Amancinci Mashine ya router ya CNC Iimpawu eziBalulekileyo: Ubungqongqo beSakhelo, Indawo yokusebenza, iSpindle, kunye noMlawuli

Umzila we-CNC obambeneyo unokujongeka unomtsalane kwiphepha lengcaciso. Nangona kunjalo, amanani achukumisayo awasoloko evelisa ukusikwa okucocekileyo.

Ukuqina kwesakhelo, indawo yokusebenza, ukusebenza kwe-spindle, kunye nokuhambelana nomlawuli kuqinisekisa ixabiso lokwenyani lomatshini. Baphembelela ukuchaneka, ukugqiba umphezulu, isantya sokusebenza, kunye nokhetho lweprojekthi yexesha elizayo.

Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela yokuvavanya uphawu ngalunye. Uya kufunda izinto ezibalulekileyo ngamaplanga, i-acrylic, iplastiki, iPCB, kunye nomatshini wentsimbi ethambileyo.

Chaza iNcinane yakho Mashine ya router ya CNC Iimfuno kuqala

Incinci Mashine ya router ya CNC ilandela iindlela zesixhobo ezicwangcisiweyo ukukrola, ukusika, ukugrumba, kunye nezixhobo zokusila ezahlukeneyo. Umkhondo wayo obambeneyo ulungele iindibano zocweyo zasekhaya, iilabhoratri, izikolo, izitudiyo zokuchwetheza, kunye namashishini amancinci emveliso.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthelekise oomatshini, dwelisa iindawo olindele ukuvelisa. Rekhoda imilinganiselo yazo, imathiriyeli, ubukhulu, ukunyamezela, kunye nomthamo olindelekileyo wenyanga. Ezi nkcukacha zidala isiseko esiluncedo kwisigqibo ngasinye kamva.

Izinto eziphathekayo zichaphazela kakhulu ukucwangciswa komatshini ofunekayo. I-Foam kunye ne-softwood zibeka imithwalo elinganiselweyo yokusika kwisakhelo. Umthi onzima, iiplastiki zobunjineli, kunye ne-aluminiyam zifuna ukuqina ngakumbi, intshukumo elawulwayo, kunye namandla afanelekileyo okusonta.

Indawo yokusebenza nayo ibalulekile. Ukulinganisa ibhentshi, iindonga ezikufutshane, iminyango, kunye nendawo yokulayisha. Bandakanya igumbi lekhompyutha, umqokeleli wothuli, izixhobo zokupholisa, izixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto.

A ebanzi IsiKhokelo esiBanzi sokuThenga iNdlela ye-CNC yoRhwebo-Ihlabathi le-CNC lixhasa inkqubo efanayo-yokuqala. Ubungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo, umthwalo womsebenzi, isoftware, izixhobo, inkxaso, kunye nendawo ekhoyo kufuneka ikhokele ukuthengwa.

I-Huajiang yaqala ukuvelisa ii-motor ze-CNC zokukrola i-spindle ngo-2000. Yandiswa kamva ibe yi-VFDs kunye noomatshini bokukrola be-CNC. I Malunga Nathi - iZhonghuajiang Spindle yasekwa ngo-2018, ixhaswa ngamava okuvelisa kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso.

Ukuqina kweSakhelo siLawula ukuchaneka kunye noMgangatho woMphezulu

Ukuqina kwesakhelo sichaza indlela umatshini amelana ngayo nokunyakaza phantsi kwemikhosi yokusika. Sonke isixhobo sokusika sityhala ngokuchasene nesixhobo. Isakhelo esiguqukayo sivumela i-spindle okanye i-gantry ukuba itshintshe kancinci.

Loo ntshukumo inokudala incoko, imiphetho engalinganiyo, imilinganiselo engachanekanga, okanye izixhobo ezaphukileyo. Ingxaki iya icaca ngakumbi ngexesha lokusikeka okunzulu, ukutya okukhawulezayo, kunye nomatshini wesinyithi othambileyo.

Jonga Ngaphaya Kwesixhobo Sesakhelo

I-Aluminiyam inokubonelela ngebhalansi esebenzayo phakathi kokuqina, ubunzima, kunye nokumelana nokubola. Intsimbi inokubonelela ngobunzima obukhulu kunye nolawulo lokungcangcazela. Nangona kunjalo, amagama ezinto eziphathekayo kuphela akanakuqinisekisa umgangatho womatshini.

Jonga uyilo olupheleleyo lwesakhiwo:

• Ulwakhiwo lweGantry: Igantry engqindilili, exhaswa kakuhle iyaxhathisa ukujijeka. Iiganti ezinde okanye ezingaxhaswanga zinokugoba ngexesha lokusikeka okunamandla.

• Umgangatho odityanisiweyo: Iibholiti ezixekileyo kunye noqhagamshelo olungafakwanga kakuhle lunciphisa ukuqina. Imiphezulu exhonywe ngoomatshini ngokufanelekileyo igcina ulungelelwaniso.

• Ulwakhiwo lwe-Z-axis: I-Z-axis emfutshane, exhaswayo idla ngokukhawulela i-leverage. Ukuphakama okugqithisileyo kwe-gantry kunokunciphisa ukuqina.

• Amacandelo entshukumo yomgca: Izikhokelo zomgca ezixhaswayo zilawula intshukumo ye-axis engcono kuneentonga ezingaxhaswanga phantsi kwemithwalo enzima.

• Isiseko soomatshini: Isiseko esizinzileyo sinciphisa ukushukuma kunye nokungcangcazela ngexesha lotshintsho olukhawulezayo.

Ubunzima bomatshini bunokunika isikhokelo esiluncedo, kodwa ayisiyiyo imilinganiselo epheleleyo. Ubunzima obubekwe kakubi benza kancinci ukuxhasa indlela yokusika. Ijometri yolwakhiwo kunye nomgangatho wonxibelelwano uhlala ubalulekile.

Jonga iNkqubo yeMotion

Izikrufu zebhola zibonelela ngentshukumo yomgca elawulwayo kunye ne-backlash ephantsi. Zifanele umzobo oneenkcukacha, umsebenzi ophindayo, kunye nokusetyenzwa kwesinyithi esilula. Izikrufu ze-lead zinokuba noqoqosho kwizicelo ezikhaphukhaphu, nangona ukunxiba kunye ne-backlash ifanele ukuhoywa.

Iibhanti zinokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisebenze kakuhle ngokhuni okanye i-foam. Nangona kunjalo, ukolulwa kwebhanti kunokuchaphazela iziphumo phantsi kwemithwalo enzima yokusika. Iinkqubo zeRack-and-pinion zivela rhoqo kwiirutha ezinkulu ze-CNC.

Cela ukuchaneka kokubeka kunye nedatha yokuphindaphinda ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuchaneka kokuma kubonisa ukuba umatshini usondele kangakanani kwindawo eyalelweyo. Ukuphinda-phinda kubonisa ukuba ingabuyela kuloo ndawo rhoqo.

Umatshini kufuneka kwakhona uhlale kwibhentshi eqinileyo, esemgangathweni. Nokuba i-router ye-CNC eqinile inokwenza kakubi kwitafile ebuthathaka. Hlola iziqhoboshi rhoqo kuba ukungcangcazela kunokukhulula izakhi kunye nezixhobo ezishukumayo.

Khetha iNdawo yoMsebenzi eSekwe kuMacandelo oMqobo

Ubungakanani bomatshini obupapashiweyo abusoloko bulingana nendawo yokusika enokusetyenziswa. Jonga uhambo olusebenzayo lwe-X, Y, no-Z phambi kokuodola.

Uhambo lwe-X kunye no-Y lumisela indawo enkulu yeflethi eqhutywe kwiseto enye. Z ukulawula ukuhamba kwesixhobo, ukutyeba kwezinto, ukuphakama kwesixhobo, kunye nobunzulu obusebenzisekayo bokusika. Umsebenzi omde unokusebenzisa uhambo olukhoyo lwe-Z ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukusika.

Bandakanya ukuBamba kunye nokuSuswa kweZixhobo

I-300 × 400mm workpiece ayifaki ngokuzenzekelayo indawo yokusika i-300 × 400mm. Iiclamps, i-edge margins, iindawo zokumisa ulungelelwaniso, kunye nokufikelela kwesixhobo kufuna indawo eyongezelelweyo.

Cwangcisa indawo yakho enkulu eqhelekileyo kuneprojekthi engaqhelekanga yexesha elizayo. Ukuthenga uhambo olugqithisileyo kunyusa umgangatho, ixabiso, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iimfuno zesakhiwo. Ukuthenga okuncinci kakhulu amandla okuhamba aphindaphinda ukubekwa ngokutsha kwezinto.

I-Material tileng ivumela i-router encinci ukuba isebenze iindawo ezinde. Umsebenzisi usika icandelo elinye, abeke ngokutsha izinto, aze aqhubeke nendlela yesixhobo. Igcina indawo yomatshini kodwa yonyusa ixesha lokuseta kunye nomngcipheko wolungelelwaniso.

Umzobo womatshini nawo kufuneka ujongwe. Iimoto, iintambo zentambo, iibhokisi zokulawula, kunye nokufikelela kwi-emergency-stop-stop inokwandisa ngaphaya kwendawo yokusika. Abaqhubi bafuna indawo yokulayisha imathiriyeli kunye nokwenza ulondolozo ngokukhuselekileyo.

Njengomzekelo osebenzayo, i 6040 Mashine ya router ya CNC 3 i-axis 4 i-axis 300W 800W 1500W MACH3 300x400mm dwelisa i-400 × 570 × 75mm indawo yokusebenza esebenzayo. Iimpawu zayo ziquka i-6061 T5 isakhelo se-aluminium, i-ball-screw transmission, kunye ne-0.05mm yokuchaneka kokumisa.

Thelekisa la manani xa uthelekisa neeprojekthi ezizizo. Sukukhetha imodeli kuba igama layo libonakala limele ubungakanani betafile ethile.

Tshatisa iSpindle kwizinto zakho kunye nokusika imithwalo

I-spindle ijikeleza isixhobo sokusika kwaye inikezela amandla afunekayo ekususeni izinto eziphathekayo. Amandla ayo, uluhlu lwesantya, iibheringi, i-collet, inkqubo yokupholisa, kunye ne-runout inempembelelo kwiziphumo zobuchwephesha.

Amanzi amaninzi awenza ngokuzenzekelayo amalungu angcono. I-spindle enamandla kwifreyim ebhetyebhetye inokunyusa ukungcangcazela. Umsonto omncinci, ozinzileyo unokuzisa iziphumo ezicocekileyo ngexesha lokukrolwa okuhle.

Vavanya amandla kunye nesantya kunye

Izantya eziphezulu zokuphotha zixhasa izixhobo ezinobubanzi obuncinci ezisetyenziselwa ukukrola, ukucola iPCB, kunye nomsebenzi oneenkcukacha we-acrylic. Abasiki abakhulu kunye namanxeba anzima ahlala efuna itorque eyomeleleyo.

Isixhobo sikwatshintsha imfuneko:

I-Spindle runout ichaza ukujikeleziswa kwesixhobo okungafunwayo kude nendawo yayo yokwenyani. Ukubaleka okugqithisileyo kudala ukusikeka okubanzi, ukugqitywa okurhabaxa, kunye nokunxiba izixhobo ezikhawulezayo. Kuba kubaluleke ngakumbi xa usebenzisa amasuntswana okukrola amancinci.

Umthamo we-Collet umisela ukuba yeyiphi isixhobo esenziwa ngumatshini owamkelwayo. ER11 iikholethi zixhaphakile kwiirutha zeCNC ezixineneyo. Iinkqubo ezinkulu ze-collet zixhasa uluhlu lwezixhobo ezibanzi, kodwa zifuna i-spindle ehambelanayo.

Thelekisa iindlela zokupholisa

I-spindles ezipholileyo zomoya zibonelela ngokufakela ngokuthe ngqo. Abayifuni impompo, itanki yokupholisa, okanye imibhobho yamanzi. Abalandeli babo abakhelwe ngaphakathi banokudala ingxolo eyongezelelweyo.

Iispindles ezipholiswe ngamanzi zinokusebenza ngokuzolileyo kwaye zilawule ubushushu ngexesha lemisebenzi emide. Bafuna impompo, ireservoir, imibhobho, kunye neetshekhi zokupholisa rhoqo.

I-VFD ibonelela ngesantya sokusonta esilungelelanisiweyo kwi-spindles ye-AC ehambelanayo. Qinisekisa i-voltage, i-frequency, ireyithingi ye-spindle, kunye nomqondiso wokulawula phambi kokuqhagamshela izixhobo.

Buza ukuba isantya se-spindle sinokulawulwa ngenkqubo ye-CNC. Ulawulo lwesantya olwenziwa ngesandla lunokulungela umsebenzi wamaxesha athile. Imiyalelo yesantya ezenzekelayo iphucula ukuphinda-phinda kuyo yonke imisebenzi egciniweyo yemveliso.

Vavanya uMlawuli we-CNC kunye nokuGcwalisa uMatshini wokuSebenza

Umlawuli uguqula ikhowudi ye-G ibe yi-axis elungelelanisiweyo kunye neentshukumo zokusonta. Idibanisa ukuhamba komsebenzi woyilo lwedijithali kumatshini womzimba.

Umlawuli kufuneka atshatise izakhono zakho zesoftware kunye neemfuno zemveliso. Ihardware entsonkothileyo ibonelela ngexabiso elincinci xa abaqhubi bengakwazi ukuyiqwalasela okanye ukuyigcina.

GRBL , Mach3, kunye noLawulo lwe-Offline

GRBL -abalawuli abasekwe zixhaphakile kumatshini wedesktop wokungena kwinqanaba. Ziyafikeleleka, ziyafikeleleka, kwaye zixhaswa ziinkqubo ezininzi zabathumeli bekhowudi ye-G. Ngokuqhelekileyo bafanelekela umzobo wokukrola kunye nezicelo zokusebenzela ezilula.

Iinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-Mach3 zibonelela ngokhetho olubanzi lolungelelwaniso lweekhompyuter zeWindows ezihambelanayo kunye nehardware yokulawula ukuhamba. Ngokutsho kwe inkcazo esemthethweni ye-Mach3 , isoftware iqhuba ikhowudi ye-G kwaye ilawula i-stepper okanye i-servo motor movement.

Abalawuli abangaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi banokuqhuba iifayile ezigciniweyo ngaphandle koqhagamshelo olusisigxina kwikhompyuter. Eli lungiselelo linciphisa i-clutter ye-workshop kwaye ikhusela imveliso ekuphazamiseni ikhompyutha.

Nangona kunjalo, i-interface yinto enye kuphela yokuqwalaselwa. Qinisekisa ezi zakhono zokulawula:

• Inkxaso ye-CAD/CAM post-processors kunye neefomati zekhowudi ye-G

• I-USB, i-Ethernet, okanye indlela yokudlulisa iifayile ngaphandle kweintanethi

• Ukutshintsha umda kunye nemisebenzi ye-homing

• Uqhagamshelo olungxamisekileyo lokumisa

• Isixhobo sobude beprobe inkxaso

• Isantya se-Spindle kunye nolawulo lweVFD

• Ukutya ukubamba kunye nomsebenzi-ukuqalisa imisebenzi

• Iisetingi zangoku kunye nenyathelo leMotor

• Ukugcinwa kweParameter kunye nokubuyisela

• Ubukho beencwadi kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa

Umlawuli akakwazi ukulungisa isakhelo esiguquguqukayo okanye isixokelelwano sentshukumo esingalunganga. Ngokufanayo, umatshini oqinileyo awukwazi ukuhambisa umsebenzi ohambelanayo ukusuka kumanyathelo angalunganga-nge-millimeter nganye.

Jonga unxulumano phakathi komlawuli, abaqhubi, kunye neenjini ezinyathelayo. Ifaniswe ngokufanelekileyo ngoku, i-voltage, i-acceleration, kunye nesetingi ze-pulse zixhasa intshukumo ezinzileyo. Ukukhawuleza okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukungcangcazela okanye ukuphosa amanyathelo.

Qhuba ifayile yekhowudi ye-G yesampula phambi kokuqala imathiriyeli ebalulekileyo. Qinisekisa izalathiso ze-axis, imida yomatshini, useto lwemvelaphi, imiyalelo yokusonta, kunye nomsebenzi wokumisa kaxakeka.

Ukusetyenziswa kweshishini, buza ukuba iifayile zoqwalaselo zigcinwa njani. Iprofayile yomlawuli egciniweyo inokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla emva kokutshintshwa kwekhompyuter okanye ukusilela kwesoftware.

Ukuqukumbela

Eyona Ncinci ingcono Mashine ya router ya CNC ayiyomodeli nje inkulu okanye inamandla.

Khetha isakhelo esiqinileyo, indawo yokusebenza ebonakalayo, i-spindle efanelekileyo, kunye nomlawuli ohambelanayo. Emva koko qinisekisa amacandelo entshukumo, iimpawu zokhuseleko, izixhobo, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa.

UZhong Hua Jiang unokunceda abathengi bafanise ezi mpawu nemathiriyeli, ubungakanani beenxalenye, kunye neemfuno ezilindelekileyo zemveliso.

FAQs Malunga neNcinane Mashine ya router ya CNC s

Umbuzo: Yeyiphi indawo yokusebenza eyona ilungileyo kwiNcinci Mashine ya router ya CNC ?

A: Khetha indawo enkulu kancinane kuneyona misebenzi iqhelekileyo. Bandakanya igumbi leeclamps, iindawo zokumisa ulungelelwaniso, kunye nentshukumo yesixhobo. I-PCB encinci kunye neeprojekthi ze-nameplate zinokufuna uhambo oluncinci. Iimpawu, iiphaneli, kunye noyilo lwebhetshi lufuna indawo eninzi. Jonga uhambo olusebenzayo lwe-X, Y, kunye no-Z endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwigama lemodeli.

Umbuzo: Ngaba isakhelo se-aluminiyam siqinile ngokwaneleyo kumzila we-CNC?

A: Isakhelo se-aluminiyam eyilwe kakuhle sinokuphatha umthi, i-acrylic, iplastiki, i-PCB, kunye nomsebenzi wesinyithi othambileyo okhanyayo. Ubukhulu beprofayili, inkxaso ye-gantry, umgangatho odibeneyo, kunye nezikhokelo zomgca nazo zichaphazela ukuqina. Ukusika i-aluminiyam enzima kunokufuna isakhiwo esomeleleyo, ulwandiso olufutshane lwesixhobo, kunye neeparamitha zokusika ezigcinayo.

Q: Mangakanani amandla okusonta kufuneka umzila omncinci we-CNC?

A: Ukukrolwa okukhanyayo kunokufuna amakhulu ambalwa ewatts. Umthi oqinileyo, i-acrylic engqindilili, kunye nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wentsimbi ethambileyo unokuxhamla kwi-800W ukuya kwi-1500W okanye ngaphezulu. Amandla omdlalo wokwenza isakhelo samandla, ubukhulu besixhobo, ubunzulu bokusika, kunye nexesha lemveliso. I-Spindle runout kunye ne-torque inokubaluleka ngaphezu komthamo omkhulu wamanzi.

Umbuzo: Ngaba i-router encinci ye-CNC inokusika i-aluminium?

A: Ewe, abanye oomatshini abaqinileyo banokukrola kwaye basike kancinci i-aluminiyam. Sebenzisa isisiki esifanelekileyo, izinga lokutya elilawulwayo, iipasi ezingenzulwanga, kunye nokususwa kwetshiphu esebenzayo. Isakhelo, i-Z-axis, i-spindle, kunye nokusebenza kufuneka kuhlale kuzinzile. Iirotha ezincinci akufuneki ziphathwe njengoomatshini abakhulu bokugaya.

Umbuzo: Ngaba GRBL okanye i-Mach3 ingcono kubaqalayo?

A: GRBL inikeza indawo yokungena elula nefikelelekayo koomatshini ababambeneyo. I-Mach3 ibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zoqwalaselo kwiinkqubo ezihambelanayo ezisekwe kwiWindows. Ukhetho olungcono luxhomekeke kwi-hardware yomlawuli, ukuhamba komsebenzi wesofthiwe, imisebenzi efunekayo, kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa ekhoyo. Qinisekisa ukuhambelana phambi kokuthenga umatshini.