaza impagarara gahoro gahoro, cyane cyane murwego rwo hejuru-RPM cyangwa amashanyarazi menshi. Nkuko umukandara wambara kandi urambuye, ntushobora kongera gufata imitsi cyane, bigatera kunyerera mugihe cyo gukora.

Kwagura Ubushyuhe no Kwikuramo

Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe mumahugurwa irashobora kugira ingaruka muburyo bwihuse. Ubushyuhe butera umukandara kwaguka, kugabanya gufata. Kuruhande rwa flip, ibidukikije bikonje bituma umukandara ugabanuka, bishobora kongera impagarara mugihe gito ariko byihuta kwambara.

Kwishyiriraho nabi cyangwa guhagarika umutima

Umukandara washyizweho nta mpagarara zikwiye kuva utangiye byanze bikunze gucogora hakiri kare. Abakoresha bashya bakunze gukenyera imikandara 'nukumva, ' biganisha ku kudahuza. Gukabya gukabya ni bibi, gushira imbaraga kuri spindle hamwe na pulley.

Imyenda yambarwa cyangwa idahwitse

Niba ibinyabiziga bitwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bifite moteri bidahuye, bigira ingufu zingana kumukandara, bigatuma byambara vuba kandi bikanyerera. Uku kudahuza kuganisha ku kayira kegereye umuhanda, gucika intege, amaherezo, ubunebwe.

Kubura ubugenzuzi busanzwe

Benshi mubafite imashini bibagirwa gusa kugenzura umukandara murwego rwo kubungabunga. Kuberako imikandara ikunze gufungwa, ikibazo ntigaragara kugeza igihe kigira ingaruka kumikorere.

Kwanduza no Kumurika Amavuta

Guhura n'ibicu, amavuta, cyangwa imyanda iduka bigabanya ibikoresho byumukandara. Ubuso burashobora kunyerera, kugabanya guterana no kugabanya sisitemu yo gutwara nubwo mugihe ubukanishi busa nkukuri.

Gukemura umukandara

Kugenzura Impagarara

Kugenzura impagarara zumukandara mugihe gisanzwe - buri cyumweru kugirango ukoreshwe cyane cyangwa ukwezi kumashini zoroheje. Ugomba kuba ushobora gukanda umukandara nka 1/4 santimetero (6 mm) hamwe nigitutu giciriritse, ariko burigihe ukurikiza amabwiriza yabakozwe kumashini yawe yihariye.

Tekereza gukoresha umukandara wo gupima kugirango usome neza, cyane cyane niba ibisobanuro ari ngombwa mubikorwa byawe.

Ongera uhagarike umutima kandi uhindure

Kugirango ugarure impagarara zikwiye, fungura moteri ya moteri, uhindure umwanya wa moteri kugirango wongere ukenye umukandara, hanyuma ufunge ibimera mumwanya. Kora ibintu bito hanyuma usubiremo kenshi kugirango wirinde kurenza urugero.

Simbuza umukandara wambaye

Niba umukandara werekana ibimenyetso byo guturika, gucika intege, kurabagirana, cyangwa guhindura, hita ubisimbuza ako kanya. Umukandara wambaye ntushobora gufata impagarara neza nubwo wongeye gukomera. Buri gihe usimbuze umukandara wo murwego rwohejuru, uhuza - ubundi buryo buhendutse bushobora kurambura vuba cyangwa kunyerera munsi yumutwaro.

Komeza umukandara kandi wume

Koresha umwenda wumye cyangwa umuyaga uhumeka kugirango ukure umukungugu hamwe n imyanda kumukandara na pulleys. Niba umukandara wahuye namavuta cyangwa gukonjesha, uhanagure neza cyangwa usimbuze niba wanduye.

Irinde gukoresha umukandara cyangwa kuvura imiti keretse byemejwe neza nuwabikoze.

Huza Pulleys Witonze

Impanuka zidahwitse zishimangira umukandara utaringaniye. Koresha impande zigororotse cyangwa igikoresho cyo guhuza laser kugirango umenye moteri na spindle pulleys bihujwe neza. Kudahuza ntibizatera ubunebwe gusa ahubwo birashobora no gutuma umukandara ukurikirana hanze.

Reba Imiterere ya Pulley

Kugenzura impanuka zo kwambara, kwangirika, cyangwa kwangirika. Pulley ifite ibishishwa byambaye ntibishobora gufata umukandara neza, nubwo waba ubikora gute. Simbuza impanuka zangiritse mugihe cyo gusimbuza umukandara kugirango wirinde ibibazo byongeye.

Kuzamura hejuru-nziza cyangwa umukandara ushimangiwe

Kubisaba gusaba, tekereza gukoresha imikandara ishimangira igihe (nk'icyuma-cyuma cyangwa ubwoko bwa fiberglass-core). Iyi mikandara irambura igihe kandi ikagumya guhagarika umutima neza, bigatuma iba nziza kubikorwa bya CNC neza.

Shyiramo umukandara (Niba bishoboka)

Sisitemu zimwe za CNC zemerera kongeramo ibyuma byikora cyangwa amasoko yuzuye umukandara. Ibi bikoresho bikomeza guhora umukandara kandi bikagabanya gukenera intoki. Zifite akamaro cyane mumashini zikora kumitwaro ihindagurika kandi yihuta.

Kurikirana imikorere nyuma yo guhinduka

Nyuma yo guhindura cyangwa gusimbuza umukandara, gerageza spindle munsi yumutwaro. Umva amajwi yo gutontoma cyangwa gutontoma - ikimenyetso cyo kunyerera. Gukurikirana ihindagurika rya RPM cyangwa guca ibitagenda neza nkibindi bimenyetso byibibazo.

Kugabanya umukandara ntibishobora kumvikana nkibintu bikomeye - kugeza igihe spindle yawe itangiye kubura intambwe, gukata kwawe kurasa, cyangwa ibikoresho byawe bishaje inshuro ebyiri byihuse. Umukandara utwarwa n'umukandara nibyiza gusa nkuburemere bufite. Fata rero nkumuhuza wingenzi mubikorwa byawe byo gutunganya: kugenzura buri gihe, kuyihagarika neza, no kuyisimbuza mbere yuko ihinduka ikibazo udashobora kwirengagiza.

9. Imiyoboro migufi y'amashanyarazi

Imiyoboro migufi y'amashanyarazi muri sisitemu ya spindle ya CNC nibibazo bikomeye - birashobora guhagarika ako kanya, ibikoresho birinda ingendo, ndetse bikangiza moteri ya spindle, VFD, cyangwa moteri ya vector. Kumenya vuba no gukemura nibyingenzi kugirango wirinde umutekano uhungabana nigihe gito.

Kumenya Imirongo migufi

Impuruza cyangwa Ingendo

Igenzura rya CNC na VFDs (cyangwa ibinyabiziga bya vector) bikunze kwerekana ibibazo hamwe na kode yamakosa nka SPINDLE DRIVE YANANIWE  CYANGWA CINCUIT YAKORESHEJWE (Alarm 993) . Aya makosa mubisanzwe yerekana icyiciro -cyiciro cyangwa icyiciro-hasi-bigufi, bigatera guhagarika byikora kugirango urinde sisitemu haascnc.com + 4haascnc.com + 4lunyee.com + 4forumu.mikeholt.com.

Bipimwa Kurwanya Kurwanya Hamwe na Multimeter

Hagarika spindle muri disiki hanyuma upime guhangana hagati yicyiciro kiyobora (UV, VW, WU) cyangwa hagati ya buri cyiciro nubutaka. Spindle nzima yerekana hejuru cyane (megaohm) cyangwa gusoma imirongo ifunguye; ikintu cyose hafi ya zeru yerekeza kuri make haascnc.com + 1haascnc.com + 1.

Gutwara cyangwa Inama y'Abaminisitiri-Urwego rugufi

Imashini ya vector igezweho izamenya ikabutura imbere kandi itere impuruza. Mubisanzwe bisaba kugenzura kuri terefone (urugero, gupima ubukana hagati ya bisi ya DC nibisohoka moteri, nkuko tubikesha ubuyobozi bwa Haas) haascnc.com.

Kugenzura Amashusho

Ibimenyetso nkicyuma cyirabura cyangwa cyaka, gutwika ibimenyetso kuri connexion, gushonga gushonga, cyangwa guhina insinga zizingiye cyane mubice byimuka birashobora kwerekana inzira ya kabili ngufi. cnczone.com + 4haascnc.com + 4forum.onefinitycnc.com + 4.

Imbarutso ikora

Ikabutura irashobora kugaragara gusa munsi yumutwaro cyangwa mugihe cyo kwagura ubushyuhe - sisitemu irashobora gukora neza kuruhuka ariko urugendo nyuma gato yo gutangira.

Amashanyarazi

Gutandukanya & Kugerageza insinga

Kuraho burundu umugozi kuri moteri hanyuma upime icyiciro -cyiciro na fasi-yubutaka. Mugufi muri kabili bivuze ko igomba gusimburwa haascnc.com.

Kugenzura Terminal & Kwihuza

Kuraho kandi ugenzure abahuza (harimo Delta / Wye abahuza) gutwikwa cyangwa kwangirika. Sukura cyangwa usimbuze ibintu byangiritse pratiquechinist.com + 6haascnc.com + 6reddit.com + 6.

Gupima moteri ya moteri

Hamwe ninsinga za spindle zitandukanijwe kuri moteri, gerageza UV, VW, WU irwanya (igomba kuringanizwa no muri spec, mubisanzwe oms nkeya). Mugufi kugeza hasi bigomba gusoma gufungura. Gutandukana kwose bisobanura gusana moteri cyangwa gusubiza inyuma birakenewe cnczone.com + 7haascnc.com + 7lunyee.com + 7.

Reba ibice bya Vector Drive

Kurikiza protocole yuwakoze kugirango ugerageze ibice byimbere nka regen résistants na bisi ya DC. Kurwanya imbaraga zose kuri chassis, transistors zahinduwe, cyangwa imitwaro ya regen idakwiye byerekana ko gusana cyangwa gusimburwa bisabwa forum.onefinitycnc.com + 3haascnc.com + 3haascnc.com + 3.

Simbuza insinga zangiritse

Niba insinga zerekana kunanirwa cyangwa kwambara birenze urugero, koresha umugozi wo murwego rwohejuru hamwe nugukingira neza hamwe nubutabazi bworoshye.

Ongera uhuze

Nyuma yo gusana, ongera uhuze ibice, imbaraga hejuru, kandi usubiremo ukurwanya. Koresha ibizamini bitaremereye mugihe ukurikirana ihindagurika nubushyuhe mbere yo gukomeza umutwaro wuzuye.

Komeza & Kwirinda

Kugenzura buri gihe insinga n'umuhuza kugirango wambare, ucumita, cyangwa ubushyuhe. Koresha insinga zikingiwe kugirango ugabanye EMI, ukomeze gucunga neza insinga, kandi urebe neza ko uhuza neza.

Impanuro:  Niba sisitemu ikomeje kugenda na nyuma yo gukemura ibibazo bigaragara, hitamo impamvu zishobora kubaho muguhindura by'agateganyo ibice kugirango utandukanye bigufi (urugero, gucomeka moteri, kwirengagiza umuzenguruko wa regen). Intambwe-ku-ntambwe yo kwigunga ifasha kumenya amakosa vuba.

Gukemura ikabutura y'amashanyarazi bidatinze byemeza kuramba no kwizerwa bya CNC spindle na drive. Ntutegereze umwotsi cyangwa ibishashi - kugenzura no kugerageza buri gihe bisobanura gukora neza, gukora neza.

III. Umwanzuro

Moteri ya CNC ya spindle irashobora kumera nkamafarashi akomeye - kandi arahari - ariko ntashobora gutsindwa. Kuguma imbere yibibazo bisanzwe nko gushyuha, kunyeganyega, cyangwa kudahuza bituma iduka ryawe rikora nkimashini isize amavuta.

Kugenzura buri gihe, gukoresha neza, n'amahugurwa meza bigenda inzira ndende. Fata spindle yawe neza, kandi izagarura ibyiza hamwe nibikorwa bihamye, bihanitse neza.

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V. Ibibazo bijyanye na moteri ya CNC Spindle

1.Ni iki gitera moteri ya CNC izunguruka cyane?

Ubushyuhe bukabije buturuka ku gukonjesha nabi, muyungurura, cyangwa kwiruka ku muvuduko mwinshi igihe kirekire nta kiruhuko.

2. Ni kangahe nkwiye gusiga amavuta moteri yanjye?

Ibyo biterwa nikoreshwa, ariko itegeko rusange ni buri masaha 100–200 kubyihuta byihuta. Buri gihe reba igitabo cya spindle.

3. Igenamiterere rya inverter rishobora kwangiza spindle?

Rwose. Igenamiterere rya voltage cyangwa inshuro nyinshi birashobora gutuma spindle ikora nabi ndetse ikanashyuha cyane cyangwa bikananirana rwose.

4. Ni ikihe kigereranyo cyo kubaho cya CNC kizunguruka?

Hamwe nubwitonzi bukwiye, spindles nyinshi irashobora kumara imyaka 1-3 ikoreshwa bisanzwe, nubwo moderi zohejuru zishobora kugenda igihe kirekire.

5. Nabwirwa n'iki ko imyenda yanjye ya spindle yambarwa?

Umva gutaka cyane, wumve ubushyuhe burenze, cyangwa urebe niba ibyo wagabanije biba bidahwitse.