Gusobanukirwa Umukandara Kubora muri Machine ya CNC

Moteri ya Spindle numutima wingengabihe nyinshi na mashini, gutwara ibintu byose biva mumashini ya CNC muri sisitemu yubusobanuro nimbaraga. Intangiriro yibikorwa byabo ibigize byoroshye nyamara byoroshye nyamara binini: umukandara wo gutwara. Iki gice kidashoboka cyo kwimura imbaraga muri moteri kugeza kuri spindle, zemeza imikorere yoroshye kandi ikora neza. Ariko, kimwe na sisitemu iyo ari yo yose, umukandara ushishikajwe no kwambara no gutanyagura, kandi kimwe mubibazo rusange bishobora guhungabanya imikorere yabo ni umukandara. Akenshi birengagizwa, iki kibazo kirashobora kuganisha ku ngaruka zikomeye, harimo kugabanya imikorere, kwambara gukabije, urusaku rudasanzwe, ndetse ntiruhembye umusaruro. Gusobanukirwa ibitera umukandara no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zifatika ni ngombwa mugukomeza imikorere myiza no kwagura ubuzima bwawe. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba umukandara, impamvu bibaho, nuburyo ushobora kubikumira kugirango sisitemu yawe ikora neza.

Umukandara ni iki?

Umukandara wa SHAKA bivuga gutakaza buhoro buhoro cyangwa gutunguranye k'umukandara mu mukandara uhuza moteri kuri spindle. Iyo umukandara utakaza ubukana bukwiye, binanirwa gukomeza gufata urutoki, biganisha kubibazo nkibitesha agaciro, kunyeganyega, cyangwa kwimura amashanyarazi. Tekereza kugendera ku igare ufite urunigi rurekuye: Urashobora kuri pedal no gutera imbere, ariko icyifuzo ni umusaraba, udakora neza, kandi ukunda gutsindwa. Mu nganda gusaba, umukandara utaborotse urashobora gutera ikibazo nk'iki, uteshuka ku bushishozi no kwizerwa kw'imashini. Igihe kirenze, iki kibazo gisa nkigito gishobora kwiyongera, gitera kwiyongera kwikinisha, kwiyongera kwikinisha, ndetse no kunanirwa gukabije bivamo igihe gitunguranye kandi kigasana bihebuje.

Umukandara wo guca umukandara urashobora kwigaragaza muburyo butandukanye, bitewe na sisitemu nuburyo ikibazo. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo urusaku rudasanzwe nko kunyerera cyangwa gutontoma, byagabanije umuvuduko wihuta, imikorere idahuye, hamwe no kunyeganyega birenze urugero. Ibi bibazo ntabwo bigira ingaruka gusa ku mashini ariko birashobora kandi kwambara imburagihe umukandara, pulleys, nibindi bice, ibiciro byo kubungabunga amafaranga yo kubungabunga. Gusobanukirwa ubukanishi bwa umukandara nintambwe yambere yo kubikemura neza, kandi itangira no kumenya ibintu bigira uruhare muri iki kibazo.

Impamvu Zica Umukandara

Umukandara wo guca umukandara ni ikibazo cyinshi kivuka kuva guhuza ibidukikije, ibidukikije, hamwe no kubungabunga. Gusobanukirwa izi mpamvu ningirakamaro kugirango isuzume ikibazo hakiri kare kandi igashyira mubikorwa ibisubizo byiza kugirango wirinde gutesha agaciro no gusana bihenze. Hasi, dushakisha impamvu nyamukuru zituma Down Umukandara utakaza amakimbirane muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle, kumurika uburyo buri kintu kigira uruhare muri iki kibazo rusange.

Kwambara bisanzwe no kurira

Gutwara imikandara muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle ikorwa nizinguzingo zikomeza imitingi nu mutwaro mugihe bimurira ingufu zizunguruka kuva kuri moteri kugeza kuri spindle. Iyi mihangayiko isubirwamo, yuzuye imikorere yumukandara, itera gutesha agaciro imika y'umukandara, yaba ikozwe muri reberi, Polyurethane, cyangwa ibikoresho byateye imbere. Byinshi nka reberi itakaza imbaraga nyuma yo kuramburwa inshuro nyinshi, umukandara wo gutwara imikandare micro-urwego mumiterere yacyo hamwe na buri cyiciro cyibikorwa. Igihe kirenze, izi mpinduka ziranguruga, gutera umukandara kugirango urambure kandi utakaza ubushobozi bwo gukomeza guhagarika umutima usabwa kugirango uhereze amashanyarazi neza. Uku gutakaza impagarara, bizwi kuneka, biganisha ku bibazo nko kunyeganyega, kunyeganyega, no kugabanya imikorere ya sisitemu.

Inzira yo kwambara no kurira itwarwa nibintu byinshi byangirika kubintu byumukandara nibikorwa:

Umunaniro

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mumikandara yo gutwara, nka reberi cyangwa polyurethane, yagenewe guhinduka nyamara araramba. Nyamara, guhora guhinduka no kurambura mugihe cyo gukora bitera micro -ratutions nibishimangira imbere mubikoresho. Kurenga ibihumbi cyangwa miriyoni yizunguruka, ibi bihangayikishije imiterere yumukandara ya umukandara, kugabanya inzira zayo no kuyitera kwihitiramo. Kurugero, umukandara wa rubber urashobora guteza imbere micro-cults umukandara ushobora guhura na creep - kurambura buhoro buhoro harambye impagarara zinshi. Ibi bikoresho ni ingaruka karemano yo gukoresha igihe kirekire ariko biratandukanye bitewe nudukoko twakark nubwiza.

Umutwaro na tension

Sisitemu ya moteri ikunze gukora muburyo butandukanye, hamwe nurwego rwimiti yihindagurika ryimpagarara nkuko moteri yihuta, ibicu byihuta, cyangwa bikomeza umuvuduko uhoraho. Ibikorwa byinshi, nkibi byahuye nibidukikije biremereye cyangwa bikomeza gukora umusaruro, byongera guhangayika kumukandara. Kenshi gutangira-guhagarika, aho umukandara ubona ibintu byihuse mubibazo, birasoreshwa cyane, kuko bihuriye umukandara kugirango urwenya rutunguranye rwihutisha umunaniro. Igihe kirenze, izi nzinguzingo zitera umukandara kugirango urambure ibipimo byayo byumwimerere, biganisha ku gutakaza impagarara hamwe nibyamamare.

Ibihe bikabije

Imashini zikora kumuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa mubihe bikabije, nkimitwaro iremereye cyangwa ibihe byinshi byo kwiruka, birenze kwambara. Ibikorwa byihuta byihuta byongera inshuro nyinshi, mugihe imitwaro iremereye yihuta cyane kumukandara kumukandara, bigatuma habaho vuba vuba. Kurugero, muri porogaramu ya CNC aho spindle ikorera ku bihumbi bya MPMs, umukandara wihanganira imbaraga zikomeye zihutira gutesha agaciro ibintu. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imikorere ikomeza idafite igihe gihagije cyo gukonjesha cyangwa kuruhuka birashobora guca intege imiterere yumukandara, bigatuma birushaho kuba.

Ingaruka y'ibidukikije

Mugihe ibintu bidukikije nkubushyuhe no kwanduza bitandukanye bitera umukandara, nabo bagira uruhare mu kwambara no gutanyagura. Kurugero, hagaragaye igihe kirekire kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukora moto birashobora noroheje ibikoresho byumukanda, bigabanya imbaraga za kanseri no kwihutisha kuramba. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kwanduza umukungugu cyangwa imyanda birashobora kwishyiriraho hejuru, bigatera imbuzi zigabanya ibikoresho mugihe runaka. Izi ngaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije zibangamira inzira karemano, kwihutisha igitambaro cyo kubaca.

Kwishyiriraho

Umukandara uva muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle nicyo kibazo kinini cyatewe mu bikorwa, ibidukikije, ndetse no kubungabunga ibintu bijyanye. Muri ibi, kwishyiriraho bidakwiye bigaragara nkimpamvu ikomeye kandi ishobora kwirindwa ishobora guhungabanya ibyingenzi byimikorere no kurambagiza umukandara. Gushiraho kwambere k'umukandara bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda amashanyarazi no kwiringirwa. Iyo umukandara utashyizweho neza - haba bitewe nubuhanga butari bwo, kuburana nabi, cyangwa kunanirwa gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wubukora - birashobora gutuma uruganda rukora neza, rushobora gukurura imiyoborere myiza imburagihe - birashobora kwambara imburagihe - kwambara, no kwangiza sisitemu yose.

Guhangayika

Impagarara ni urufatiro rwimigabane yimikorere neza. Niba umukandara washyizweho ufite impagarara zidahagije (urekuye cyane), birananirana gufata pulley neza, biganisha ku kunyerera mugihe cyo gukora. Iyi slippage itera amashanyarazi adahaza, aho spindle ishobora kutakira torque cyangwa umuvuduko, bikaviramo ibibazo byimikorere nko kugabanya ukuri cyangwa imikorere idahwitse. Guhora kunyerera kandi bitanga amakimbirane arenze urugero, yihutisha kwambara hejuru yumukandara kandi yihutisha gutesha agaciro ibintu, bituma batera imbere. Ibinyuranye, umukandara wahiritse (ufunze cyane) ahantu cyane cyane kuri moteri, kwivuza, na pulleys. Iyi mitini itera umukandara kurambura kurenza ubushobozi bwayo busanzwe, biganisha ku munaniro no gutakaza imbaraga mugihe runaka. Hafi ya Scenarios-munsi-Guhangayika no Guhangayika-Kurenza imiterere iteza imbere kwangiza imburagihe no kugabanya ubuzima bwumukandara.

Kudahuza pulleys

Guhuza neza hagati ya moteri na spindle pulleys nibyingenzi kugirango ugabanye umukandara. Niba pulleys ikubahirijwe-kubera kwishyiriraho, kwambara, cyangwa imashini ihinduranya - umukandara uhura nibibazo bitaringaniye, hamwe nibice bimwe birimo imitwaro myinshi kurusha izindi. Iyi mpagarara zitaringaniye zitera guhindagurika, aho ibice byumukandara ushira vuba kurenza abandi, biganisha ku gitanda. Kudahuza nabi kandi bitera ingabo zitera umukandara wo kwirinda impande zombi cyangwa ibindi bice, biganishaho kuri Aburaya, gucika intege, no kwambara vuba. Igihe kirenze, ibi guhangayika bigabanya imiterere yumukandara, bigatuma bidashoboka kubungabunga impagarara zihoraho kandi zikamba ibibazo byo guca burundu.

Kunanirwa gukurikiza ibisobanuro byabigenewe

Kwishyiriraho bidakwiye akenshi bikomoka kubwo kutiyanga umurongo wabigenewe kugirango umukandara ukwiye kandi uhangayitse. Buri sisitemu ya spindle yateguwe nibisabwa byihariye kubintu byumukandara, ingano, hamwe namakimbirane, birambuye mubikoresho byagaciro. Gutandukanya kuri ibyo bisobanuro - byaba ukoresheje umukandara udahuye, wirengagije kugenzura pulley, cyangwa kwirengagiza indangagaciro zasabwe - zirashobora guhungabanya imikorere ya sisitemu kuva hakiri kare. Kurugero, gushiraho umukandara ufite ubugari butandukanye cyangwa umwirondoro wa iryinyo kuruta kubisobanuro bishobora gutera umukene wa pulley, kongera amahirwe yo kunyerera no kunyeganyeza. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kunanirwa kugenzura impagarara zukuri mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho zirashobora gushiraho umukandara kugirango utsinde hakiri kare.

Gukoresha ibikoresho cyangwa tekinike itari yo

Kugera ku mukandara neza no guhuza bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho bikwiye, nka umukandara wa gauge cyangwa ibikoresho byo guhuza laser. Kwishingikiriza muburyo buke, nko kugereranya intoki cyangwa 'umva, ' akenshi bivamo kwifuza. Kurugero, 'uburyo bwo guhinduranya ' (gukanda umukandara kugirango upime itangwa) ni ugira ingaruka gusa iyo bikozwe neza kandi bihuza indangagaciro zabikoze. Gukoresha ibikoresho bitari byo cyangwa gusiba intambwe muburyo bwo kwishyiriraho - nko guha isuka pulley mbere yo guhuza umukandara mushya - ushobora kumenyekanisha nabi cyangwa ngo ugire uruhare mu kunyeganyeza. Amahugurwa adahagije cyangwa ibishishwa byihuta kandi byongera ibyago byo kugoreka amakosa, ashimangira ko abatekinisiye babishoboye.

Ingaruka kubice bya sisitemu

Ingaruka zo kwishyiriraho zidakwiye zigukarenga umukandara ubwayo, zigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu ya spindle. Umukandara washyizweho nabi urashobora gutera kunyeganyega birenze urugero, bishyiraho imihangayiko yinyongera kumanywa na pulleys, biganisha ku kwambara imburagihe cyangwa gutsindwa. Kurugero, umukandara utapfutse urashobora kuvaho moteri, bikagutera kwishyurwa cyangwa gushushanya ikigezweho, mugihe umukandara urekuye ushobora kuganisha ku muvuduko udahuye, uteshutse mubyiciro nka CNC. Izi ngaruka za kabiri zongera akamaro ko kwishyiriraho neza ubwambere, nkuko amakosa ashobora kwifashisha mugihe cyo gusana bihebuje no kumanura.

Kwaguka

PROTORY Motors, cyane cyane muburyo bwihuse cyangwa buremereye-buremereye, kubyara ubushyuhe bwihariye mugihe cyo gukora gukurikiranwa mugihe bahinduye ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Ubu bushyuhe bwimuriwe kumurongo wo gutwara binyuze mumibonano itaziguye na moteri na pulleys, kimwe no mubidukikije bidukikije. Kurenza urugero kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bigira ingaruka kumiterere yumubanyi, bikunze kugaragara mubikoresho nka reberi, polyinethane, cyangwa polymes. Ibi bikoresho, mugihe byateguwe kuramba, biroroshye kwaguka - inzira aho ubushyuhe butera umukandara woroshye, kurambagira, no gutakara. Uku gutakaza impagarara, cyangwa gusebanya, guteshuka kubushobozi bwumukandara wa Gripleys neza, biganisha ku kunyerera, kugabanya imikorere, kandi ibyangiritse kuri sisitemu.

Ibintu bikurikira hamwe nuburyo bukurikira byerekana uburyo kwaguka ikirere bigira uruhare muri umukandara:

Ibikoresho byoroheje no kurahira

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mumikandara yo gutwara, nka rubber cyangwa polyurethane, bifite kwihanganira ubushyuhe. Iyo uhuye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe kinini, ibi bikoresho bihinduka umubiri kurwego rwa molekile. Kurugero, umukandara wa reberi urashobora koroshya nkuko ubushyuhe bugabanya iminyururu ya polymer, bigabanya imbaraga za umukandara karake kandi bigatuma irangira. Umukandara wa Polyurethane, mugihe uhanganye cyane kuruta reberi zimwe, nazo zishobora guhura na creep - kwihitiramo buhoro buhoro munsi yubushyuhe bwaranshi na robine. Uku kurambura ibisubizo birebire bitagumana impagarara zifatika zisabwa kugirango zimurenge amashanyarazi neza, biganisha ku gitanda. Urwego rworoshye no kurahira biterwa nibikoresho byumukandara, hamwe nubwiza-buke cyangwa umukandara wateguwe cyane ushobora kuba byoroshye gutesha agaciro ubushyuhe.

Ibikorwa byihuta kandi biremereye

Kwagura ikirere byatangajwe cyane mubisabwa aho moteri ya spindle ikora kumuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa munsi yimitwaro iremereye mugihe kinini. Ibikorwa byihuta, nkabo mu mazi ya CNC cyangwa guca inganda, batera ubushyuhe bwinshi kubera ibikorwa byiyongera no gukora moteri. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gusaba imisoro iremereye, nko gusya cyangwa gusya, shyira imihangayiko ikomeye ku mukandara, iyo ihujwe n'ubushyuhe, yihutisha umunaniro. Muri ibyo bintu, umukandara ukorwa guhagarika ubushyuhe budahwema nta gihe gihagije cyo gukonja, bigatera ibikoresho byaguka no gutakaza ikibazo vuba. Kurugero, moteri ya spindle ikora kuri 10,000 rpm amasaha menshi yo gukata imitwaro yo gukata kugirango yongesheje umukandara wa rubber, biganisha ku rubavu rugaragara mugihe gito.

Guhumeka nabi hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi bwibidukikije

Ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini mu kwiyongera kwamashure. Umukandara muri sisitemu hamwe nu guhumeka nabi-aho ubushyuhe buturuka ahantu haturutse kuri moteri nibice bikikije byafashwe-ubushyuhe burenze abari mumashami ahumeka neza. Kurugero, moteri ya spindle yagenzuwe ahantu hafunzwe cyangwa hafi yizindi bikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe irashobora kwerekana umukandara kubushyuhe burenze imipaka. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo guhangayikishwa mu kazi, nko mu nganda nta butegetsi buhagije bw'ikirere, butera ikibazo mu kuzamura ubushyuhe bw'ibanze bw'umukandara. Mubihe bikabije, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije burenze 40 ° C (104 ° F) burashobora kwihutisha cyane kwaguka, cyane cyane kumukandara wakozwe mubikoresho bidafite ibihangange. Ibi bidukikije bituma umukandara ushobora kwibasirwa nubushyuhe buterwa n'ubushyuhe, ushimangira ko ari ngombwa gucunga ibidukikije.

Ingaruka kuri sisitemu

Nkumukandara ugenda kubera ubushyuhe, butakaza ubushobozi bwo gukomeza guhagarika umutima, biganisha ku kunyerera kuri pulleys. Iyi slippage itera amashanyarazi adahaza, bikaviramo ihindagurika mu muvuduko wa spindle na torque ushobora guhungabanya ubusobanuro mubyiciro nka CNC cyangwa ibiti. Iterambere ryiyongereye riva muri Slippige naryo ritanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, rikora ibitekerezo byinyongera kugirango birusheho kwiyongera kwamatara no gutesha agaciro ibintu. Igihe kirenze, iyi cycle irashobora gutera kwambara hejuru kumukandara, pulleys, no kwikorera, kimwe no kurushaho kwiheshaho moto ubwayo. Mu bihe bikomeye, umukandara wangiritse cyane urashobora kunanirwa, bitera igihe cyo gutunguranye no gusana bihebuje.

Ibintu byo kwiyongera

Kwagura ubushyuhe akenshi bifatanya nizindi mpamvu zitera umukandara, nko kwambara ibintu bisanzwe no gutanyagura cyangwa kwanduza. Kurugero, umukandara umaze gucika intege no kuzenguruka inshuro nyinshi zirashobora kwibasirwa no kurambura hejuru, nkuko imiterere yacyo isanzwe ibangamirwa. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kwanduza nka peteroli cyangwa gukonjesha ku mukandara hejuru birashobora kugabanya ubunini bwayo, bigatuma bikunda kunyerera mu mihangayiko. Izi ngaruka ziteranya zerekana akamaro ko gukemura amajyaruguru kwaguka nkigice cyibikorwa byo kubungabunga burundu kugirango wirinde umukandara.

Kunyeganyega no kudakunda

Kunyeganyega cyane no kudakunda moteri ya spindle bitangiza imbaraga zingirakamaro zibangamira ubusukure bwumukandara wa disiki, biganisha ku rubavu. Ibi bibazo birashobora kuvuka kubikorwa bidakwiye, buhoro buhoro byapanze ibice bya sisitemu, cyangwa ubusumbane bukoreshwa, buriwese aha imihangayiko idasanzwe igabanya umukandara mugihe. Ibisobanuro bikurikira byerekana uburyo kunyeganyega no kunesha bigira uruhare muri umukandara kuri umukandara kandi ingaruka zabo nini kubikorwa bya sisitemu.

Moudleys

Guhuza bikwiye hagati ya moteri na spindle pulleys ni ngombwa mugukwirakwiza impagarara hejuru yumukandara. Kudahuza nabi mugihe pulleys idahuye neza cyangwa coplanari, akenshi bitewe no kwishyiriraho ibintu bidakwiye, cyangwa kwambara muri sisitemu yimodoka. Iyo pulleys ivugijwe, umukandara ubona impagarara zitaringaniye, hamwe nibice bimwe birimo imitwaro myinshi kurusha izindi. Iyi mihangayiko idafite ishingiro itera kurambura, aho ibiceri byihariye byumukandara biherereye vuba kurusha abandi, biganisha ku gitanda. Byongeye kandi, kudakongera nabi birashobora gutuma umukandara ukurikirana ukwiye, kuzunguruka kuri pulley impande cyangwa hejuru ya flay, bikava muri Aburamu, kugaza, no guteza imbere ibintu bifatika. Nyuma yigihe, izo ngabo zigabanya imiterere yumukandara, kugabanya ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza guhagarika umutima no kongera amahirwe yo kunyerera. Gutemera nabi nicyo kibazo rusange muri sisitemu zirimo kubungabunga kenshi cyangwa gukora mubihe bibi, bigakora cheque isanzwe ihuza.

Kunyeganyega gukabije kuva mubice byambarwa cyangwa bitaringaniye

Kunyeganyega muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle akenshi biterwa no kwivuza, pulley idahumurijwe, cyangwa ibindi bice bizunguruka. Ibikoresho byambarwa, kurugero, birashobora guteza imbere gukina cyangwa kwambara kimwe, bitera igicucu cyo guhiga no kumenyekanisha umwanzuro mukindo. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, pulleys idahwitse cyangwa spindles - biva mu bidukikije, kwiyubaka imyanda, cyangwa kwangirika kw'imikorere bitera umukandara kuri oscillate cyangwa 'flap ' mugihe cyo gukora. Izi vibraction ziganisha ku mpinduka ziteganijwe, aho umukandara wagonze inshuro nyinshi kandi uruhutse, wihutisha umunaniro kandi urambuye. Oscant uhora nayo yongera amahirwe yo kunyerera, nkuko umukandara uzaharanira gufata ikinyabubasha. Nyuma yigihe, izi ngabo zingirakamaro zigabanya imiterere yumukandara, kugabanya inzira zayo no kugira uruhare mu kunyeganyeza. Guhangayikishwa no guhagarika umutima bivugwa cyane muburyo bwihuse, aho no ubusumbane buke bworoshye.

Ingaruka zo kwiyongera kubigize sisitemu

Ingaruka zo kunyeganyega no kudakundana zigukarenga umukandara ubwacyo, bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yose ya spindle. Moudleys iyobowe no kunyeganyega gukabije gushika imihangayiko yinyongera kubikorwa, shafts, na moteri, biganisha ku kwambara byihuse no gutsindwa. Kurugero, umukandara utabijwe ushobora gutera kwivuza imitwaro itagabanijwe, bikaviramo kwambara imburagihe cyangwa kwishyurwa. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kunyeganyega birashobora kurekura bolts cyangwa ibindi bifunga, ibindi bikaba bikabije no gukora ibitekerezo byo gutanga ibitekerezo byongera guhungabana. Izi ngaruka za kabiri ntabwo zihutira kwihuta umukandara gusa ariko kandi wongera ibyago byo gusana bihenze nigihe cyo gutaha, nkuko ibintu byangiritse bishobora gusaba gusimbuza cyangwa kubungabunga byinshi.

Imikorere n'ibidukikije

Ibikorwa bimwe nibikorwa birashobora kongera ingaruka zo kunyeganyega no kudakunda. Ibikorwa byihuta, bikunze kugaragara muri CNC cyangwa guhura n'inganda, ongera imbaraga zimbaraga za vibratienal, bigatuma habaho kudakomba kworoheje kurushaho gusenya. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gutangira-guhagarika inzinguzi zimenyekanisha mu mpagarara z'umukandara, ishobora kongera ingaruka zo kuba nabi cyangwa ibice byambaye. Ibintu bidukikije, nko guhindagurika kwikinisha cyangwa guhura nuwanduye, birashobora no gutanga mu buryo butaziguye mukwihutisha kwambara no kwihuta kwambara cyangwa pulleys, nayo yongera kunyeganyega. Kurugero, umukungugu cyangwa imyanda yo kwiyubaka kuri pulleys irashobora gutera ubusumbane, mugihe cyo kwagura ubushyuhe mubanyabuzima bya shift bishobora guhindura pulley mugihe runaka.

Imikoranire nizindi mpamvu

Kunyeganyega no kudakundana bikunze gusabana nizindi mpamvu zitera umukandara, nko kwambara ibintu bisanzwe no gutanyagura, kwaguka, cyangwa kwanduza. Kurugero, umukandara wamaze gucika intege kubera koroshya ubushyuhe bushobora kwibasirwa no kurambura mubihe bikomeye byo kunyeganyega. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kwanduza peteroli cyangwa gukonjesha birashobora kugabanya gufata umukandara kuri pulley iyobowe, kongera kunyeganyega no kwihutisha kunyeganyega. Iyi mikoranire igaragaza akamaro ko gukemura ibibazo no kunesha imyuga nkigice cyingamba zuzuye zo gukumira kwangirika kumukandara na sisitemu.

Kwanduza

Ibidukikije byanduye, birimo umukungugu, amavuta, coolant, nizindi myanda, zirashobora guhungabanya imikorere yimifuka yimodoka muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle hagati yumukandara na pulleys. Iyo ibintu byo mumahanga birundanya hejuru yumukandara, barema urwego runyerera cyangwa ruturuka ruhungabanya umukandara wo gufata pulley neza, kabone niyo yaba yarashize. Ibi biganisha ku kunyerera, kwiyongera kwambara, kandi, amaherezo, kunyerera, bitesha agaciro gahunda na precision. Ibisobanuro bikurikira byerekana uburyo kwanduza bigira uruhare muri umukandara kandi ingaruka nini kuri sisitemu yimikorere ya sisitemu.

Yagabanijwe guterana kwa peteroli no gukonjesha

Amavuta yamenetse muri mashini yegeranye cyangwa akonje mu mashanyarazi nka CNC irimo isoko risanzwe ryandamiza. Iyo peteroli cyangwa coats coats hejuru yumukandara, igabanya coefficient yo guterana amagambo na pulleys, birema interineti. Iyi slippage itera umukandara kugirango ibuze gufata, nubwo yatunguye neza, biganisha ku kwimura amashanyarazi no guhindagurika mukiziga cyangwa torque. Kurugero, mumashini ya CNC, Coolant ikoreshwa mugukata ibikoresho bishobora kurenga ku mukandara, gukinisha hejuru no guteza imbere kunyerera. Nyuma yigihe, ibi byasubiwemo kunyerera byihuta kwambara kubintu byakagare, bituma birambuye no gutandukana. Byongeye kandi, amavuta na coolant birashobora gukora imikoranire ya chimique hamwe na reberi nka reberi cyangwa polyurethane, yoroshye cyangwa ngo ubatere uruhare kandi ugabanye igihombo.

Aburamu mu mukungugu na Debris

Umukungugu, umwanda, nibindi bintu mubidukikije mubidukikije birashobora kwegeranya hejuru yumukandara cyangwa winjire mubikorwa byayo. Mu bidukikije, nko mu maduka cyangwa uduce twinshi mu mwobo hamwe no kurwara kw'indege mbi, ibice byiza birashobora gutura ku mukandara, gukora urwego rworoheje rwambara hejuru y'umukandara mu gihe cyo gukora. Ibi bice birashobora kandi kurambirwa mu ruganda rw'umukandara cyangwa amenyo (ku bijyanye n'umukandara woroheje), kugabanya imikorere ya umukandara wa SHAKA. Igikorwa cyo gukuramo imyanda yashyizwemo micro-yangiza micro-yangiritse kumukandara, nko gukubita cyangwa gucika intege, bigabanya imiterere nibyihutisha kurambura. Nyuma yigihe, ubu buryo bwateguwe buganisha ku gitabazi, nkumukandara ubura ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza guhagarika umutima. Mu bihe bikomeye, kubaka imyanda iremereye birashobora kandi gutera pulley kwambara, ibibazo byo guhuza no guhuza no gukaza uruzitiro.

Ibintu by'ibidukikije byongera kwanduza

Ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini muburyo bwanduza bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya clat. Ibidukikije bihanitse birashobora kongera ingaruka z'abanduye batera umukungugu cyangwa imyanda yo guhurira no gukurikiza byoroshye umukandara hejuru. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibidukikije hamwe na kenshi ku mazi, nk'ibikombe by'imashini ukoresheje amazi, ongera amahirwe yo kwanduza amavuta cyangwa amavuta. Imyitozo yo kubungabunga urugo, nko kunanirwa gusukura isuku cyangwa kwemerera imyanda kwegeranya hafi imashini, bitera imiterere aho byanduye bishoboka cyane kugera kumukandara. Byongeye kandi, ikimenyetso kidahagije cyangwa gukingira moteri ya spindle birashobora kwemerera ibintu byo hanze kugirango binjire, bigatuma umukandara wongerewe no kwanduza-gutesha agaciro.

Ingaruka zo kwiyongera kubigize sisitemu

Kwanduza ntibigira ingaruka gusa umukandara - birashobora kandi kwangiza pulleys, kwivuza, nibindi bice bya sisitemu. Kurugero, peteroli cyangwa gukonjesha kuri pulleys birashobora kugabanya gufata, kwagura kunyerera no kubyara ubundi bushyuhe. Ubu bushyuhe burashobora gutanga umusanzu mu kwagura ubushyuhe, bityo yihutisha umukandara. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, uduce tubuza nk'umukungugu rushobora kwambara hejuru ya pulley, rutera ahantu hatangiriyeho cyangwa twashizwemo ko tupail umukandara wangiza no guteza imbere nabi. Izi ngaruka za kabiri zirema ibitekerezo aho kwanduza biganisha ku kwambara, kunyeganyega, no gutakaza impagarara, amaherezo ibangamira imikorere yose ya spindle moteri no kuramba.

Imikoranire nizindi mpamvu

Kwanduza akenshi dukorana nibindi bitera umukandara, nko kwambara ibintu bisanzwe no gutaka, kwaguka, cyangwa kudahuza nabi. Kurugero, umukandara umaze gucika intege kubera koroshya ubushyuhe bushobora kwibasirwa ningaruka zibyatsi cyangwa imiti yimiti iterwa namavuta. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubudahwema burashobora kwiyongera ku ngaruka zo kwanduza batera umukandara wo kwirinda kurwanya pulley, bigatuma abateranya kwinjira mu mikanda. Iyi mikoranire irashimangira ko hakenewe uburyo bwo kubungabunga umukandara ikemura ibibazo byanduza izindi mpamvu.

Mugukemura ibi bitera binyuze muburyo bwo kubungabungwa, no kugenzura ibidukikije, urashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byumukandara ucanwa no kwemeza imikorere yizewe ya sisitemu ya Spindle.

Ibimenyetso byumukandara

Umukandara uva muri sisitemu ya moteri irashobora guhindura imikorere cyane, biganisha ku mirimo, ibyangiritse, kandi bihenze. Kumenya ibimenyetso byo kuburira hakiri kare umukandara wo gucana ni ukwitabira no kubungabunga igihe. Hano haribimenyetso byingenzi byerekana ko umukandara wiruka ugabanya impagarara, hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye byukuntu ibyo bimenyetso bigaragarira no ku isonga ryayo kubwimashini zawe.

Kunyerera urusaku

Kimwe mubimenyetso bigaragara cyane byerekana umukandara nijwi ryinshi cyangwa ijwi ryinshi, cyane cyane mugihe cya spindle itangira cyangwa mugihe moteri iri munsi yumutwaro. Urusaku rubaho kuko umukandara urekuye wananiwe gufata pulleys, bigatuma kunyerera nka moteri yihuta. Gutererana guterana hagati yumukandara nubuso bwa pulley, bitanga amajwi aranga. Mugihe urusaku rukerure rushobora kubaho mugihe gisanzwe, gihoraho cyangwa gikomeye cyerekana impagarara zidahagije kandi zigomba guhita zifata icyemezo kugirango wirinde ibyangiritse kumukandara cyangwa ibindi bice.

Kugabanya guca burundu

Mu bikorwa-biterwa no gutwarwa na CNC, umukandara utabarika urashobora guteshuka ku bushobozi bwa spindle bwo gukomeza umuvuduko na torque. Ibi biganisha ku kugabanya ukuri, aho ibikoresho byananiwe gukomeza guhuza neza nakazi. Kurugero, urashobora kubona gukata gukata, hejuru, cyangwa gutandukana ninzira zateguwe. Iyi ntushion ituruka ku mukandara udashobora kohereza imbaraga neza, bigatuma ihindagurika mu muvuduko wa spindle cyangwa gutanga amashanyarazi. Niba usigaye utanze, iki kibazo gishobora kuvamo ibicuruzwa bifite inenge, ibikoresho byapfusiwe, nibikenewe byongeye gukora.

Kwishyurwa

Umukandara urekuye ukunda kunyerera cyane kuri pulleys, kubyara gukabije no gushyushya mugihe cyo gukora. Uku kwishimira ntidushobora kugira ingaruka kumukandara gusa ahubwo ni na pulleys, kwivuza, na moteri ubwayo. Igihe kirenze, guhangayika byiyongereye byihuta kwambara kubintu byakagare, kandi byiyongera cyane kumenagura kandi bishobora guteza umukandara kugirango utegure cyangwa kunanirwa imburagihe. Byongeye kandi, uburemere bukabije bushobora kuganisha ku kwagura ikirere mu bice bikikije, ibibazo byo guhuza no kongera ibyago byo kunanirwa. Gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu ya moteri na umukandara ni ngombwa kugirango dufate iki kimenyetso hakiri kare.

Kurekura

Ikimenyetso cyerekana neza umukandara ni umukandara cyangwa ugaragara neza hagati ya pulleys. Iyo impagarara zidahagije, umukandara urashobora kugaragara kumanuka cyangwa guhiga mugihe cyo gukora, aho kubungabunga taut, umurongo ugororotse. Ubu burekuye burashobora kugaragara mugihe cyubugenzuzi busanzwe cyangwa mugihe imashini zidafite ubusa. Rimwe na rimwe, urashobora kandi kubona umukandara ukabije cyangwa ugakubita, cyane cyane kumuvuduko mwinshi. Ikimenyetso kigaragara ni ikimenyetso cyuzuye ko umukandara usaba guhindura cyangwa gusimbuza kugirango ugarure imikorere ikwiye kandi wirinde izindi gahunda.

Mugukomeza kuba maso kuri ibi bimenyetso binyerera, byagabanijwe guca burundu, kwishyuza, kandi bigaragara ko urekuye - urashobora kumenya umukandara wa kare mbere yo gutera ibibazo bikomeye. Ubugenzuzi busanzwe, buhujwe no kubungabunga imikorere, bizafasha kwemeza sisitemu yawe ya spindle ikora neza kandi neza.

Ingaruka z'umukandara

Umukandara uva muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle ni kure cyane kuruta kurengera gato - birashobora gukurura casade y'ibibazo bibangamira imikorere, ibikoresho byangiza, hamwe no guhagarika ibikorwa. Niba usigaye udasabwe, umukandara urekuye urashobora kuganisha kubikorwa bikomeye kandi byimari. Hasi, turagaragaza ingaruka zibanze zumukandara ucagamye, kwerekana uburyo buriwese agira ingaruka imikorere, kuramba, no gusohoka ubuziranenge bwimashini zawe.

Imikorere yo hepfo

Umukandara wa Slackened kugirango ukomeze gufata neza pulleys, bivamo kwimura amashanyarazi muri moteri kugeza kuri spindle. Iyi slippage itera kugabanuka kwihuta na Torque, guhatira sisitemu kugirango ikore cyane kugirango igere kubyo wifuza. Nkigisubizo, imashini ikorera munsi yurwego rwimikorere myiza, urya imbaraga nyinshi mugihe utanga imbaraga nke. Mubyifuzo byinshi, nka CNC imashini yumusaruro cyangwa inganda, iki gihombo cyibikorwa birashobora kudindiza inzira, kongera amafaranga yimikorere, kandi kubungabunga umusaruro muri rusange.

Kwiyongera kwambara

Iyo umukandara urekuye, bitera umutwaro ugabanijwe hejuru ya pulleys hamwe na 'biganisha ku kwambara kwihuta kuri ibi bice. Kunyerera cyane no kunyeganyega biterwa no gucira amabuye yinyongera, asohora hejuru ya pulley kandi ashimangira kuvurwa birenze ibihe byabo bisanzwe. Igihe kirenze, uru ruhare rwiyongereye rushobora gutuma tunanirwa imburagihe ryibice bikomeye, bisaba gusana bihebuje cyangwa gusimburwa. Umukandara ubwawo urangirika vuba kubera imbaraga zidasanzwe, amafaranga yo gufatanya amazu yo guhuza no kugabanya ubuzima bwa sisitemu yose.

Imbwa itunguranye

Umukandara wa Delt rwose utera ibyago bikomeye byo gufata cyangwa kunyerera kuri pulleys rwose, uzana umusaruro mu gihome gitunguranye. Igihe cyigihe gitunguranye gishobora guhungabanya cyane munganda aho imikorere ihoraho ari ingenzi, nko gukora cyangwa gutunganya ibimera cyangwa gutunganya cyangwa gutunganya ibihingwa. Kunanirwa gutunguranye k'umukandara birashobora kuganisha kumasaha cyangwa iminsi yumusaruro watakaye, bitewe no kuboneka kw'ibice byo gusimbuza no gufata neza. Byongeye kandi, gusana byihutirwa akenshi biza bifite amafaranga menshi kandi birashobora gusaba abatekinisiye babahanga, wongeyeho umutwaro wamafaranga wigihe cyo hasi.

Ibibazo byiza

Mubisabwa-biterwa no gutwarwa neza, umukandara utabarika ugira ingaruka muburyo bwimiterere yanyuma. Imurikagurisha ridahuye ryatewe no kunyerera biganisha ku guhindagurika mu muvuduko wa spindle, bikaviramo kugabanuka kwudahwitse, ntangarugero zirangiye, cyangwa abakozi bafite inenge. Kurugero, muri SNC irateganya, umukandara urekuye urashobora guteza ibikoresho bitandukana ninzira zabo zateguwe, bitanga ibice byananiwe guhura no kwihanganira cyangwa ibisobanuro. Ibi bibazo byiza birashobora kuganisha kumyanda yibintu, kugenderamo, no kutanyurwa nabakiriya, amaherezo bangiza izina no kunguka.

Gukemura umukandara uhindagurika vuba binyuze mubugenzuzi busanzwe, gufata neza, kandi mugihe cyo kubungabunga mugihe ni ngombwa kugirango dugabanye izi ngaruka. Mugusobanukirwa ningaruka zigera kure yumukandara urekuye, ushobora gushyira imbere ingamba zifatika kugirango imikorere yizewe, ibikoresho byongerera ibintu, kandi bikagumaho ibisohoka byinshi.

Imyitozo myiza yo gukumira umukandara

Kurinda umukandara kuri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle bisaba uburyo bwo gufata neza kubungabunga, kwishyiriraho, no gucunga ibidukikije. Mugukemura intandaro yikigabanya igihombo cya SHART, urashobora kuzamura uburyo bwo gukora neza, kwagura ibikoresho byubuzima, kandi wirinde igihe gito. Hano haribintu byiza byo gukumira umukandara, buri kimwe cyagenewe kwemeza imikorere no kwiringirwa mu mashini yawe.

Igenzura risanzwe

Ubugenzuzi busanzwe no guhindura impagarara z'umukandara ni ngombwa kugirango ukomeze imikorere myiza. Kumwanya, umukandara mubisanzwe urambuye kubera imihangayiko ingana, bityo ikagenzura rimwe na rimwe ifasha kumenya kandi ikosore irekuze mbere yuko ritera imbere. Koresha impagarara cyangwa kurikira uburyo busobanutse neza kugirango upime kandi uhindure neza. Teganya aya magenzura mu rwego rwo gukora gahunda yo gufata neza, nibyiza buri byumweru bike cyangwa ukurikije ibikoresho byo gukoresha ibikoresho. Gukurikirana gukurikiza neza ko umukandara ukomeza kuba uri mu rurimi rusabwa, kugabanya ibyago byo kunyerera, kunyeganyega, cyangwa kwambara imburagihe.

Kwishyiriraho neza

Kwishyiriraho neza ni ishingiro rya sisitemu ndende kandi nziza. Umukandara washyizweho neza - waba urekuye cyane cyangwa ukabije - ushobora kuganisha ku gitero cyihuse cyangwa guhangayikishwa cyane ku bigize. Buri gihe ukurikize umurongo ngenderwaho wurutonde rwikandara Koresha ibikoresho byateganijwe, nkibikoresho byo guhuza Laser, kugirango ugenzure pulley Guhuza kandi wirinde guhangayikishwa numukandara. Kwishyiriraho neza ntabwo birinda gusa itara mbere ahubwo binagabanya kwambara kuri pulleys, kwivuza, hamwe na moteri, kuzamura sisitemu muri rusange.

Koresha umukandara

Gushora mumikandara yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikozwe mubintu birambye, nka reberi zishimangirwa cyangwa polymesi yateye imbere, irashobora kugabanya cyane amahirwe yo kubangamira. Umukandara wujuje ubuziranenge wateguwe kugirango unanire hejuru, uhangane n'imiterere yubushyuhe, kandi wihangane imimerere minini kuruta ubundi buryo bwo hasi. Mugihe uhitamo umukandara, menya ko bihura cyangwa birenga ibisobanuro kuri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle, harimo ubunini, ibikoresho, nubushobozi bwo kwikorera. Mugihe umukandara wo mu rwego rwo hejuru ushobora kugira ikiguzi cyo hejuru, kuramba no guhanga imirimo biruta amafaranga mugabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga no gukumira kunanirwa gutunguranye.

Komeza ibidukikije bisukuye

Ibidukikije bisukuye ni ngombwa mu gukumira umwanda wihuta umukandara. Umukungugu, amavuta, akonje, hamwe nizindi myanda birashobora kwegeranya kumukandara, kugabanya guterana amagambo no gutera icyuma. Gushyira mubikorwa ingamba nko gusukura imashini, zishyiraho ibifuniko cyangwa abarinzi bikingira gahunda yo gukandara, kandi ugashyirwaho ikimenyetso gikwiye kugirango ibice bigize umutekano bigabanuke kugirango bigabanye abantu banduye. Byongeye kandi, ukemure amavuta yose yamenetse cyangwa isukari akonje bidatinze kugirango ubabuze gutwikira umukandara hejuru. Ibidukikije bisukuye bifasha gukomeza umukandara wa Optimal.

Gusimburwa

Gutegereza umukandara kunanirwa mbere yo gusimbuza birashobora kuganisha ku masaha ahenze kandi yangiza izindi ngingo. Ahubwo, kurikiza ababishoboye intera ishyirwa mu bikorwa, mubisanzwe ishingiye kumasaha yo gukora, imiterere yumutwaro, cyangwa ibimenyetso bigaragara byo kwambara. Gusiba umukandara mbere yuko bambarwa cyane cyangwa gucika intege biremeza imikorere ihamye kandi ikabuza kunanirwa gutunguranye. Bika inyandiko yo gusimbuza no gukomeza ibarura ry'umubanderuro kugirango bagabanye igihe cyo gutabara mugihe cyo kubungabunga. Gusimburwa byateganijwe, bihujwe nubugenzuzi busanzwe, kora ingamba zikomeye zo gukumira ibibazo bijyanye na umukandara.

Mugushyira mubikorwa imyitozo myiza-isanzwe yo guhagarika umutima, Gushiraho neza, ukoresheje umukandara wujuje ubuziranenge, kubungabunga ibidukikije bisukuye, no gukurikiza ibisimburwa byateganijwe - urashobora gukumira neza umukandara. Izi ngamba ntizinzura imikorere no kwizerwa kuri sisitemu ya moteri yawe ya spindle ariko nanone bigabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga no kwemeza umusaruro mwinshi mubikorwa byawe.

Umwanzuro

Umukandara uva muri sisitemu ya moteri ya spindle irashobora kugaragara ko ari ibintu bitoroshye, ariko ingaruka zayo zikabije zirashobora guhungabanya ubushake bwimikorere, kwizerwa, no kuramba byimashini zitoroshye. Usize ubusa, umukandara urekuye urashobora kugabanuka neza, igice cyihuse cyambara, mu matara yibicuruzwa bitunguranye, kandi ibicuruzwa bihinduka - ibibazo bisobanurwa no gusana bihenze kandi byatakaje umusaruro. Mu gusobanukirwa neza ibitera umukandara, nko kwambara ibintu bisanzwe, kwishyiriraho ubushyuhe, guhoza mu bushyuhe, no kwangiza, no kwanduza, no kwanduza, abakora, no kwanduza, abashoramari barashobora gufata ingamba zifatika zo kugabanya izo ngaruka. Icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya urusaku rwo kuburira hakiri kare, bagabanije gukata ukuri, kwishyuza, no kugaragara neza, gufata ibibazo mbere yo kwiyongera.

Gushyira mu bikorwa imikorere myiza nka cheque nziza yo guhagarika, gukoresha umukandara wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kubungabunga ibidukikije bisukuye, no gukurikiza ibisimburwa byateganijwe bigize ingamba zikomeye zo gukumira umukandara. Izi ngamba ntizigura ubuzima bwumukandara gusa nibigize bihujwe ahubwo binagaragaza ko moteri ya spindle ikora kuri peak yo hejuru, gutanga imikorere ihamye mugusaba ibyifuzo. Tekereza gukomeza umukandara wawe wo gutwara nko kwita ku mapine ku modoka: kwita ku buryo busanzwe ku buryo busanzwe butuma ubuzima bworoshye, butekanye, kandi butanga umusaruro. Mugushyira imbere kubungabunga neza no kuba maso, urashobora kubika sisitemu ya spindle yiruka mu gaciro, kugabanya ihungabana no kurengana no kurenga ku mahirwe yo gukurura igihe kirekire.

Ibibazo

Kugira ngo ufashe gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe bijyanye no kubungabunga umukandara wa Spindle no Kumenagura, twakusanyije ibisubizo kubibazo bikunze kubazwa. Ubu bushishozi butanga ubuyobozi bufatika kubakora nabatekinisiye kugirango barebe imikorere myiza no kuramba kwa sisitemu yo kuzunguruka umukandara.

Q1: Ni kangahe ugomba kuzunguruka umukandara wa moteri?

Kuzunguruka umukandara wa moteri ugomba kugenzurwa byibuze rimwe mu mezi atatu cyangwa nyuma yamasaha 500 yo gukora, umushukanyi. Ariko, inshuro zirashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburemere bwo gukoresha, imiterere yimikorere, hamwe nibisabwa nuwabikoze. Kugenzura buri gihe bifasha kumenya ibimenyetso byambere byerekana ibimenyetso byambere byo gucika, kwambara, cyangwa kudahuza nabi, kwemerera guhinduka mugihe kugirango wirinde ibibazo byimikorere cyangwa igihe gito.

Q2: Nshobora kongera gutera umukandara ushaje aho kuyisimbuza?

Nibyo, ongera uhamagare umukandara ushaje urashobora gukora nkigikorwa cyigihe gito kugirango ugarure ibikorwa bikwiye, ariko ntabwo ari igisubizo kirekire. Nkumukandara imyaka, batakaza elaristique bitewe no kwangiza ibintu no gutesha agaciro ibintu, bigatuma barushaho gutera uruhara cyangwa gutsindwa. Ongera uhanganye urashobora kugura igihe runaka, ariko ugasimbuza umukandara ushaje cyangwa wambaye ni ngombwa kugirango ukore imikorere yizewe kandi wirinde kwangirika kubindi bice bya sisitemu.

Q3: Nubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kugenzura impagarara?

Inzira nyazo zo kugenzura umukandara ni ugukoresha umukandara wa tralt, ni izihe ngabo zisabwa kugirango zihagarike umukandara. Ubundi, urashobora gukoresha uburyo buto 'byerekanwe mubuyobozi bwabigenewe, birimo gukanda umukandara kurwego runaka ugapima gutandukana. Buri gihe ujye ubaza igitabo cyagaciro cyo kumenya amabwiriza no guhagarika ibisobanuro kugirango umenye neza kandi wirinde guhirika cyangwa kwifuza.

Q4: Ese ibintu byibidukikije bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwumukandara?

Rwose. Ibintu bidukikije nkumukungugu, amavuta, coolant, kandi ubukonje bukabije burashobora kwihutisha cyane umukandara. Umukungugu n'imyanda birashobora gutera Aburamu, mugihe peteroli cyangwa cool bigabanya guterana amagambo, biganisha ku kunyerera no kunyeganyeza. Ubushuhe Bukuru bushobora gucika intege, cyane cyane abakunda kwimura. Kugumana ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bigenzurwa, hamwe ningamba zisanzwe zogusukura no gukingira, ningirakamaro kugirango dukwirakwize ubuzima bwumukandara no gukumira kwambara imburagihe.

Q5: Hariho ubundi buryo bwo gukuramo umukandara?

Nibyo, spind-distunds nubundi buryo busanzwe kuri sisitemu yo gutwara. Izi sisitemu zikuraho ibikenewe mukanda zihuza moteri kuri spindle, gutanga inyungu nkigabana kubungabunga, ibice bike, no kunoza ishingiro. Nyamara, spind-disturles mubisanzwe izana ikiguzi cyo hejuru kandi irashobora gusaba kwishyiriraho ibintu bigoye cyangwa gusubira inyuma. Guhitamo hagati ya sisitemu yo gutwarwa na sisitemu-kuyobora-kuyobora biterwa nibisabwa, ingengo yimari, nibisabwa.

Ibi bibazo bitanga ubushishozi bukoreshwa kugirango bigufashe gucunga umukandara neza. Mugukomeza gufata neza no gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwa sisitemu, urashobora kwemeza ibikorwa byizewe no kugabanya ihungabana muri porogaramu ya spindle.