Gitoya Imashini ya CNC Router Ibiranga Ibyingenzi: Ikadiri Rigidite, Agace k'akazi, Spindle, na Mugenzuzi

Inzira ya CNC yoroheje irashobora kugaragara neza kurupapuro rwihariye. Ariko, imibare itangaje ntabwo buri gihe itanga gukata neza.

Ikadiri ikaze, aho ikorera, imikorere ya spindle, hamwe nubugenzuzi bugena agaciro nyako imashini. Ihindura ukuri, kurangiza hejuru, umuvuduko wimikorere, hamwe namahitamo yimishinga.

Aka gatabo gasobanura uburyo bwo gusuzuma buri kintu. Uzamenya icyangombwa kubiti, acrylic, plastike, PCB, hamwe no gutunganya ibyuma byoroshye.

Sobanura Ntoya Imashini ya CNC Router Ibisabwa Mbere

Gitoya Imashini ya CNC Router ikurikira inzira zateguwe zo gushushanya, gukata, gucukura, no gusya ibikoresho bitandukanye. Ikirenge cyacyo gikwiranye n'amahugurwa yo murugo, laboratoire, amashuri, sitidiyo ya prototyping, hamwe nubucuruzi buciriritse.

Mbere yo kugereranya imashini, andika ibice uteganya kubyara. Andika ibipimo byabo, ibikoresho, ubunini, kwihanganira, hamwe nubunini buteganijwe buri kwezi. Ibisobanuro birambuye birema ibyingenzi kuri buri cyemezo nyuma.

Ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumashini isabwa. Ifuro na softwood shyira imipaka igabanya imipaka. Hardwood, plastike yubuhanga, na aluminiyumu bisaba gukomera, kugenda kugenzurwa, nimbaraga zikwiye.

Umwanya w'akazi nawo ufite akamaro. Gupima intebe, inkuta zegeranye, inzugi z'umuryango, n'umwanya wo gupakira. Shyiramo icyumba cya mudasobwa, ikusanya ivumbi, ibikoresho bikonje, ibikoresho, nububiko bwibikoresho.

Mugari Ubucuruzi Bwuzuye bwa CNC Inzira yo Kugura - CNC Isi ishyigikira uburyo bumwe-bwa mbere. Ingano y'ibikoresho, akazi, software, ibikoresho, inkunga, n'umwanya uhari bigomba kuyobora kugura.

Huajiang yatangiye gukora moteri ya CNC ishushanya moteri mu 2000. Nyuma yaje kwaguka muri VFDs n'imashini zishushanya CNC. Uwiteka Ibyacu - Zhonghuajiang Spindle yashinzwe muri 2018, ishyigikiwe nuburambe no gukora ibintu.

Ikadiri Rigidity Igenzura Ukuri nubuziranenge bwubuso

Gukomera kumurongo bisobanura uburyo imashini irwanya kugenda munsi yingufu zo guca. Igikoresho cyose cyo gukata gisunika kubintu. Ikintu cyoroshye cyemerera spindle cyangwa gantry guhinduka gato.

Urwo rugendo rushobora gukora ibiganiro, impande zingana, ibipimo bitari byo, cyangwa ibikoresho byacitse. Ikibazo kigaragara neza mugihe cyo gukata cyane, kugaburira byihuse, no gutunganya ibyuma byoroshye.

Reba Hanze Ibikoresho

Aluminiyumu irashobora gutanga uburinganire bwiza hagati yo gukomera, uburemere, no kurwanya ruswa. Ibyuma birashobora gutanga misa nyinshi hamwe no kugenzura ibinyeganyega. Ariko, amazina yibikoresho yonyine ntashobora kwemeza ubuziranenge bwimashini.

Reba igishushanyo mbonera cyuzuye:

• Kubaka Gantry: Gantry yuzuye, ishyigikiwe neza irwanya kugoreka. Ibirebire birebire cyangwa bidashyigikiwe birashobora guhinduka mugihe cyo gukata.

• Ubwiza bufatanije: Bolt irekuye kandi ihuza nabi bigabanya gukomera. Gukora neza neza gushiraho hejuru bikomeza guhuza.

• Imiterere ya Z-axis: Mugufi, ushyigikiwe Z-axis mubisanzwe igabanya imbaraga. Uburebure bukabije bwa gantry burashobora kugabanya gukomera.

• Ibice byerekana umurongo: Gushyigikirwa kumurongo uyobora kugenzura umurongo ugenda neza kuruta inkoni zidashyigikiwe munsi yimitwaro iremereye.

• Imashini shingiro: Urufatiro ruhamye rugabanya kunyeganyega no kunyeganyega mugihe cyerekezo cyihuse.

Uburemere bwimashini burashobora gutanga ibimenyetso byingirakamaro, ariko ntabwo ari igipimo cyuzuye. Misa ishyizwe nabi ntabwo ikora kugirango ishyigikire inzira. Imiterere ya geometrie nuburyo bwo guhuza bikomeza kuba ngombwa.

Reba Sisitemu Yimuka

Imipira yumupira itanga umurongo ugenzurwa no gusubira inyuma. Bikwiranye no gushushanya birambuye, gusubiramo imirimo, no gutunganya ibyuma byoroheje. Imiyoboro yambere irashobora kuba ingirakamaro kubikorwa byoroheje, nubwo kwambara no gusubiza inyuma bikwiye kwitabwaho.

Umukandara urashobora kugenda vuba kandi ugakora neza kubiti cyangwa ifuro. Nyamara, kurambura umukandara birashobora kugira ingaruka kubisubizo bisaba kugabanya imitwaro. Sisitemu ya Rack-na-pinion igaragara cyane kumurongo munini wa CNC.

Saba umwanya uhagaze neza kandi usubiremo amakuru ukwayo. Imyanya ihagaze neza yerekana uburyo imashini igera ahantu hateganijwe. Gusubiramo byerekana niba ishobora gusubira aho hantu buri gihe.

Imashini igomba kandi kwicara ku ntebe ihamye, iringaniye. Ndetse na router ikomeye ya CNC irashobora gukora nabi kumeza idakomeye. Kugenzura ibifunga buri gihe kuko kunyeganyega bishobora kugabanya ibice byubaka.

Hitamo Ahantu Akazi Ukurikije Ibice Byukuri

Ingano yimashini yamamajwe ntabwo buri gihe ihwanye nigice cyayo cyo gukata. Reba neza ingendo X, Y, na Z mbere yo gutumiza.

Urugendo X na Y rugena igice kinini kinini cyatunganijwe muburyo bumwe. Z ingendo igenzura ibikoresho, uburebure bwibintu, uburebure bwimiterere, hamwe nogukoresha ubujyakuzimu. Igicapo kirekire kirashobora gukoresha ingendo Z iboneka mbere yo gukata gutangira.

Shyiramo Clamping hamwe nigikoresho cyo gukuraho

Igikorwa cya 300 × 400mm ntabwo gihita gikwira ahantu haciwe 300 × 400mm. Clamps, impande zombi, guhuza guhagarara, hamwe nibikoresho bikenera umwanya winyongera.

Teganya igice kinini cyawe aho kuba umushinga udasanzwe w'ejo hazaza. Kugura ingendo zikabije byongera ikirenge, igiciro, kandi rimwe na rimwe ibisabwa byubatswe. Kugura imbaraga nke zingendo zisubiramo ibintu.

Kuringaniza ibikoresho bituma router ntoya itunganya ibice birebire. Umukoresha agabanya igice kimwe, asubiramo ibikoresho, kandi akomeza inzira yinzira. Ikiza umwanya wimashini ariko ikongera igihe cyo gushiraho no guhuza ibyago.

Ikirenge cyimashini nacyo kigomba kugenzurwa. Moteri, iminyururu ya kabili, agasanduku k'ubugenzuzi, hamwe no guhagarara byihutirwa birashobora kwaguka kurenga aho gukata. Abakoresha bakeneye umwanya wo gupakira ibikoresho no gukora neza.

Nkurugero rufatika ,. 6040 Imashini ya CNC Router 3 Axis 4 Axis 300W 800W 1500W MACH3 300x400mm yerekana urutonde rwa 400 × 570 × 75mm. Mubisobanuro byayo harimo 6061 T5 ya aluminiyumu, guhererekanya imipira, hamwe na 0.05mm ihagaze neza.

Gereranya iyi mibare n'imishinga ifatika. Ntuhitemo icyitegererezo kuko izina ryayo risa naho ryerekana ingano yimeza.

Huza Spindle kubikoresho byawe no gukata imitwaro

Spindle izunguruka igikoresho cyo gukata kandi itanga imbaraga zikenewe mugukuraho ibintu. Imbaraga zayo, umuvuduko ukabije, ibyuma, gukusanya, sisitemu yo gukonjesha, hamwe na runout bigira ingaruka kumashini.

Wattage nyinshi ntabwo ihita ikora ibice byiza. Imbaraga zikomeye kumurongo woroshye zishobora kongera kunyeganyega. Gitoya, ihamye irashobora gutanga ibisubizo bisukuye mugihe cyo gushushanya neza.

Suzuma imbaraga n'umuvuduko hamwe

Umuvuduko mwinshi wa spindle ushyigikira ibikoresho bito-diameter bikoreshwa mugushushanya, gusya PCB, hamwe nakazi ka acrylic. Gukata binini no gukata biremereye mubisanzwe bisaba umuriro mwinshi.

Ibikoresho nabyo bihindura ibisabwa:

Spindle runout isobanura ibikoresho bidakenewe kuzunguruka kure yukuri hagati. Kurenza urugero birema gukata kwagutse, kurangiza bikabije, no kwambara ibikoresho byihuse. Biba ngombwa cyane cyane mugihe ukoresheje utuntu duto duto.

Ubushobozi bwo gukusanya bugena igikoresho cyerekana imashini yemera. ER11 ibyegeranyo birasanzwe kuri comptabilite ya CNC. Sisitemu nini ya collet ishyigikira ibikoresho byagutse, ariko birasaba kandi kuzenguruka.

Gereranya Uburyo bukonje

Umuyaga ukonje uhumeka utanga kwishyiriraho neza. Ntibakenera pompe, ikigega gikonjesha, cyangwa amazi. Abafana babo bubakiwe barashobora gutera urusaku rwinyongera.

Amazi akonjesha amazi arashobora gukora atuje kandi akayobora ubushyuhe mugihe cyakazi kirekire. Bakenera pompe, ikigega, ama shitingi, hamwe na cheque ya coolant isanzwe.

VFD itanga umuvuduko uhindagurika kuri spindle ya AC ihuza. Emeza voltage, inshuro, igipimo cya spindle, hamwe nikimenyetso cyo kugenzura mbere yo guhuza ibikoresho.

Baza niba umuvuduko wa spindle ushobora kugenzurwa binyuze muri gahunda ya CNC. Kugenzura umuvuduko wintoki birashobora guhuza akazi rimwe na rimwe. Amashanyarazi yihuta yatezimbere asubiramo imirimo yabitswe.

Suzuma umugenzuzi wa CNC hamwe na Machine Yuzuye Yuzuye

Umugenzuzi ahindura G-code mu murongo uhujwe no kuzenguruka. Ihuza igishushanyo mbonera cyimikorere yimashini ifatika.

Umugenzuzi agomba guhuza ubuhanga bwa software hamwe nibikenewe mu musaruro. Ibyuma bigoye bitanga agaciro gake mugihe abakoresha badashobora kugena cyangwa kukibungabunga.

GRBL , Mach3, na Igenzura rya Offline

GRBL Zirahendutse, ziragerwaho, kandi zishyigikiwe na progaramu nyinshi zohereza G-code. Mubisanzwe bikwiranye no gushushanya no gukoresha amahugurwa.

Sisitemu ishingiye kuri Mach3 itanga uburyo bwagutse bwo guhitamo mudasobwa igendanwa ya Windows hamwe nibikoresho bigenzura. Ukurikije Uwiteka Ibisobanuro bya Mach3 byemewe , software itunganya G-code kandi igenzura intambwe cyangwa servo igenda.

Abagenzuzi ba Offline barashobora gukoresha dosiye zabitswe nta mudasobwa ihoraho. Iyi gahunda igabanya akajagari k'amahugurwa kandi ikarinda umusaruro guhagarika mudasobwa.

Ariko, Imigaragarire ni imwe gusa. Emeza ubwo bushobozi bwo kugenzura:

• Gushyigikirwa CAD / CAM nyuma yo gutunganya na format ya G-code

• USB, Ethernet, cyangwa uburyo bwo kohereza dosiye

• Kugabanya guhinduranya no gukora imirimo yo gutaha

• Guhuza byihutirwa

• Inkunga-ndende yubushakashatsi

• Kwihuta kwihuta no kugenzura VFD

• Kugaburira-gufata no gukora-imirimo

• Moteri igezweho nintambwe igenamigambi

• Kugarura ibipimo no kugarura

• Kuboneka kw'imfashanyigisho hamwe n'inkunga ya tekiniki

Umugenzuzi ntashobora gukosora ibintu byoroshye cyangwa sisitemu yimikorere idahuye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imashini ikaze ntishobora gutanga akazi gahoraho kuva intambwe itari yo kuri milimetero.

Reba isano iri hagati yumugenzuzi, abashoferi, na moteri yintambwe. Ihuza neza nubu, voltage, kwihuta, hamwe na pulse igenamigambi ishyigikira kugenda neza. Kwihuta gukabije birashobora gutera kunyeganyega cyangwa kubura intambwe.

Koresha icyitegererezo cya G-code mbere yo gutangira ibikoresho byagaciro. Emeza icyerekezo cya axis, imipaka yimashini, igenamiterere ryinkomoko, amabwiriza ya spindle, nibikorwa byihutirwa.

Kugirango ukoreshe ubucuruzi, baza uburyo dosiye iboneza ibitswe. Umwirondoro wabitswe wabitswe urashobora kugabanya igihe gito nyuma yo gusimbuza mudasobwa cyangwa kunanirwa kwa software.

Umwanzuro

Ibyiza bito Imashini ya CNC Router ntabwo ari moderi nini cyangwa ikomeye cyane.

Hitamo ikadiri itajenjetse, ahantu ho gukorera, ahantu heza, hamwe no kugenzura neza. Noneho wemeze ibice byimikorere, ibiranga umutekano, ibikoresho, nubufasha bwa tekiniki.

Zhong Hua Jiang irashobora gufasha abaguzi guhuza ibi bikoresho nibikoresho, ingano y'ibice, hamwe n'ibiteganijwe gukorwa.

Ibibazo Byerekeranye na Ntoya Imashini ya CNC Router s

Ikibazo: Ni uwuhe mwanya w'akazi ari mwiza kuri Ntoya Imashini ya CNC Router ?

Igisubizo: Hitamo agace kanini gato kurenza ibihangano byawe bisanzwe. Shyiramo icyumba cya clamps, guhuza guhagarara, no kugenda ibikoresho. Imishinga mito ya PCB na nameplate imishinga irashobora gukenera ingendo nke. Ibimenyetso, imbaho, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bisaba umwanya munini. Reba neza ingendo X, Y, na Z aho kwishingikiriza izina ryicyitegererezo.

Ikibazo: Ese ikaramu ya aluminiyumu irakomeye bihagije kuri CNC?

Igisubizo: Ikaramu nziza ya aluminiyumu irashobora gukora ibiti, acrike, plastike, PCB, hamwe nicyuma cyoroshye cyoroshye. Umubyimba wumwirondoro, inkunga ya gantry, ubuziranenge hamwe, hamwe nuyobora umurongo nabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye. Gukata aluminiyumu iremereye birashobora gusaba imiterere ikomeye, kwagura ibikoresho bigufi, hamwe no kugabanya ibicuruzwa.

Ikibazo: Ni bangahe imbaraga za spindle router ntoya ya CNC ikeneye?

Igisubizo: Gushushanya urumuri birashobora gusaba gusa watt magana. Igiti gikomeye, acrylic yuzuye, hamwe nicyuma gisanzwe cyoroshye gishobora kungukirwa na 800W kugeza 1500W cyangwa irenga. Huza imbaraga zo gushiraho imbaraga, igikoresho cya diameter, kugabanya ubujyakuzimu, nigihe cyo gukora. Spindle runout na torque birashobora kuba birenze wattage ntarengwa.

Ikibazo: Router ntoya ya CNC irashobora guca aluminium?

Igisubizo: Yego, imashini zimwe zikomeye zirashobora gushushanya no guca aluminium yoroheje. Koresha igikata gikwiye, igipimo cyibiryo bigenzurwa, pasiporo ntoya, no gukuraho chip neza. Ikadiri, Z-axis, kuzunguruka, hamwe nakazi bigomba kuguma bihamye. Router ntoya ntigomba gufatwa nkimashini zikora inganda zikomeye.

Ikibazo: Ese GRBL cyangwa Mach3 nibyiza kubatangiye?

Igisubizo: GRBL itanga ibintu byoroshye kandi bihendutse byinjira kumashini zoroshye. Mach3 itanga amahitamo menshi ya sisitemu ihuza Windows ishingiye kuri Windows. Guhitamo neza biterwa nubugenzuzi bwibikoresho, software ikora, imikorere isabwa, hamwe nubufasha bwa tekiniki buhari. Emeza guhuza mbere yo kugura imashini.