Gusobanukirwa kwangiza muri spinde moteri

Ese imashini yawe ya CNC ikora urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa gutakaza ubusobanuro? Ubwo buryo bworoshye cyangwa butunguranye bwo hasi bushobora kwerekana ko Saboteur acecetse imbere: Imyenda yangiritse muri moteri yawe ya spindle. Kwangirika kwangiza ntabwo buri gihe biragaragara, ariko nikibazo gikomeye gishobora gutuma umuntu yagabanije ukuri, yiyongereye ku bindi bice, gusana bihenze, cyangwa kunanirwa rwose iyo asizwe.

Muri iki gitabo, tuzaseseke ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kubitero byangiritse muri moteri ya spindle - kubona ibimenyetso byambere kugirango tumenye impamvu zitera imbere. Waba uri umukoresha wa CNC, tekinoroji, cyangwa hobbyist urinda gahunda yawe, aya masoko azagufasha gukomeza kwivuza mu buryo bwo hejuru, kugirango ukore neza kandi ubuzima bwagutse kandi bukange.

Reka tugaragaze iterabwoba ryihishe kandi tugagumane spindle yawe itagira inenge!

Intangiriro Kuri Spindle Moteri

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa spindle moteri?

Intangiriro ya buri moteri ya buri moteri iriho ifishi yerekana - ibice bya firime byamejwe bishyigikira igicucu kizunguruka, gifasha umuvuduko mwinshi, kugenda neza. Ibi bikoresho bigabanya guterana amagambo, bikurura imizigo, no gukomeza guhuza, bigatuma spindement yirukana ibikoresho byo gukata hamwe nibisobanuro bisabwa kugirango ucukure, gusya, no guhindura ibikoresho.

Kwikorera kuza muburyo butandukanye, nkumupira, roller, cyangwa inguni, bihuriye numuvuduko wa spindle, umutwaro, umutwaro, ibisabwa, guhimbantego, cyangwa gufata nabi. Ntakibazo, kwikoreraza bigomba gukora muburyo bukomeye kugirango wirinde kunyeganyega, kubaka ubushyuhe, no kwambara.

TEMERA ko ari ibiziga ku modoka yimikorere myinshi - niba bavutse cyangwa bafata, sisitemu yose irababara. Ibyangiritse byangiritse birashobora gutera amakimbirane arenze, tubi, nibibazo byubushyuhe, bitenganya imikorere ya spindle. Gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kurema ubwoko, gukenera amavuta, kandi ubushobozi buguha impande mugutahura no gukumira ibyangiritse hakiri kare.

Akamaro ko kugira ubuzima muri spindle moteri

Ubwishingizi bwa Spindle yawe bwizewe ku myinga. Iyo kwikorera cyane, ntabwo ari ukuzenguruka gusa; Irashobora gutera ihindagurika, yongerewe kunyeganyega, abakodesha bangirika, gutinda kumusaruro, no kwiyongera.

Ibimenyetso byangiritse byangiritse, nko kunyeganyega gucika intege, birashobora kwiyongera kunanirwa byuzuye niba birengagijwe. Gukurikirana uburyo bwo kubyara birinda ibibazo bito byo kuba umutwe munini, kugukiza kuva kumeneka bihenze.

Byongeye kandi, kwivuza kwangiritse ntigutandukanya ibibazo byabo - barohagura ibinyabiziga, sisitemu yo gukonjesha, hamwe no gutwara. Ni ingaruka za domino nta mukoresha ushaka gutera.

Kwitwa ubunyangamugayo ni ibirenze kuba ubukanishi - ni umutekano, gukora neza, no kuzigama. Kumenya ibitera no gukumira byangiritse ntabwo byumvikanye kumikorere ya peak.

rusange zitera kwangirika muri spindle motors

itera	zifatika	ingaruka	Impamvu
Kurenza urugero	Ingabo zirenze igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bitoroshye, ubujyakuzimu bukabije, cyangwa ibiciro byihuse.	Umunaniro ucika, imyuka, gukubita imburagihe imburagihe / gukanda, cyangwa gutsindwa byihuse (kuvunika / guhagarara).	Guhuza ibipimo byo gukata hamwe no kwerekanwa Koresha ibikoresho bikarishye hamwe n'imitwaro iringaniye.
Bidahagije cyangwa byanduye	Urwego rwo hasi rwibinyoma, abanduye (imyanda / amazi), cyangwa kumenagura kashe bitera guhuza cyangwa gutungirwa.	Isuri hejuru, gukubita, kwiyongera ubushyuhe, cyangwa gufatwa.	Koresha libriricants zisobanutse, kugenzura urwego, gusimbuza abanduye, bakagenzura kashe.
Kwiyamburana cyangwa kwishyiriraho	Amakosa yinteko, Kwagura Ubushyuhe, cyangwa hejuru yubusa bitera igiti cyangwa kunonosora.	Isaranganya ridafite ishingiro, kwambara byihuse, kunyeganyega-byashishikarije umunaniro, cyangwa ubushyuhe.	Koresha ibikoresho byo guhuza mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, kugenzura nyuma-hanyuma urebe buri gihe.
Kwanduza umukungugu n'imyanda	Ibice byinjira ukoresheje kashe mbi cyangwa ibidukikije byanduye, bitera kwibeshya cyangwa ruswa.	Gushushanya, amenyo, gakona, cyangwa gusenyuka.	Koresha kashe nziza, ifu yo kurwara, no gukora isuku buri gihe.
Kunyeganyega gukabije cyangwa ubusumbane	Ibikoresho bidahuzuyemo cyangwa inshuro zinyuranye zongera gusohora.	Ibyangiritse kumasiganwa, umunaniro, cyangwa ubushyuhe buhoraho.	Kuringaniza Ibikoresho, Gutandukanya Kunyeganyega, no Gukurikirana hamwe nasesengura.
Ubushyuhe bukabije	Ubushyuhe bworoshye ibikoresho, amavuta yoroheje, cyangwa bigatera kwaguka bitaringaniye.	Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gupakira, gucika intege, cyangwa umunaniro wubushyuhe.	Kunoza ubukonje, gukurikirana ubushyuhe, kandi wirinde kurenza urugero.
Igice cy'amashanyarazi	Gukaba kuva ku bukene butera isuri hejuru binyuze mu mashanyarazi.	Kwangirika hejuru bivuye ku ngaruka z'amashanyarazi.	Menya neza ko uhagaze kandi ukoreshe kwivurwa aho bikenewe.

1. Kurenza urugero

Kwishyurwa birenze kubaho mugihe ibice byubukanishi, nko kwivuza cyangwa imashini zizunguruka, zikorerwa ingabo zirenga ubushobozi bwabo. Iki kibazo cyiganje cyane cyane mugushakisha no gufata inganda aho ibipimo bikora ibikoresho byo gusunika ibikoresho birenze imipaka. Kurenza urugero birashobora kuganisha ku byangiritse cyane, byagabanije ibikoresho byubuzima, kandi bihenze.

Impamvu Zitera Kurenza urugero

Kwikorera birashobora kwishyurwa kubera ibintu bitandukanye nibikorwa bijyanye, harimo:

Imashini itoroshye idafite gahunda ikwiye:

Gutunganya  ibikoresho byinshi cyangwa byinshi, nka Titanium, ibyuma bidafite ishingiro, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bikomeye, mugihe ukoresheje imisoro yimirasire idakozwe kumitwaro nkiyi ntabwo yagenewe nkuyu mumitwaro.

l  Imashini idahagije, nkibikoresho bidakwiye guhitamo cyangwa kuzunguruka bidahagije, byorohaho (kumurongo wo kuzunguruka) na ratalic (perpericular kuri axis) imitwaro, arenze kwivuza.

Uburebure bukabije bwo gucamo:

Ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata cyane  mugihe cyo kuvura bitanga imbaraga zitunguranye kandi zihamye kuri spindle no kwikorera. Iyi mitwaro ihungabana irashobora kurenza ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo itera imitwaro, biganisha ku guhangayikishwa nigihe kirekire.

l  Gukata cyane nta ntambwe ziyongera cyangwa intego nziza yo kongera uburyo bwo kurenga.

Ibiciro byihuse byihuse bihumisha ubushobozi bwa spindle:

Ibiciro  byo kugaburira hejuru bidahujwe nuburyo bwa spindle bukora igitutu kitaringaniye. Ibi bidahuye bitera kunyeganyega gukabije no gupakira imbaraga, bishobora guhungabanya umutekano.

Ibiciro  byihuse byafashwe hamwe nigikoresho kidakwiye cyangwa guhuza ibikorwa bidashoboka kurushaho gukwirakwiza imbaraga zitaringaniye.

Igishushanyo mbonera kidakwiye:

l  Ukoresheje ibikoresho cyangwa kuzunguruka hamwe nibipimo bidahagije kubisabwa birashobora kuganisha ku rwego rwo kurenza urugero nubwo mubihe bisanzwe.

l  Amakosa yakoresha, nka porogaramu itari yo yimashini ya CNC cyangwa yirengagije konti yibintu, bigira uruhare mu mbaraga nyinshi.

Ingaruka zo Kwishyurwa

Iyo bikorerwa gukorerwa imbaraga zirenze imipaka yacyo, zibona ingaruka zinyuranye zibangamira imikorere no kuramba:

Umunaniro ucika mumoko:

l  Kurenza urugero gutera imihangayiko ya cyclic mumoko yo kwikuramo (impeta yimbere ninyuma ihindura ibintu bizunguruka). Igihe kirenze, ibi biganisha kunaniza gucikamo, aho imiterere ya micro-ikomata no gukwirakwiza binyuze mubikoresho.

l  Ibi bice bigabanya imiterere itanga, bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira imizigo no kongera ibyago byo gutsindwa.

Guhindura imitwaro ikabije:

L  Ingabo nyinshi zishobora gutera plaintion yo kwikuramo ibice, nkibintu bizunguruka (imipira cyangwa rollers) cyangwa amasiganwa. Iyi mihindagurikire ihindura geometrie ya peometrie, biganisha ku kutana nabi, kongera amakimbirane, no kugabanya neza.

l  Ubuvuzi bwahinduwe birashobora kandi gutera ubushyuhe bukabije, kwihuta kwambara.

Gukubita imburagihe cyangwa guhungabana:

Kurenza urugero  rwihuta, bikaviramo pititing (ibishishwa bito) cyangwa gukata (guhindagurika (guhuza ibikoresho) ku buso bufite. Izi nzego zibangamiye imikorere myiza, yongera imbaraga, kandi yihutira gutsindwa.

l  Gutera no gukata birasangira cyane kubisabwa muburyo bwo kwerekana cyane, aho no kubamo ubuso buke burashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere.

Kunanirwa ako kanya:

l  Mu bihe bikomeye, birenze urugero birashobora gutera kunanirwa kwangiza, nko kwivuza cyangwa kuzunguruka. Ikirego cyacitse gishobora gufata ibikorwa byimashini rwose, ukanga urunuka kandi gishobora kwangiza ibindi bice.

. Kunanirwa gutunguranye nabyo birashobora kandi gutera ingaruka zumutekano kubatwara no kuganisha ku gutakaza umusaruro

Ingaruka zo Kwishyurwa

Ingaruka zo Kurenza urugero Ziguka Zirenze kwangirika kwihuta kandi birashobora kugira ingaruka zigera kuri kure ningaruka zamafaranga:

yagabanije  ibikoresho ubuzima bwubuzima : Kwitwa hejuru bishaje, bisaba gusimburwa kenshi no kongera ibiciro byo kubungabunga.

l  Kwiyongera kw'igihe cyo kwiyongera : kubyara akenshi bisaba gusanwa cyane, biganisha ku matara adateganijwe n'ihungabana mu bikorwa.

l  Icyubahiro cyateguwe : Ibikoresho byahinduwe cyangwa byangiritse bigabanya neza inzira zamashusho, birashoboka ko biganisha ku bice bifite inenge no gukora.

l  Kunywa ingufu nyinshi : Kubyakirwa birenze urugero byongera guterana amagambo, bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gukora imashini no gutwara ibiciro.

l  ingaruka z'umutekano : Gutererana kwanduza cyangwa kuzunguruka bishobora gutera ibyago, nko kuguruka imyanda cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Kuremwa birenze urugero ni ikibazo cyiza kivuka mubikorwa bidakwiye, nko gukoresha ibikoresho bidakwiye, ubujyakuzimu buke, cyangwa ibiciro byimibare. Umunaniro wavuyemo, guhindura, gutontoma, no gutsindwa kw'ibitero bishobora kuganisha ku kugabanya ibikoresho by'ubuzima Bworoha, biyongera, hamwe n'ingaruka z'umutekano, hamwe n'ingaruka z'umutekano, hamwe n'ingaruka z'umutekano, hamwe n'ingaruka z'umutekano. Muguhuza ibipimo bigabanya ubushobozi bwo kubyara, ukoresheje ibikoresho bikarishye, kuringaniza imigezi, no gushyira mu bikorwa kubungabunga buri gihe, abakora barashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurenga. Izi ngamba zifatika zemeza ko ibikorwa byizewe, byongerera imbere, no kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi hamwe nimashini zijyanye, amaherezo zigira uruhare mu kuzigama ibikorwa no kuzigama.

2. Kudahagije cyangwa byanduye

Guhiza ni ngombwa kubikorwa byiza no kuramba byo kwivuza mu mashini izunguruka, nka spindles, moteri, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwa mashini. Igabanya amakimbirane hagati yimiterere yimuka, akwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi irinda hejuru yo kwambara. Ariko, amavuta adahagije cyangwa yanduye arashobora kuganisha kubibazo bikomeye, guteshuka ku mikorere no gutera kunanirwa imburagihe.

Impamvu Zidasanzwe cyangwa zanduye

Kunanirwa kw'amavuta bibaho kubera ibintu byinshi bihungabanya ubushobozi bwa lubricant bwo gukora imirimo yingenzi:

Urugero rwo hasi rwijimye:

LIBRIES  NTIBISANZWE MUBIKORWA BY'IMITEREZO BIGARAGARA KUBARA HANUKA HAGATI YUMVA, nkibintu bizunguruka ndetse n'amoko. Uku kubura gutinda byongera amakimbirane, biganisha ku gutsinda (gushushanya cyangwa gouges) ku buso bwarimo.

Urwego  rwo hasi rushobora guturuka kubungabunga gake, bidakwiye byuzuye, cyangwa kwanga buhoro buhoro mugihe kubera guhumeka cyangwa kumeneka.

Abanduye muri Lubricant:

l  imyanda, nk'umukungugu, cyangwa ibice by'ibyuma, birashobora gucengerera amavuta, abihindura uburyo bwo kwerekana. Aba banduye basya hagati yihuta, kwihuta kwambara.

l  Gutera amazi, akenshi bitewe n'ibidukikije bibi cyangwa imvange, bivanze n'amahoro, bigabanya urujijo no guteza imbere urusaku cyangwa kugambaza ibitero by'ibihingwa cyangwa kugangishwa.

Kureka kashe cyangwa gusigara kubungabunga:

l  kwambarwa, byangiritse, cyangwa byashyizweho bidakwiye byemerera guhinga guhunga, kurohama no kwerekana ibikoresho byanduye.

l  Kwirengagiza gahunda zisanzwe zo kubungabunga, nko kunanirwa kugenzura cyangwa kuzuza urwego rwibinyoma, biganisha ku bushobozi budahagije mugihe.

Gukoresha Ibihuha bitari byo:

l  Ukoresheje amavuta atujuje ibisobanuro bifatika (urugero, viscosity yonyine, ubwoko, cyangwa kongezwa) birashobora kunanirwa gutanga uburinzi buhagije, buganisha ku guterana no kwambara.

l  Kuvanga Ibihuru bidahuye, nko guhuza amavuta n'amavuta cyangwa ubwoko bwamavuta, birashobora gutesha agaciro imikorere kandi bitera kunanirwa.

Ingaruka zidahagije cyangwa zanduye

Iyo amavuta adahagije cyangwa yanduye, yikorerwa ibintu bitandukanye byingaruka zibangamira imikorere yabo:

Isuri yo hejuru no gukubita:

LUBRIATIONS  LIBRIATION CYANGWA BIKURIKIRA BIKURIKIRA IJAMBO RY'ISOKO, aho ibikoresho byambarwa biturutse ku bintu bizunguruka cyangwa ubwoko. Ibi biganisha ku gukubita, kurangwa nibibi bito hejuru, bikabuza gukora neza.

l  picting yongera kunyeganyega no ku rusaku, kugabanya ubushishozi no kwihutisha izindi nyandiko.

Kwiyongera ubushyuhe buva mu makimbirane:

l  Nta kwisiga, guterana amagambo hagati yimuka bitanga ubushyuhe bukabije. Ubu bushyuhe bwo hejuru bushobora gutesha agaciro ibintu birimo, bigatera imiterere, kandi bigatera kwaguka kwa Thermal, biganisha ku kutana nabi cyangwa gukemura ibibazo.

L  yanduye amavuta yongera ubushyuhe bwo kwinjiza ibice byongera guterana.

Gufatira mubihe bikabije:

l  Mu bihe bikomeye, kubura amavuta meza birashobora gutera gufata, aho ibintu bizunguruka n'amoko bifunze kubera amakimbirane arenze cyangwa gusuka ibintu birenze urugero cyangwa gusudira. Gufata bikurikirana imikorere yimashini, birashoboka ko byatsinzwe no kwangiza ibintu bikikije ibice.

l  ifatira akenshi nibisubizo byigihe kirekire cyumye cyangwa kwanduza gukabije.

Ingaruka zo Kudahagije cyangwa Zihindagurika

Ingaruka zo kunanirwa kw'agahindagurika zituruka kuri twe ubwabo, zigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu rusange n'imikorere ikora:

l  Yagabanije kwikuramo ubuzima : idahagije cyangwa yanduye cyangwa yanduye yambara cyane, kugabanya cyane ubuzima bwa serivisi no gusaba gusimburwa kenshi.

l  Ibiciro byo kubungabunga : kwangiriza bivuye kunanirwa kunanirwa biganisha ku gusana bihebuzwa, harimo no guhindagurika no kutagira igihe cyo kubungabunga.

l  Umusaruro w'igitagenda : Ufite imitsi kubera amavuta mabi arashobora guhagarika umusaruro, biganisha ku gihe ntarengwa no gutakaza amafaranga.

l  Ibisobanuro byateguwe : Kwangiza hejuru no kongera amakimbirane agabanya ukuri kw'imashini, bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ibicuruzwa mu nganda zabigenewe nka aerospace cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegisiki.

l  Ingaruka z'umutekano : Gufata mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa gutsindwa birashobora guteza ibyago, imyitwarire idahwitse cyangwa igisekuru cyimyanda itagenzuwe cyangwa imyanda, kwifotozaga ingaruka kubatwara.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Kutihagije cyangwa byanduye bitera iterabwoba rikomeye ryo kubyara imikorere, biganisha ku isuri, kwikubita, kongera ubushyuhe, n'ibishobora gufatwa. Ibi bibazo biva mu rwego rwo hasi rwijimye, kwanduza imyanda cyangwa amazi, kashe, cyangwa uburyo budakwiye bwo kubungabunga. Mugukoresha liberiricants yerekanwe, gukurikirana urwego, gusimbuza ibimenyetso byanduye bidatinze, kandi bigakoresha igenzura risanzwe, abakora barashobora kwirinda gutsindwa kwizihiza. Izi ngamba zifatika zongera kwizerwa, nongere ibikoresho byubuzima, kandi bigabanye ibiciro byimikorere, byemeza imikorere n'umutekano bihamye muburyo bunebwe.

3. Guhuza nabi cyangwa kwishyiriraho

Guhuza no kwishyiriraho no kwishyiriraho birakomeye kumikorere myiza no kuramba byikurwa mu mashini izunguruka, nka spindles, motors, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwa mashini. Kwitwa bigamije gukorana no guhuza neza kugirango habeho gukwirakwiza no kugabana no gukora neza. Kwiyubarwa cyangwa kwishyiriraho bidakwiye birashobora kuganisha kubibazo bikomeye, kwambara byihuse, no gutsindwa imburagihe.

Impamvu Zibitera Guhuza cyangwa Kwiyubaka Bidakwiye

Kwiyubarwa cyangwa kwishyiriraho bidakwiye bibaho iyo bikozwe neza bidahagaze neza cyangwa bifite umutekano, biganisha ku mikorere ikoreshwa. Impamvu rusange zirimo:

Amakosa yinteko atera igiti:

Amakosa  mugihe c'iteraniro, nko gushyingura amabere kuri shafts cyangwa kurya, bishobora kuvamo igiti cyihishe cyangwa inguni. Uku kuvuza nabi guhungabanya ubushobozi bwo kuzenguruka.

l  Gukemura bidakwiye, nko gukoresha imbaraga zitaringaniye mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho bidakwiye, bishobora gutera kwibukwa nabi kuva kera.

Ubushyuhe bwo kwaguka bwimyanya:

l  Mugihe cyo gukora, ibice by'imashini birashobora gushyuha, bigatuma kwagura ubushyuhe bihindura umwanya wo kwivuza, ibiti, cyangwa kurya. Niba bitabarwaga muburyo bwo gushushanya cyangwa kwishyiriraho, ibi birashobora gutuma tubi.

l  Igenamigambi ridahagije cyangwa igenamiterere ridakwiye rishobora gutanga ubudakemwa buterwa no kwaguka.

Kwiyongera ku buso butaringaniye:

l  Gushiraho ibikoresho biringaniye cyangwa byateguwe neza, nko munzira nyabagendwa cyangwa imashini ikubahirizwa, itangiza nabi kuva itangiriro.

l  Guhanganira gucuruza nabi cyangwa kwitegura hejuru yubuso (urugero, imyanda cyangwa burrs ku buso bwamajyambere) birashobora kwirinda kwicara kwicara neza.

Uburyo budahagije:

l  gusimbuka intambwe zikomeye, nko kugenzura guhuza cyangwa kwisobanura neza, mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho birashobora gutuma tubingera nabi cyangwa kwimura ibintu bidakwiye.

l  Kubura amahugurwa cyangwa kunanirwa gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wubukora akenshi bivamo amakosa yo kwishyiriraho ibintu byumvikana.

Ingaruka zo Kubaho cyangwa Kwiyubaka Bidakwiye

Iyo kwikorera muburyo bubi cyangwa bwashyizweho nabi, bahura ningaruka zitandukanye zibangamira imikorere yabo no kuramba:

Isaranganya ritaringaniza:

Gukongera  nabi bitera kugabanyirizwa imbaraga zidateganijwe hakurya, hamwe nibice bimwe na bimwe bihura n'imitwaro ikabije. Ibi byihuta kwambara kubintu byo kuzunguruka, amoko, cyangwa akazu, biganisha ku gutsindwa imburagihe.

L  idahwitse irashobora kandi gutera ibitekerezo byimibereho, kongera amahirwe yibikoresho.

Umunaniro-washizwemo Umunaniro:

l  Kwitwa Bikubye Bitera kunyeganyega gukabije kubera kuzunguruka cyangwa guhungabana. Iyi vibration itera imihangayiko yamagare, biganisha kunaniza gucikamo ibice bigize.

l  Inyeganyeza ndende zirashobora gukwirakwiza ibindi bice byimashini, bigatuma sisitemu yinyongera.

Ubushyuhe bwongeyeho guterana:

l  Ubudahangarwa bwongera amakimbirane hagati yibi bigize, bitera ubushyuhe burenze. Ubu bushyuhe bushobora gutesha agaciro amavuta, ibinure birimo kwikuramo, kandi bigatera kwaguka kwa romoruda, kandi bikarushaho kwiyongera.

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru  bugabanya ubushishozi no gukora neza, biganisha ku bushobozi bukabije cyangwa gutsindwa.

Yagabanijwe kwikuramo ubuzima:

l  The combined effects of uneven loading, vibration, and increased friction significantly shorten the bearing's operational life, necessitating frequent replacements and increasing maintenance costs.

Ingaruka zo Kubabazwa cyangwa Kwiyubaka Bidakwiye

Ingaruka zo Kubabara cyangwa Kwishyiriraho Gushyira Bidakwiye Kugera hejuru yibyarebwe, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya sisitemu rusange nibiciro byibikorwa:

l  Kurambagiza no gutsindwa : imitwaro idahwitse hamwe no kunyeganyega byihuse kwambara, biganisha ku gutsindwa imburagihe no kugabanya ibikoresho byubuzima.

l  Amafaranga yo kubungabunga : Gusana kenshi cyangwa gusimburwa kubera kwangirika nabi nangiritse bifitanye isano no gukoresha amafaranga yo gufata neza.

l  Umusaruro wigihe : Ibyifuzo bibi birashobora gutera kunanirwa gutunguranye, kubyara umusaruro no kubika amafaranga yatakaye cyangwa yabuze igihe ntarengwa.

l  Gusobanurwa neza : Mugusaba ibisobanuro, nkibisabwa bya CNC cyangwa robotike, ubudahwema bigabanya ukuri, biganisha ku bicuruzwa bifite inenge cyangwa gukora.

l  Ingaruka z'umutekano : Kunyeganyega gukabije cyangwa gutsindwa gutunguranye bishobora guteza akaga, nkibigize urutonde rwibigize cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse, kwiyerekana ingaruka kubakora.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Kwiyamburana cyangwa kwishyiriraho ibintu bidakwiye, biterwa n'amakosa yo guterana, kwaguka, cyangwa ubuso butaringaniye butaringaniye, buganisha ku kugabana kutaringaniza, kunyeganyega, no kongera imitiri. Ibi bibazo bivamo kwambara byihuse, byagabanije neza, kandi bishobora kunanirwa ibikoresho, hamwe ningaruka zikomeye ningaruka zamafaranga. Mu gukoresha ibikoresho byo guhuza, kugenzura nyuma-Gutanga amakuru, kubara mu majyaruguru, kandi bigatuma amagenzura asanzwe, abakora barashobora gukumira ibibazo bifitanye isano. Izi ngamba zifatika zemeza imikorere yizewe, ibikoresho byongerera ibintu, no kuzamura imikorere ikora, kugabanya igihe gito nibiciro mubiciro bikomeye.

4. Kwanduza umukungugu n'imyanda

Kwanduza umukungugu na imyanda ni impungenge zikomeye mu bidukikije aho imashini zashizwemo, nka spindles, ibikoresho, cyangwa ibindi bice bigize imashini, ikora. Izi ndumahwa, zirimo uduce twinshi nkumukungugu, umwanda, shavices yicyuma, cyangwa izindi microscopique, zirashobora gucengerera imashini zinyuze munzira zitandukanye, ziganisha ku mirimo ifatika.

Impamvu Zitera Kwanduza

Umukungugu na Debrism mubisanzwe bibaho kubera kimwe cyangwa byinshi mubintu bikurikira:

Uburyo bubi bwo hejuru:

Ibicuruzwa bidahagije cyangwa bishaje bikikije ibice by'imashini byemerera ibice byo hanze kugirango winjire mu bice bikomeye. Nyuma yigihe, kashe irashobora gutesha agaciro kubera kwambara, kwishyiriraho bidakwiye, cyangwa guhura nibidukikije bikaze, bigatera icyuho kubanduye kwinjira.

Ikidodo kitagenewe guhangana n'ibibazo byihariye bishingiye ku bidukikije, nk'inzego z'umukungugu cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije, bikabije cyane.

Ibidukikije byanduye:

Imashini zikora mubidukikije hamwe ninzego zisumbuye zindege, nko gukora ibihingwa, ahantu zubaka, cyangwa ahantu hamwe nubuzima bwiza bwikirere, bufite ibyago byinshi byo kwanduza.

Imyitozo yo kubungabunga urugo idakwiye, nko kunanirwa gusukura ahantu cyangwa kwemerera imyanda kwegeranya hafi yibikoresho, bikangurira ikibazo.

Imyitozo idakwiye yo kubungabunga:

Mugihe cyo kubungabunga cyangwa gusana, ibikoresho, amaboko, cyangwa ibice bitasukuye neza birashobora kumenyekanisha ibyanduye muri sisitemu.

Lubricants yanduye hamwe nibice birashobora kandi gukora nka vector yo kumenyekanisha imyanda ifata imashini.

Induru zo mu kirere:

Ibice byiza byahagaritswe mu kirere, nk'ivumbi, cyangwa umukungugu w'inganda, cyangwa ibisigazwa by'imiti, birashobora gutura cyangwa gutwarwa mu imashini binyuze muri sisitemu yo gufata umwuka cyangwa guhumeka.

Ingaruka zo Kwanduza

Iyo umukungugu hamwe na debris winjira imashini, birashobora gutuma cascade yingaruka mbi zibangamira imikorere no kuramba. Ingaruka z'ibanze zirimo:

Gusya gusya hejuru:

Umukungugu n'Imyanda, cyane cyane ibice bikomeye nkibikoresho byicyuma cyangwa silica, gukora nkabanyabyaye mugihe cyumufatiro hagati yimikorere. Ibi biganisha kuri micro-abrasion cyangwa gusya hejuru nko kwikorera, kuzunguruka, cyangwa ibikoresho.

Igihe kirenze, iki gikorwa cyo kutabyaye gitera kwambara, kugabanya ubushishozi nubushobozi bwibigize kandi bikatera kudakombana cyangwa kongera amakimbirane.

RORROSONE kuva ahantu havanze-kuvanga:

Abanduye bakunze kuvanga n'ubushuhe, haba mu bidukikije cyangwa kuva ku bihuru, bitera ibidukikije byangiza. Kurugero, umukungugu urimo umunyu cyangwa imiti birashobora kwihutisha kwihutisha iperereza ku buso bwibyuma.

RORRISONE iragabanya ibice, biganisha ku gukubita, gutontoma, cyangwa kunanirwa kw'imiterere, bishobora kugabanya cyane imibereho.

Hagarika Inzira zijimye:

Umukungugu n'imyanda birashobora guhagarika imiyoboro yo guhindagurika, gukumira amavuta yo kugera ahantu hakomeye. Ibi bivamo gutinda bidahagije, byongera guterana no gushyushya.

Inzira zahagaritswe nazo zirashobora kandi kugabana itagereranywa, biganisha ku kunanirwa cyane cyangwa ibigize.

Ibishushanyo, amenyo, hamwe no gusenyuka:

Ingaruka zingana za Aburaya, ruswa, kandi zidahagije zigaragara nkibyangiritse bigaragara, nkibishushanyo, amenyo, cyangwa ibitagenda neza.

Ibi bibazo bitesha agaciro ubunyangamugayo bwibigize, biganisha ku kwambara byihuse kandi, amaherezo, kunanirwa kw'imashini.

Ingaruka zo kwanduza

Ingaruka z'umukungugu n'imyanda yanduye zigumya kurenga kwangirika kwamashanyarazi kandi zishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kandi zamafaranga:

l  kugabanya ibikoresho byiza : Ibigize byanduye bikora neza, bisaba imbaraga nyinshi kugirango ukore imirimo imwe no kongera ibiciro bikora.

l  Amafaranga yo kubungabunga : Gusana kenshi cyangwa gusimburwa kubera kwanduza ibyangiritse bijyanye no gukoresha amafaranga yo gufata neza.

l  Downtime no gutakaza umusaruro : Igihome gitunguranye gitemejwe nuwanduza birashobora guhagarika umusaruro, biganisha ku gihe ntarengwa kandi yatakaje amafaranga.

l  Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bibangamiwe : Mugihe cyateganijwe, nko gukora ibikoresho bya elegisiki cyangwa kwanduza, kwanduza birashobora kuganisha ku bicuruzwa bifite inenge, bikavamo ibisubizo cyangwa kutanyurwa kwabakiriya.

l  ibyago by'umutekano : Ibikoresho byangiritse cyangwa bidakora neza bitanga ibyago kubatwara, birashoboka ko biganisha ku mpanuka cyangwa gukomeretsa.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Kwanduza umukungugu n'imyanda bitera iterabwoba rikomeye ku mikorere no kuramba kw'imashini zishingiye ku gishimwa. Mugusobanukirwa ibitera-nka kashe mbi hamwe nibidukikije byanduye - ningaruka zavanyweho, harimo no kwambara ibikomokaho, ruswa, hamwe nibibabi, abakora barashobora gufata ingamba zifatika zo kugabanya ingaruka. Gushyira mu bikorwa imikorere myiza, nko gushyingurana neza, kurwara ikirere, no gukora isuku buri gihe, birashobora kugabanya kwanduza cyane, tugahore ibikorwa byizewe, kugabanya igihe cyizewe, no kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho bikomeye. Mu gushyira imbere kugenzura kwanduza, ubucuruzi burashobora kuzamura imikorere, kugabanya ibiciro, no gukomeza amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

5. Kunyeganyega cyane cyangwa ubusumbane

Kunyeganyega cyane cyangwa ubusumbane mu mashini izunguruka, nka spindles, moteri, cyangwa izindi sisitemu zifite imitwe, zitera ubwoba imikorere imikorere myiza nibigize. Ibi bibazo bivuka mugihe rotor, cyangwa ibindi bintu bizunguruka birimo kutaringaniza cyangwa mugihe sisitemu ikorera kuri gahunda zisobanutse, ziganisha ku gushimangira.

Itera kunyeganyega gukabije cyangwa ubusumbane

Kunyeganyega cyane cyangwa ubusumbane mu mashini mubisanzwe biva mubintu bikurikira:

Ibikoresho bidafite agaciro cyangwa rotor:

l  Ibikoresho, nko gutema ibikoresho mumashini cyangwa rotor muri moteri, ntabwo bishyize mu gaciro byingabo zitaringaniye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Uku kubamba gusohora imyumvire ko guhangayikishwa nibindi bigize.

l  Ubusumbane bushobora guturuka ku kwambara ibikoresho bidafite ishingiro, iteraniro ridakwiye, cyangwa gukora inenge mu kuzunguruka.

Impuzandengo ya reson:

Iyo  imashini zikorera cyangwa hafi yumvikana ryayo resonant, kunyeganyega birakorozwa, bigatera umwanzuro mwinshi. Iyi resonance irashobora kubaho kubera igenamigambi ridakwiye cyangwa gushushanya inenge muri sisitemu.

l  Ibintu byo hanze, nk'imashini ziri hafi cyangwa kunyeganyega kw'ibidukikije, birashobora kandi kwishima kenshi na rimwe, kongera ikibazo.

Gushiraho cyangwa guhuza bidakwiye:

l  Ibigize bidahwitse, nka Shafi cyangwa guhuza, birashobora kumenyekanisha kunyeganyega mugushiraho ikwirakwizwa ritaringaniye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.

L  irekuye cyangwa ibanga ridakwiye, nkibikoresho byibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho, birashobora no gutanga umusanzu no kugaburira no kunyeganyega.

Kwambara cyangwa kwangiza mubice:

l  Ubushyuhe bwambarwa, ibikoresho byangiritse, cyangwa ibice byangiritse birashobora gutera icyerekezo kidasanzwe, biganisha ku kunyeganyega.

l  Yegeranijwe imyanda cyangwa kwanduza muri sisitemu irashobora gukomeza guhungabanya agaciro, kwihasha agaciro.

Ingaruka zo kunyeganyega cyane cyangwa ubusumbane

Iyo imashini ifite ubukana bukabije cyangwa ubusumbane, ibikoresho nibindi bigize ingaruka zingaruka zibangamira:

Byoroshye gusohora kwangiza amasiganwa:

l  Inyeganyega cyane zitera ingaruka zikoreshwa hamwe no gupakira kitaringaniye ku moko (impeta y'imbere n'inyuma ihindura ibintu bizunguruka). Ibi biganisha ku kwangirika kw'ibintu, nka micro-imiterere cyangwa imiterere yibintu, bitesha agaciro ubunyangamugayo.

L  OsCillations irashobora kandi kwamamaza izindi ngabo za mashini, itera kwambara gukabije.

Umunaniro hejuru yizunguruka:

l  Kunyeganyega bikomeza guhangayikishwa na cyclic mu kuvura, biganisha kunaniza gucika intege mugihe. Ibi bice bigabanya imiterere itanga, byongera ibyago byo gutsindwa.

l  Kwambara umunaniro kwegeranya hamwe na buri cyiciro cyibikorwa, kugabanya cyane ubuzima bwiza.

Shyushya kuva kera:

Ihindagurika  ryongera guterana hagati y'ibigize, bitera ubushyuhe burenze. Ubu bushyuhe bushobora gutesha agaciro ibinure, bigabanya ibiyobyabwenge, kandi bigatera kwaguka kwa romoruda, kandi bikarushaho gukangurira nabi cyangwa ibibazo byemewe.

l  Ubushyuhe bukabije bwa L burashobora kuganisha ku gushyuha, kugabanya imikorere ikoreshwa no gusobanuka.

Ibyangiritse kuri Machinery:

l  Vibration ikabije irashobora kurekura izishimira, guhuza misalign, cyangwa ibyangiritse ibice byegeranye, biganisha ku kunanirwa kwagutse.

l  Mu bihe bikomeye, kunyeganyega bidasubijwe birashobora gutera kunanirwa guteye ubwoba, nko gufata icyemezo cyangwa igiti.

Ingaruka zo kunyeganyega gukabije cyangwa ubusumbane

Ingaruka zo kunyeganyega gukabije cyangwa ubusumbane bugera hejuru yibyahuri, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya sisitemu rusange nibiciro byibikorwa:

Kugabanya  ibikoresho byubuzima Bwiza : Kunyeganyega byihuse kwambara, biganisha kunanirwa imburagihe nibindi bigize, bisaba gusimburwa kenshi.

l  Amafaranga yo kubungabunga : Ibyangiritse biturutse ku kunyegurika bisaba gusana bihenze, harimo no kwishura gusimburwa no kumvikana.

l  Umusaruro wo hasi : Kunanirwa kwa Vibration birashobora guhagarika umusaruro, bikavamo igihe ntarengwa cyabuze nubutaka bwamafaranga.

l  Ubusobanuro bwangiritse : Kunyeganyega gukabije bigabanya neza ibyokurya, biganisha ku bicuruzwa bifite inenge cyangwa gukora mu nganda zabigenewe nka aerospace cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegisiki.

l  Ingaruka z'umutekano : kunyeganyega gukabije birashobora gutera imyifatire y'imikorere, imyitwarire idahwitse, cyangwa ibisekuruza bya imyanda, kwibaza ingaruka ku bakora.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Kunyeganyega cyane cyangwa ubusumbane, biterwa nibikoresho bitaringaniye, imirongo ivuguruye, cyangwa gushiraho bidakwiye, umunaniro, nubushyuhe bwibinyabuzima. Ibi bibazo bivamo ibikoresho byubuzima bwubuzima, kwiyongera kwiyongera, no gusobanura neza, hamwe ningaruka zumutekano. Mumoko, utandukanya ibikoresho, ukurikirana kubyuka, gukurikirana hamwe no gusesengura, gukora neza, abashoramari barashobora kugabanya izi ngaruka. Izi ngero zifatika zongera imashini kwizerwa, kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi, no gukomeza gukora neza, kugabanya igihe cyo gutaha, kugabanya igihe gito nibiciro mubisabwa.

6. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru

Ubushyuhe bukomeye bwo gukora butera ikibazo gikomeye kumikorere no kuramba byo kwivuza nibindi bigize imashini zizunguruka, nka spindles cyangwa moteri. Ubushyuhe bukabije bushobora gutesha agaciro, kubangamira bubrication, kandi bigatera impinduka zidasanzwe, biganisha ku mikorere imikorere no kunanirwa imburagihe.

Impamvu zitera ubushyuhe bukabije

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru mu mashini busanzwe buturuka ku guhuza ibikorwa, ibidukikije, ndetse no kubungabunga ibintu bijyanye:

Guterana cyane:

Gutandukana cyane  hagati yibi bigize, akenshi bitewe no gusiga bidahagije, kubadabi, cyangwa kurenza urugero, bitanga ubushyuhe bwingenzi.

l  Ibikoresho byuzuye cyangwa kunyeganyega birenze birashobora kongera guterana amagambo, bigira uruhare mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru.

Kurenza urugero cyangwa ibikorwa bikaze:

l  Imashini zikoresha zirenze ubushobozi bwateguwe, nko gufunga ibikoresho bikomeye cyangwa ukoresheje ibipimo bikaze bikaba, byongera ibisekuru bikabije, byongera ibisekuru byubushyuhe bibangamira guhangayika.

l  Umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ibiciro bibi birashobora kongera umusaruro w'ubushyuhe, cyane cyane mubyatanzwe bidateganijwe nkibihe.

Sisitemu yo gukonjesha idahagije:

Sisitemu  idahuye cyangwa imikorere mibi, nkabafana, ibihuru bikonje, cyangwa guhanahana ubushyuhe, kunanirwa gutandukanya neza, kwemerera ubushyuhe kuzamuka.

l  Guhumeka nabi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi bwibidukikije mubidukikije byongera kubaka ubushyuhe.

Lubiricant plegradadation cyangwa guhitamo bidakwiye:

l  Lubricants idahuye nibisabwa byimisozi miremire birashobora kunanuka cyangwa gusenyuka, kugabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe no kurengera hejuru.

L  yanduye cyangwa yangiritse irashobora kandi gutanga umusanzu wo kongera amakimbirane nubushyuhe.

Inkomoko yubushyuhe bwo hanze:

l  Imashini zikora hafi yubushyuhe bwo hanze, nkitanura, amatako, cyangwa urumuri rwizuba, rushobora guhura nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugira ingaruka kumikorere.

l  Ubushishozi budahagije cyangwa bukingira ahantu heza ho hanze birashobora gutera ikibazo.

Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bwo gukora

Iyo kwivuza n'imashini zikorerwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bahura n'ingaruka zifatika zibangamira imikorere no kuramba:

Ubushobozi bwo kugaruza:

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru  bworoshye bwo gutwara ibikoresho, nkobyuma, bigabanya ubukana bwabo nubushobozi bwo gutwara. Uku gucika intege bikora byinshi byororoka kubwo guhindura munsi yimitwaro isanzwe.

Ibikoresho byoroheje l  ntibishoboye kwihanganira imihangayiko yubuka, kwihuta kwambara no gutsindwa.

Gusenyuka kw'amahoro:

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru  butera gutinda kuri tron, okiside, cyangwa gusenyuka kwa shimi, kugabanya uruzitiro bwabo. Ibi biganisha ku mavuta adahagije, yongerewe amakimbirane, n'ubundi buryo bugezweho.

l  Gutesha agaciro lbiriricars irashobora gukora guswera cyangwa gutandukana, guhagarika umutima no kwambara kwambara.

Umunaniro wubushyuhe:

l  Gusubiramo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butera umunaniro, aho gushyushya gukonja no gukonjesha bitera micro-micro-microse ahantu hafite. Ibi bice bikwirakwiza mugihe, bigabanya ingaruka no kongera ibyago byo kunanirwa kwangirika.

l  Ihuriro ryo kwagura ikirere rishobora kwibanda ku mihangayiko, biganisha ku gucapa.

Impinduka zikoreshwa no kudahuza neza:

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru  butera kwagura kwivuza, shafts, cyangwa kurya, biganisha ku kutana nabi, kongera kunyeganyega, no kugabana umutwaro udasanzwe.

l  Izi mpinduka zikoreshwa zirashobora kugabanya kubyara, gutera guhuza cyangwa kongera amakimbirane.

Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bukabije

Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bukabije zikarenga cyane

Kugabanya  ibikoresho byubuzima Bwiza : Ibikoresho byoroshye hamwe nibikoresho byoroheje kandi bigabanuka kwihuta kwambara, kugabanya cyane birebire hamwe nubutaka.

l  Amafaranga yo kubungabunga : Gusana kenshi cyangwa gusimburwa kubera ibyangiritse ku bushyuhe bitwara amafaranga yo gufata neza.

l  Umusaruro wo hasi : Kunanirwa kw'ubushyuhe bukabije birashobora guhagarika umusaruro, biganisha ku gihe ntarengwa no gutakaza amafaranga.

L  Precision ibangamiwe : Kwagura ubushyuhe no gutesha agaciro ibintu bigabanya ukuri, bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ibicuruzwa mu nganda z'ubushingiranwa nka aerospace cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegisiki.

l  Ingaruka z'umutekano : Ibice bifatika birashobora kunanirwa gitunguranye, bitera ibyago nkibintu byafashwe, ibice bitandukanye, cyangwa ingaruka z'umuriro mubihe bikabije.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Ubushyuhe bukabije, buterwa no guterana amagambo menshi, kurengana, gukonjesha bidahagije, cyangwa amavuta bidashoboka, biganisha ku bushobozi bwo kwishoramo, kunanirwa kw'ibiti. Ibi bibazo bigabanuka ibikoresho byubuzima, kongera ibiciro byo kubungabunga, no guteshukaho, hamwe ningaruka zumutekano. Mugutegura sisitemu yo gukonjesha, gukurikirana ubushyuhe, kwirinda kurenza urugero, no guhitamo amavuta bikwiye, abakora barashobora kugabanya ingaruka zijyanye n'ubushyuhe. Izi ngamba zifatika zemeza imikorere yizewe, yongerera ubuzima bwa serivisi, kandi igabanye igihe kandi ikiguzi mubihe bikomeye.

7. Ibice byubu

Amashanyarazi anyuze mu myitozo, akenshi aterwa n'imigezi mbi cyangwa idahwitse, irashobora kuganisha ku byangiritse mu mashini izunguruka nka moteri, srundles. Iki kintu, akin kugera mu mashanyarazi asohokanaga amashanyarazi (EDM), erode yari ifite ubuso kandi bubangamira imikorere yabo.

Impamvu Zibitera Amashanyarazi

Ibice byubu amashanyarazi bibaho mugihe imirongo y'amashanyarazi idateganijwe gutemba binyuze mu kwivuza, mubisanzwe bitewe nibintu bikurikira:

Impamvu mbi:

l  Imashini zidahagije cyangwa zidakwiye zemerera imigezi y'amashanyarazi yayobye gutemba binyuze mu kwivuza, ishakisha inzira yibura.

l  Urugendo rubi rushobora guturuka ku mikino idakwiye, ihuza, cyangwa sisitemu idahwitse mumashini cyangwa ikigo.

Imigezi yayondutse kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi:

Imigezi  yazimiye irashobora guturuka kumikino ihinduka (VFD), impfurne, cyangwa izindi shanyarazi zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu mashini zigezweho, cyane cyane muburyo buhanitse cyangwa ibyifuzo byihuta cyangwa byinshi.

l  Amashanyarazi ya electromaGNETIC (EMI) cyangwa yateje ibibindo byo mu mashanyarazi biri hafi nabyo birashobora kandi gutera imigezi kunyura mu kwivuza.

Amashanyarazi ahamye:

Amafaranga  ateganijwe ashobora kwegeranya ibice bizunguruka, cyane cyane mubucuruzi cyangwa bwihuse-bwihuse, biganisha ku gusohora binyuze mubitekerezo.

l  Ibi birasanzwe mubisabwa birimo ibikoresho cyangwa umukandara kubyara amashanyarazi ahagaze.

Amaganya adakwiye cyangwa akingira:

l  Kubura ibijyanye no kwivuza cyangwa ibice bikikije bituma imigezi y'amashanyarazi atemba binyuze mu nzira zidateganijwe.

l  Ingabo zidahagije kurwanya imirima ya electomagnetic irashobora kuzamura inzira zubu mubikoresho byoroshye.

Ingaruka zamashanyarazi

Iyo imirongo y'amashanyarazi inyura mu mirimo, itera ingaruka zikomeye zibangamiye, cyane cyane binyuze mu kubakwa no gusohora amashanyarazi (EDM) ingaruka:

Isuri yo hejuru ikoresheje kuba:

l  Amashanyarazi hagati yibi bigize kwitwaza (urugero, ibintu bizunguruka ndetse n'amasiganwa) birema imiyoboro ya erode ibikoresho bya erode, bisa na EDM. Ibi bivamo gukubita, kuroha, cyangwa ibishushanyo bikonje kuri biremereye.

l  Aya ereme zo hejuru zibangamiye neza, zongera guterana amagambo, no kwihuta.

Ibishishwa bya Micro-hamwe no gutesha agaciro ibintu:

l  Arucfing itanga ibintu bito cyangwa ibimenyetso byo gutwika kuri biremereye hejuru, bigatera intege ibikoresho no kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo.

Kugeza  igihe, abacyuma bikubise (bihumura ibikoresho), gukomeza gutesha agaciro ubunyangamugayo.

Kongera kunyeganyega no urusaku:

l  Ibyangiritse byo hejuru bivuye guterana bitera kuzunguruka, biganisha ku kunyeganyega no ku rusaku mugihe cyo gukora.

l  Vibrations irashobora kwamamaza izindi ngabo za mashini, bigatera umwanya wo kongeramo cyangwa kudakongera nabi.

Gukuraho kwangirika:

l  Arung yinjiza ubushyuhe mu ngingo zitumanaho, zishobora gutesha agaciro cyangwa gutwika amavuta, kugabanya imikorere yabo no kuyobora kwiyongera no kwambara.

L  yanduye cyangwa yanduye karbonike irashobora guhinduka ibintu byinshi byangiritse.

Kunanirwa imburagihe:

Ingaruka zingana  zisumba isuri, kunyeganyega, no gusenyuka amavuta yo gukata cyane kwikuramo ubuzima, bitera kunanirwa imburagihe.

l  Mu bihe bikomeye, kubakwa birashobora gutera byihuse gufata cyangwa gutsindwa.

Ingaruka zo Kubara

Ingaruka z'ibice by'amashanyarazi zirenze urugero, zigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu rusange n'imikoreshereze ikora:

Kugabanya  ibikoresho byubuzima Bwiza : Isuri yubuso no gutesha agaciro kwihuta kwambara, bisaba gusimburwa kenshi.

l  Ibiciro byo kubungabunga byose : Ibyangiritse bitera gusaba gusana bihenze, harimo no gusimbuza gusimburwa na sisitemu yo hasi.

l  Umusaruro w'igitagenda : Gutwara imitingi byatewe n'amashanyarazi birashobora guhagarika umusaruro, biganisha ku gihe ntarengwa cyo kubura igihe ntarengwa.

l  Ubusobanuro bwateguwe : Ubugorozi bwo hejuru hamwe no kwiyongera bigabanya neza ibyokurya, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa mu nganda zabigenewe nka electronics cyangwa aerospace.

l  Ingaruka z'umutekano : Kunanirwa gutunguranye cyangwa kunyeganyega gukabije birashobora guteza ibyago, nkibigize urutonde cyangwa ibyago byamashanyarazi, byerekanwaga ingaruka kubakora.

Imyitozo myiza yo kugabanya

Amashanyarazi arimo amashanyarazi, akenshi aterwa n'imigezi mbi, cyangwa amashanyarazi adahagaze, cyangwa amashanyarazi akomeye, erode yari ifite ubuso binyuze mu guta, kunyeganyega, no gutesha agaciro. Izi ngaruka zigabanya kwihanganira ubuzima, kongera ibiciro byo kubungabunga, no kumvikana neza, hamwe ningaruka zumutekano. Muguharanira gushikama, gukoresha imitwe yabumwe, nyoroshya imigenzo idahwitse, no kuyobora igenzura risanzwe, abakora barashobora gukumira ibyangiritse by'amajwi. Izi ngamba zifatika zongera imashini kwizerwa, kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi, kandi ukugabanya igihe cyo gutaha no kugura ibiciro mubisabwa.

Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bya CNC isuka cyane

Abategarugori moteri ni ibintu bikomeye mu mashini iboneye, nk'imashini za CNC, Lathe, no mu bikoresho byo gusya, aho bikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga imikorere yoroshye, yukuri, neza, kandi neza, kandi neza, kandi neza, kandi neza, kandi neza, kandi neza, kandi neza. Kwangiza, niba bitamenyekanye, birashobora gutuma umuntu atangiye, yagabanije uburyohe buhebuje, ndetse akanata kunanirwa kwa moteri ya spindle. Kumenya hakiri kare ni ngombwa mu kugabanya ibyo byihutirwa no kwagura ubuzima bwiza bwibikoresho.

Urusaku rudasanzwe

Kimwe mubimenyetso byambere kandi bizwi cyane byo kwangirika ni ukubaho kwumvikana bidasanzwe biva muri moteri ya spind mugihe cyo gukora. Izi sun zikunze kwerekana ibibazo byihishe inyuma ko, niba birengagijwe, birashobora kwiyongera mubibazo bikomeye. Urusaku rusanzwe rudasanzwe rurimo:

l  Kuboko cyangwa amajwi menshi : Inkone zisumba izindi nini zitanga ko guterana kwiyongera mubyarebye, akenshi bitewe n'amavuta adahagije, yambara ibintu bihagije, cyangwa kwambara ku butaka cyangwa imitwaro cyangwa icyuma. Iri jwi rishobora kongera iby'igihangane.

l  Gusya cyangwa gusiba urusaku : gusya amajwi byerekana kwambara cyangwa kwangirika kwinshi, nko gukubita cyangwa guterura kumoko amoko cyangwa ibintu bizunguruka. Ibi birashobora kubaho mugihe kubyara bigengwaga imitwaro ikabije, kubadabi, cyangwa imikorere yigihe kirekire nta kubungabunga neza.

l  ukanze cyangwa ukanze : gukanda cyangwa gukanda urusaku bishobora kwerekana ibice birekuye, nka cage yangiritse cyangwa ibintu bizunguruka bitagikora neza. Ibi birashobora kandi kwerekana umunaniro-statue cyangwa progaramu idakwiye muguterana.

Impamvu ari ngombwa : Izi subsasi akenshi nicyo kimenyetso cyambere cyumvikana cyo guhangayika. Nk'uko guterana amagambo no kwambara kwiyongera, amajwi arakomera kandi avuza, byerekana ko kwihanganira ari hafi gutsindwa. Ubugenzuzi bwihuse nibyingenzi kugirango bisuzumwe, haba kwanduza, kuba nabi, cyangwa umunaniro-no gukumira izindi moteri ya spindle.

INTAMBWE Z'IBIKORWA : Koresha ibikoresho bya Stethoscope cyangwa Isesengura rya Vibration kugirango ugaragaze inkomoko y'urusaku. Reba urwego rurinze kandi rwujuje ubuziranenge, ugenzure kwanduza, no kugenzura ihuza. Niba urusaku rukomeje, tekereza gusezererwa kuzunguruka kugirango ugenzure neza.

Kongera ibihano

Kunyeganyega birenze urugero nundi biranga kwangirika muri moteri ya spindle. Mugihe urwego runaka rwo kunyeganyega ari ibisanzwe mukuzunguruka imashini, kwiyongera kugaragara cyangwa impinduka muburyo bwo kunyeganyega burashobora kwerekana ibibazo bikomeye mu nteko yo kurema. Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:

l  Ubuhemu : kwambara cyangwa kwangiza kubyara bishobora gutera rotor kuba ubwicanyi, biganisha ku kunyeganyega cyane. Ibi akenshi byunvikana nkinjyana yinjyana cyangwa gushimisha mugihe cyo gukora.

l  gushinga cyangwa kwangirika hejuru : microscopic microscopic cyangwa ibipurukira ku buso burimo kuzunguruka, bigatera kunyeganyega bidasanzwe. Izi nzego zirashobora guturuka kumunaniro, kurenza urugero, cyangwa kwanduza.

l  Guhuza nabi cyangwa ibice birekuye : ibyuma bifatika cyangwa ibyuma birekuye birashobora kongera vibrations, bishyire mubihe byinyongera kuri nyirabayazana.

KUKI BIKORESHEJWE : Kongera kunyeganyega ntabwo byerekana gusa kubyara ahubwo bigira ingaruka kumikorere rusange ya moteri ya spindle. Kunyeganyega gukabije birashobora kuganisha ku mashini iboneye, ibikoresho byo kuganira, no kwangiza ibindi bice, nk'ikidodo cyangwa imikino. Igihe kirenze, kunyeganyega ntigishobora gutera gutsindwa.

INTAMBWE Z'IBIKORWA : Koresha Isesengura rya Vibration kugirango ugereranye inzererezi kandi umenye inshuro zihariye zijyanye no gutwara amakosa (urugero, umupira urengana amakosa cyangwa inshuro nyinshi). Gukurikirana buri gihe birashobora gufasha kumenya kuzamuka imigendekere, byerekana ibyangiritse. Niba kunyeganyega hejuru bigaragaye, kugenzura kubyara kwambara, kugenzura, hanyuma urebe ko rotor aringaniza. Gutabara hakiri kare birashobora gukumira kurushaho kwangirika.

Gutesha agaciro imikorere

Kwangiza ibyangiritse akenshi bigaragarira nko kugabanuka mubikorwa bya spindle, bigira ingaruka kubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza ubusobanuro, umuvuduko, n'imbaraga. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

l  Gutakaza ubusobanuro : Ibyangiritse birashobora gutera spindle inyeganyega cyangwa gutandukana n'inzira yagenewe, biganisha ku mahirwe mu mazi cyangwa gutema ibikorwa. Ibi birakomeye cyane mubikorwa byo kwerekana cyane nka CNC imashini za CNC, aho no gutandukana bito bishobora kwangiza.

l  Ihindagurika ryihuta : Ibyifuzo byambarwa cyangwa byangiritse birashobora guteza imbere ihohoterwa ridahuye, bigatuma moteri ya spindle irwanira kugumana umuvuduko uhamye. Ibi birashobora kuvamo imikorere yo gukata cyangwa gusya.

l  Imbaraga Zibinjira cyangwa Kurenza urugero : Nkuko bivumburwa, kongera amakimbirane bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gukomeza imikorere, biganisha ku gukoresha ingufu nyinshi cyangwa amashanyarazi atangirira. Mu bihe bikomeye, moteri irashobora guhagarara cyangwa kunanirwa gutangira burundu.

Impamvu ari ngombwa : Gutesha agaciro imikorere bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye ireme ryibisohoka hamwe nubukorikori bwimashini. Kunganda zishingiye kubyemezo no gushikama, nka aerospace cyangwa inganda zikora, ndetse nibibazo bike bishobora kuganisha ku gihombo cyimari cyangwa impungenge zumutekano.

Intambwe y'ibikorwa : Gukurikirana ibipimo by'imikorere, nko guhanuka kw'umuvuduko n'imbaraga, ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gusuzuma cyangwa uburyo bwo kugenzura imashini. Niba gutesha agaciro babigaragaye, kugenzura ibikoresho byo kwambara, reba amavuta, kandi urebe ko spindle ihinduka neza. Gukemura ibibazo byambere birashobora kugarura imikorere no gukumira izindi.

Ibara cyangwa impumuro

Impinduka zumubiri mubigize cyangwa ibigizemo uruhare, nko gukumira cyangwa kubanyamishure bidasanzwe, ni ibimenyetso binenga bikabije byo guhangayika, akenshi bifitanye isano no kunanirwa. Ibi bimenyetso birimo:

l  Guhagarika (indabyo cyangwa umukara) : Ibyinshi bimaze kugaragara byerekana ubururu cyangwa ibara ryubururu cyangwa umukara ku ruso rwabo kubera ibisekuru bikabije. Ibi birashobora kubaho mugihe imyidagaduro yiyongera kubera amavuta adahagije, imitwaro minini, cyangwa ibikorwa byigihe kirekire kumuvuduko uremereye. Guhindura ni ikimenyetso cyerekana ko ibikoresho birimo imihangayiko, bishobora guca intege imiterere yayo.

l  acrid cyangwa impumuro yatwitse : impumuro ityaye, acrid irashobora kwerekana ko gutinyuka gutwika cyangwa gusenyuka kubera ubushyuhe bukabije. Rimwe na rimwe, impumuro irashobora guturuka mu bikoresho birimo ibintu bitangiye gutesha agaciro cyangwa bivuye ahantu hamwe bigira ingaruka ku bushyuhe.

Impamvu ari ngombwa : Guhinduranya kandi impumuro yerekana ko kwihangana bikorwa mubihe bikabije, bishobora kwihutisha kwambara no kuganisha ku gutsindwa kweri. Kwishyurwa birashobora kandi kwangiza ibice byegeranye, nka kashe, shafts, cyangwa kurya, kongera amafaranga yo gusana no kumanura.

INTAMBWE Z'IGIKORWA : Niba kubabara cyangwa impumuro imenyekana, ako kanya funga moteri ya spindle kugirango wirinde izindi nyandiko. Kugenzura ibikoresho byo kuvura ibimenyetso byo kwishyurwa cyane, reba imiterere (urugero, vino, kwanduza), no gusuzuma ibihe bikora (urugero, umuvuduko, imitwaro, sisitemu yo gukonjesha). Simbuza ibikoresho byangiritse no kuzuza cyangwa kuzamura amavuta kugirango wirinde kwisubiraho.

Ingamba zo gukumira n'imikorere myiza

Kugabanya ibyago byo kwangiza no kwagura ubuzima bwa moteri ya spindle, suzuma imikorere myiza ikurikira:

Guhora  ushinzwe kubungabunga : Gushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kubungabunga bisanzwe birimo kugenzura amavuta, kugenzura guhuza, no gutanga igenzura. Koresha amavuta yo hejuru cyane akwiranye nibihe bya spindele.

L  bya Gukurikirana Shiraho imbeba kugirango ikururwe mugihe kunyeganyega birenze imipaka yemewe.

L  Gucunga Ubuyobozi bwa : Menyako gusigazwa bikwiye mugukurikirana urwego rwubuhinzi nubwiza. Koresha ubwoko bwabasabye kugirango usuzume intera kugirango ugabanye guterana no kwambara.

l  Igenzura ry'ibidukikije : Kugabanya umwanda ukomeza ibidukikije bisukuye no gukoresha kashe nziza yo kurinda imitwaro mu mukungugu, imyanda, cyangwa ubuhehere.

Guhugura  no kumenyekanisha : Abakoresha ba gari ya moshi hamwe nabakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga kugirango bamenye ibimenyetso byambere byo kwangirika, nko kuvungika bidasanzwe cyangwa impinduka zikora, no kumenyesha vuba.

Gutanga ibyangiritse muri moteri ya spindle birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye, ariko kumenya hakiri kare birashobora kuzigama byombi spindle n'imashini iyobora. Mugukomeza kuba maso kubimenyetso nkibidasanzwe, byongerewe kunyeganyega, kwangirika kw'imikorere, no guhinduranya cyangwa impumuro, abakora, abakora, abakora barashobora kumenya ibibazo mbere yo kwiyongera. Gukurikirana buri gihe, kubungabunga neza, kandi ibikorwa byihuse ni urufunguzo rwo kwemeza kwizerwa no kuramba kwa moteri ya spindle. Niba hari kimwe muri ibyo bimenyetso bigaragara, kora byihuse kugenzura no gukemura ikibazo, kugisha inama inzobere zifite inzobere cyangwa uruganda rwa spindle nkuko bikenewe kugirango bigaruke imikorere myiza.

Umwanzuro

Gutanga ibyangiritse muri spindle moteri ni iterabwoba ryibihingwa bishobora gutera gutsindwa, kumanura, nibiciro byingenzi iyo bitagenzuwe. Mugusobanukirwa ibitera-Kurenza urugero, kwanduza, no kwirengagiza - no gukoresha ibikoresho byambere nkibisesengura bya vibration hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya vibration, abakora barashobora kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare kandi gufata ingamba zo gukosora no gufata ingamba zo gukosora. Gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho no gushyira mubikorwa ibidukikije bigenzura ibindi birengera ingaruka ku mbibi, tugahore imikorere no gusobanuka. Ibikoresho bifite imbaraga moteri ya spindle, kandi ubashyire mubikorwa byubushakashatsi kandi hamenyereye ingamba zimenyereza ibikorwa ni ngombwa mukwiringirwa kwizerwa. Kubisubizo bihumanye, bigisha inama yo kubyara abakora cyangwa abahanga mu by'inzobere mu guhitamo guhitamo no kubungabunga ibyifuzo byawe byihariye.