Ukuqonda amasekethe amafushane kagesi eSpindle Motors

I-Spindle Motors iyi-Powerhouse ngemuva kwezinhlelo eziningi zezimboni, imishini yokushayela ye-CNC, ama-Lases, neminye imishini yokunemba ngokusebenza kahle okungapheli. Emgogodleni wokuhlinzwa kwabo kulele uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi kagesi, lapho lusebenza kahle, lunikeza ukusebenza komthungo. Kodwa-ke, isengezo esifihlekile - amaseliphu amafushane kagesi - angabuthuthuluka awela isiphithiphithi, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle, ekulimaleni ngokweqile, ukulimala kwengxenye, noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu okuyinhlekelele. Imvamisa ukunganakwa kuze kube yilapho izinkinga zikhuphuka, izifunda ezimfushane zingadala isikhathi sokuphumula nokulungiswa, amashejuli wokukhiqiza anciphise. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena kwimibuthano emifushane kagesi, kungani zenzeka ema-spindle motors, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani ukugcina imishini yakho isebenza kahle nangokuthembekile.

Yini isekethe elifushane kagesi?

Isifunda esifushane kagesi senzeka lapho indlela engahlosiwe yokumelana evuthiwe ivumela ukweqisa kwamanje ukugeleza ngohlelo lukagesi lwe-spindle motor. Lokhu kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-motor windings, izintambo, noma izingxenye zokulawula njengokushayela okujwayelekile okujwayelekile (VFDS), ukudlula umjikelezo ohlosiwe futhi uphazamisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile. Mbone ngeso lengqondo i-hose engadini nge-puncture: Amanzi (wamanje) abaleka lapho kungafanele khona, ukunciphisa ukugeleza endaweni okuhlosiwe kuyo futhi kubangele isiyaluyalu. E-spindle motors, amasethekeli amafushane aholela ekutheni alahlekelwe ngokweqile, ukulahleka kwamandla, ukusebenza okungaqondakali, kanye nomonakalo ongaba khona kwizakhi ezibucayi ezifana nomoya, ukufakwa, noma ukuthwala.

Imibuthano emifushane ebonakalayo njengoba ukusebenza okungazelelwe kwehla, kukhishwe amakhefu wesifunda, iphunga elivuthayo, noma izinhlansi ezibonakalayo. Lezi zinkinga azigcini ngokubeka phansi ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kodwa futhi zibeka engcupheni yokulimala kwaphakade, okuholela ekulungiswa okubizayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza. Ukuqonda imishini yemibuthano emifushane yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola nokubavimbela, ukuqala ngokukhomba izici ezibangela lezi phutha kagesi.

Izimbangela zemibuthano emifushane kagesi

Imibuthano emifushane kagesi eSpindle Motors Stem kusuka ekuhlanganiseni kwezinto zikagesi, ezemvelo kanye nezisebenzayo. Ukubona lezi zimbangela kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuvimbela okusebenzayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kohlelo nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Ngezansi, sihlola izizathu eziyinhloko izifunda ezimfushane zenzeka ezinhlelweni ze-spindle motor.

1. Ukonakaliswa kokufakelwa

Ama-Windings kanye ne-wiring eSpindle Motors kuhlanganiswe nezinto zokwakha ezifaka ama-enamel noma ama-polymer, ukuvikela ukuxhumana kagesi okungahlosiwe phakathi kwezindawo ezihambisanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kufakwa kungadicilela phansi, kudale izindlela zemibuthano emifushane. Izici ezilandelayo zinegalelo ekuwohlokeni kokufakelwa:

Ukuxineka okushisayo

Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu noma ngezicelo zejubane eliphezulu, kwakha ukushisa okubalulekile ngaphakathi kwemoto. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa imoto ngenhla lokushisa kwayo okulinganiswe (isib., Kudlula ngaphezulu kwama-60 ° C noma 140 ° F) kungadala izinto zokufaka ukuqhekeka, zincibilike, noma zilahlekelwe yimithombo yazo ye-dielectric. Lokhu kudabuka okushisayo kwenza buthaka ukufakwa, okuvumela izintambo eziseduzane noma i-windings ukuthinta, ukudala indlela yokumelana ephansi yokugeleza kwamanje. Lokhu kuphumela kumjikelezo omfishane, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile, ukungasebenzi kahle kwemoto, nokuphelelwa ngamandla. Izicelo ezifana nemishini ye-CNC enesindayo, lapho kusebenza khona ama-motors ngezikhathi ezengeziwe, zithambekele kakhulu kulolu daba.

Ukuguga

Ukufakwa kwanda ngokwemvelo kuwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuvezwa isikhathi eside ekucindezelekeni ngogesi kanye nemishini. Njengoba i-motor ages, izinto zokufaka i-infauting ziba brittle futhi zithambekele ekuqhekekeni, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezindala noma zalabo ababesebenza njalo. Lokhu kuphuka kancane kancane kunciphisa amandla okufaka okufaka ukuvikela othintana kagesi, ukwandisa ingozi yemibuthano emifushane. Isibonelo, i-motor ekusetshenzisweni okuqhubekayo iminyaka eminingana ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kokungenisa amandla ingahle isukume amaphutha kuma-windings awo, okuholela ekwehlulekeni okungalindelekile.

Ukuvezwa Kwamakhemikhali

Ukuchayeka kuma-coolants, e-oyela, noma ama-ejenti wokuhlanza asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zezimboni kungakhipha izinto zokufaka. Lezi zinto zingasabela ngamakhemikhali ngokufakelwa, zibenze kuncibilike noma zincibilike, kudalule izintambo ezisebenzayo. Isibonelo, esitolo somshini lapho ukusika uketshezi kungukuthi, ukuvezwa ngengozi kwalawa makhemikhali kungakwenza buthaka ukufakwa kwama-monings, ukudala izimo zemibuthano emifushane. Ukubekwa uphawu okufanele nokuhlanza njalo kubalulekile ukunciphisa le ngozi.

Lapho ukufakwa kwehluleka, umjikelezo omifushane ophumela akhiqiza ukushisa ngokweqile, abuye alimaze imoto futhi angenza ukwehluleka okuphelele. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana okujwayelekile kokufakelwa, usebenzisa amathuluzi anjenge-megohmmeters, kungasiza ukuthola ukonakala kusenesikhathi futhi kuvikele amaphutha.

2. Ukulayisha ngokweqile nokugqamile

Ukusebenza nge-spindle motor ngaphezu kwamandla ayo kagesi kunganciphisa izingxenye zayo, okuholela emibukeni emifushane. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye nokucindezela ngokweqile komoya kanye nokufakelwa, ukudala izimo zamaphutha kagesi. Abanikeli ababalulekile bafaka:

Imithwalo Eningi

Imisebenzi esindayo yemishini, njengokusika ama-alloys aminyene noma ukwenza ukusikeka okujulile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-CNC, kwandise ukudweba kwamanje ngemoto. Lo ndalo ophakeme wamanje wakha ukushisa ngokweqile kuma-windings, ukufakwa kwehlisa amandla futhi kwandise amathuba emibuthano emifushane. Isibonelo, i-motor ekalwe ngo-5 KW ingaba nempatho uma icindezelwa ngokungaguquki ukuphatha imithwalo esindayo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezingu-insulation kanye namaphutha kagesi.

Izilungiselelo ze-VFD ezingalungile

Ukushayela okujwayelekile okuguquguqukayo (VFDS) kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukulawula ijubane le-spindle motor ne-torque. Kodwa-ke, ama-VFD alungiselelwe ngokungalungile angaletha ama-voltage ngokweqile noma ama-spikes wamanje, agcizelela izingxenye zikagesi ze-motor. Isibonelo, izilungiselelo ezisheshayo zokusheshisa noma izilungiselelo ezingafanele ze-voltage zingenza izinguquko ze-transsurent ezilimazayo noma zishise umoya, okuholela emibukeni emifushane. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwama-VFD ngokucaciswa kwezimoto kubalulekile ukuvikela lezi zinkinga.

Imijikelezo ejwayelekile yokumisa

Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okusheshayo kwemoto, okujwayelekile kwizicelo ezidinga ushintsho lwamathuluzi olujwayelekile noma ukusebenza kwezikhathi ezithile, kwakha imijikelezo yesikhashana ekhipha ukufakwa kanye ne-wiring. Lezi zindlela, noma ama-inrus curnts, dala ama-spikes wesikhashana ekushiseni nasekucindezelweni ngugesi, anciphise izinto zemoto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imijikelezo ephindaphindwayo ingaholela kumonakalo oqongelelayo, yandisa ingozi yemibuthano emifushane.

Izimo ze-Overcurment zibangela ukufudumeza ngokweqile kuma-windings, asheshisa ukonakaliswa kokufakwa futhi kwakha izindlela zokujikeleza ezimfushane. Ezimweni ezinzima, le moto ingazwa ngokushesha noma ukuvala ngokushesha, kudinga ukulungiswa okubizayo. Ukuqapha ukudweba kwamanje kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto isebenza ngaphakathi kwamandla ayo alinganiselwe yizindlela zokuvimbela ezibalulekile.

3. Ukungcoliswa kanye nomswakama

Izici zezemvelo, njengothuli, umswakama, noma amakhemikhali, zingangena ezindlini zezimoto futhi ziyekethe ubuqotho bayo kagesi, okuholela emibukeni emifushane. Lokhu kungcola kudale izindlela ezingalawuleki zokuphamba noma ukungcola okulimazayo, okukhulayo amaphutha. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

Umswakama unglession

Umswakama ophezulu, ukuvuza okupholile, noma ukuvezwa kwamanzi ezindaweni zezimboni kungaletha umswakama emotweni. Amanzi anciphisa ukumelana nokufakelwa komoya kanye nama-terminals, adala izindlela zokumelana okuphansi ezithuthukisa umjikelezo omfushane. Isibonelo, imoto esebenza efektri enomswakama noma eduze kohlelo olupholile ingahle iqongelela umswakama ngaphakathi kwezindlu zayo, okuholela emaphutheni kagesi. Ukuvalwa kokubekwa kahle kokubekwa kahle nokulinganiswa kwe-IP (isib. I-IP55 noma ngaphezulu) kubalulekile ukuvikela ngokumelene no-Ingress.

Uthuli kanye nemfucumfucu

Izinhlayiya eziqhutshwayo, njengokuthathwa kwensimbi noma uthuli lwekhabhoni, kunganqwabelana ngaphakathi kwemoto, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinjengezitolo zomshini noma izindawo zensimbi. Lezi zinhlayiya zingavala oxhumana nabo kagesi, benze izindlela zamanje ezingalawulwa eziholela emibukeni emifushane. Isibonelo, uthuli lwensimbi luxazulula izintambo kungadala ukuxabana phakathi kwezindawo ezihambisanayo, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwemoto. Izinhlelo zokuhlanza njalo zokuhlanza zomoya zingasiza ekunciphiseni le ngozi.

Amafutha noma Opholile

Uketshezi njengamafutha noma opholile, uvame ukukhona ezindaweni zokumama machina, angakwazi ukumboza umoya noma ama-terminals, anciphise ukusebenza kwe-incontation. Lezi zinto zingenza namakhemikhali we-cemercally fields, abenze bathambekele ngokwengeziwe. Isibonelo, i-splash epholile emshinini we-CNC ingangena ezindlini zemoto, yehlise ukumelana kwezimoto kanye nokwenyuka kwezingozi ezifushane zesekethe. Ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa uphawu okufanele nokugcina indawo ehlanzekile kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa koketshezi.

Ukungcola kusheshisa amaphutha kagesi, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezivaleke kahle noma ezingenakuvinjwa. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo, njengokuhlunga kothuli nokufakwa okuvaliwe, kubalulekile ukuze ulondoloze ubuqotho bukagesi.

4. Ukucindezela Kwemishini Nokudlidliza

Izinkinga ezenziwa ngomshini ezinhlelweni zezimoto ze-spindle zingafaka isandla ngokungaqondile emibuthanweni emifushane ngokulimaza izingxenye zikagesi. Lezi zingcindezi ziyekethisa ubuqotho bomzimba wama-windings, ukufakwa, noma ukuxhumana, ukudala izimo zamaphutha kagesi. Abanikeli ababalulekile bafaka:

Ukudlidliza

Ama-Beldings agugile, ama-pullec angenakulinganiswa, noma izingxenye ezingalinganisiwe akhiqiza ukudlidliza okukhulula ukuxhumeka kukagesi noma ukuqhekeka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kudlidliza kubangela ukuguquguquka komoya ukuguqula noma ukugcoba komunye nomunye, kugqoke phansi ukufakwa nokudalula indawo evuthayo. Isibonelo, i-motor enokwehluleka ingadlidliza ngokweqile, ibangele ukulimala okuncane ekufakweni kwama-windings aso, okuholela emibukeni emifushane.

Ukulimala ngokomzimba

Ukusingathwa okungafanele ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, njengokuphonsa imoto noma ukusebenzisa amandla amakhulu, kungalimaza izintambo, ama-terminals, noma ukufakwa. Imithelela yangaphandle, njengokushayisana ngezinto ezisindayo, nakho kungalimaza nezinto zezimoto, kudalule indawo evuthayo. Lokhu kulimazeka ngokomzimba kwakha ubungozi obukhulisa ubungozi bemibuthano emifushane ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ukwehluleka

I-Faud noma i-Belding Beronings yandisa ingcindezi yemishini e-rotor kanye ne-stator, okubangela ukuzulazula ngokweqile noma ukudlidliza ngokweqile. Lokhu kunyakaza kungagqoka ukufakwa noma ukudala izintambo ukuthi kuhlangane, kuholele emibuthanweni emifushane. Ukwehluleka ukuthwala kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zejubane eliphezulu, lapho ngisho nezinkinga ezincane zenziwa khona.

Izingcindezi ezisebenza ngomshini zenza buthaka izingxenye zikagesi zemoto, kwakha izindlela zemibuthano emifushane nokudala ukuziphatha okungalungile, njengokugawulwa kwamandla noma ukuqina kwezimoto. Ukulungiswa njalo kwezakhi zemishini nokuqapha ukudlidliza kungasiza ukuvikela lezi zinkinga.

5. Ukuxhumeka ngogesi okumpofu

Okuxekethile, okuhlangenwe nakho, noma okunephutha ukuxhumeka kagesi emotweni noma kohlelo lwayo lokulawula kungadala amaphuzu amelana nokuvuselelwa okuholela ekushayweni noma emibukeni emifushane. Lolu hlelo lokuxhumana luphazamisa ukugeleza okujwayelekile kwamanje, okwandisa ubungozi beziphambeko zikagesi. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka:

Ama-terminals axegayo

Ukudlidliza kusuka ekusebenzeni kwezimoto noma ukufakwa okungafanele kungakhulula ukuxhumana okubulalayo, okubangela ukuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuhlinzwa kwamanje. Lokhu kugaywa kwakhipha ukushisa nokuphonsa, okungalimaza ukufakwa noma ukudala amasekethe amafushane. Isibonelo, i-terminal evulekile yesifunda esiphakeme ingahle iphinde i-arc, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamaphutha ancibilikayo kanye namaphutha kagesi.

Ukugqwala

Ukuchayeka umswakama, amakhemikhali, noma izimo ezinomswakama kungalungisa ama-terminals kanye nezixhumi, kunciphisa ukuhambisa kwazo futhi kudale amaphuzu amelana nezwe. I-Corrosion nayo ingakwazi ukwethula izindlela ezisebenzayo phakathi kwama-terminals, yandisa ingozi yemibuthano emifushane. Isibonelo, imoto endaweni esogwini enomswakama ophezulu ingathola ukugqwala okubulalayo, okuholela emaphutheni kagesi.

I-Wiring enephutha

I-wiring eyonakalisiwe noma engaphansi kohlelo lwemoto noma yokulawula ingakhuphula ukumelana kagesi, okwenza ukuba kwakhiwe ukushisa nokucindezela. Isibonelo, izintambo ezithambile noma izintambo ezingaphansi zingenza ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusebenza, zinciphise ukufakwa futhi zithuthukise amasekethe amafushane. Imikhuba efanelekile ye-wiring kanye nokuhlola okujwayelekile kubalulekile ukuvikela lezi zinkinga.

Ukuxhumeka ngogesi okungekuhle kwakha izindlela zamanje zamanje, okuholela ekushayweni, ekushiseni ngokweqile, kanye nemibuthano emifushane engalimaza ukusebenza kwezimoto nokumisa ukusebenza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okuvikelekile, okungekho emthethweni ngokufakwa ngokufakwa okufanele nokulungisa ukuthembeka kohlelo.

Ngokuqonda lokhu kubangela okubangelwa - ukulayishwa ngokweqile kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile, ukungcoliswa kanye nomswakama, ukucindezela kwemishini kanye nokudlidliza, futhi abasebenza ngokushayela abampofu, kanye nabathengisi abampofu bakwazi ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukufakwa kwezimoto okufanele, ukulawulwa kwezemvelo, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezinto ezisebenza ngogesi kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yemibuthano emifushane, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-spindle motor futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.

Izimpawu zemibuthano emifushane kagesi eSpindle Motors

Ukuthola imibuthano emifushane kagesi ezinhlanganweni zeSpindle Motor kusenesikhathi ekuvinjezelwe ukulimala okukhulu, ukulungiswa okubizayo, nokuphumula okungahlelwanga. Imibuthano emifushane yenzeka lapho indlela engahlosiwe yokumelana ephansi ivumela i-wap yamanje yokugeleza, iphazamisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile futhi kungenzeka kube nokuhluleka kwenhlekelele. Ukubona izimpawu zokuxwayisa kunika opharetha ukuthi bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha, ukunciphisa izingozi nokugcina ukuthembeka kohlelo. Ngezansi, sichaza izinkomba ezibalulekile zemibuthano emifushane ezinhlelweni zezimoto ze-spindle, zichaza izimbangela nemiphumela yazo ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukungenelela ngesikhathi.

1. Abaphuke amasiko e-Fress

Enye yezimpawu ezisheshayo futhi ezibonakalayo zesifunda esifushane yi-tripping evamile yokuqhekeka kwabaphuluki bemisilinga noma ukushaya kwamafutha ohlelweni lukagesi lwe-motor. Lawa madivaysi okuvikela aklanyelwe ukuphazamisa amandla lapho ukugeleza okwedlulele kwamanje, njengoba kwenzeka ngesikhathi somjikelezo esifushane. Isifunda esifushane sakha indlela yokumelana ephansi, okwenza ukuba kwakhiwe kwangaphambi kwamanje okudlula imikhawulo evamile yokusebenza. Isibonelo, i-motor ekalwe ngama-amps ayi-10 ingahle idwebe kakhulu okwamanje ngesikhathi esifushane, isimangalisi esiphukile noma i-fuse ukuvikela uhlelo ekushiseni ngokweqile noma ngomlilo. Ngenkathi le ndlela ivimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe, ama-fus aphindaphindwayo noma ashaywayo akhombisa iphutha elikagesi elidinga ukuphenya ngokushesha. Ama-opharetha kufanele ahlole ukuwohloka kokufakwa, ukuxhumana okuxekethile, noma ukungcoliswa ngaphakathi kwemoto ukukhomba imbangela futhi uvikele ukuphindeka.

2. Iphunga elivuthayo noma i-discoloration

Iphunga elivuthayo elivuthayo noma ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zezinto ezinjengezimoto ezinjengezinsimbi ezimnyama, ama-terminals, noma ukufakwa okusobala - kuwuphawu olucacile lwesifunda esifushane. Lezi zimpawu zivela ekushiseni ngokweqile okukhiqizwe ngokuqhuma noma ukugeleza kwamanje okungalawulwa ngendlela yokumelana ephansi. Isibonelo, lapho ukufakwa kwehluleka futhi izintambo zithintana, umjikelezo omifushane ophumela uveza ukushisa okwenziwe kwasendaweni okungashisa noma kuncibilike izinto eziseduze. Lokhu kungabonakala njengephunga elishisiwe, elifana nepulasitiki elivuthayo noma irabha, noma njenge-chring ebonakalayo noma emnyama emabhulokini e-motor noma emabhulokini esibulalayo. Lezi zibonakaliso zikhombisa ukucindezelwa kagesi okunzima nokuphoqelela okungaba khona, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezimoto okuphelele uma kungabhekwanga ngokushesha. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo nokulungisa kubalulekile ukuvikela ukulimala okwengeziwe noma izingozi zokuphepha, njengomlilo kagesi.

3. Ukusebenza kwemoto elungile

Imibuthano emifushane iphazamisa ukugeleza kukagesi okujwayelekile ngaphakathi kwemoto, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungahambelani nokungalindelekile. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokusebenza kwezimoto ezijwayelekile zifaka:

I-RPM engazelelwe yehla noma yehla

Umjikelezo omfushane ungadala ukulethwa kwamandla okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, okuholela ekuguquguqukeni okungalindelekile ngesivinini esikhulu. Isibonelo, umshini we-CNC ungathola amaconsi angazelelwe ku-RPM ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukuyekethisa ukucacisa okunembayo nokukhiqiza izingxenye ezinephutha.

Okukhipha i-torque

Ukugeleza okungahambelani kwamanje kungaholela eTorque exakile, okwenza ukuthi i-spindle ilwe nokugcina amandla aqinile. Lokhu kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi kwizicelo ezidinga ukulawulwa kwe-torque eqondile, njengokugaya noma ukumba, lapho ukungazinzi kungaholela ekuqedeni okungalingani noma kwe-chatter yamathuluzi.

Izitebele zemoto ezingalindelekile

Umjikelezo onzima onzima ungadala ukuthi imoto igcwale ngokushesha, njengoba iphutha likagesi liphazamisa amandla kumoya. Lokhu kungamisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla ukusetha kabusha noma ukulungisa uhlelo.

Lezi zingqinamba zokusebenza zithinta kakhulu ukunemba, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembile okuphezulu njengemishini ye-CNC, okuholela ezingxenyeni ezingenaphutha, imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokusebenza kabusha okubizayo. Ama-opharetha kufanele aqaphe isimilo sezimoto eduze futhi aphenye noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle njengezimpawu ezingaba khona zesifunda esifushane.

4. Izinhlansi noma ukuqeda

Ukuba khona kwezikhala ezibonakalayo noma ukuqhamuka ngogesi eduze nemoto noma i-frequency drive yayo yokuguquguquka (VFD) kuwuphawu olunzima futhi olungenakuqhathaniswa kwesifunda esifushane. Ukuqhuma kwenzeka lapho kugxuma kwamanje igebe phakathi kwamaqhubu adalulwe, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokufakwa kwehlulekile noma ukuxhumana okukhululekile. Isibonelo, i-wiring elonakalisiwe noma ukulimala okuwonakalisiwe ngaphakathi emotweni kungavumela okwamanje ukuthi kube namanje ku-arc phakathi kwama-windings noma ama-terminals, akhiqiza izinhlansi ezikhanyayo noma izikhala. Le nto iyingozi kakhulu, njengoba ibonisa amaphutha aphezulu kagesi futhi ibeka engcupheni yoMlilo noma ukulimala okwengeziwe kwe-motor nezakhi ezizungezile. Ukuqhuma kungavela futhi ohlelweni lwe-VFD noma lokulawula uma imibuthano emifushane isakazeka ngokujikeleza kukagesi. Ukuvalwa okusheshayo nokuhlolwa okuphelele kuyadingeka ukukhomba nokulungisa iphutha, kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabasebenzi nemishini.

Imiphumela nezinyathelo ezilandelayo

Lezi zibonakaliso ezazikhohla noma ama-fuse, iphunga elivuthayo noma i-discoloration, ukusebenza kwezimoto ezingenangqondo, kanye nokuqhuma kwezikhala noma ukuqeda amafulegi abucayi afuna ukunakwa ngokushesha. Ukungazinaki kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwemoto eyinhlekelele, imililo kagesi, noma isikhathi esiphakeme sokuphumula, ikakhulukazi ezilungiselelweni zezimboni lapho ama-spindle motors ahlanganiswa khona ukukhiqizwa. Ukubhekana nalezi zimpawu, ama-opharetha kufanele:

Yenza ukuhlolwa okusheshayo

Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga afana ne-multimeter noma abahloli bokumelana kokufakelwa ukuze bahlole imibuthano emifushane, bagxile kuma-windings, ama-terminals, kanye nokuxhumeka.

Vala uhlelo

Uma izinhlansi, ukuqeda, noma iphunga elivuthayo liyatholakala, likhipha imoto ngokushesha ukuvikela ukulimala okwengeziwe noma izingozi zokuphepha.

Bandakanya ochwepheshe abafanelekayo

Amaphutha kagesi adinga ubuchwepheshe ukuthola nokulungisa, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinjenge-spindle motors.

Buyekeza izimo zokusebenza

Hlola ukuthi ukugcwala ngokweqile, izilungiselelo ezingafanele ze-VFD, noma izici zezemvelo ezifana nomswakama noma ukungcoliswa okuhambisana nomjikelezo omfushane.

Ngokuhlala uphaphame ngalezi zibonakaliso futhi uphendule ngokushesha, abahlinzeki bangavimbela amaphutha kagesi amancane ekukhuphukeni abe ukwehluleka okukhulu. Ukulungiswa okujwayelekile, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokufakwa, izilawuli zezemvelo, nokusebenza kahle kwezimoto, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ubungozi bezindawo ezimfushane kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo zezimoto ze-spindle.

Imiphumela Yemibuthano Emfishane Kagesi

Imibuthano emifushane kagesi eSpindle Motor Systems iyimpikiswano enkulu engaholela emiphumeleni ebalulekile yokusebenza, yezezimali kanye neyokusebenza. Lawa maphutha aphazamisa ukugeleza kukagesi okujwayelekile, okubangela amanje ngokweqile ukugeleza ezindleleni ezingahlosiwe, ezingalimaza izingxenye, ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi. Ukuqonda imithelela emide yokujikeleza emifushane kubalulekile ekubekeni ukubeka phambili izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nokuqinisekisa ukwethenjwa kwezinhlelo ze-spindle motor. Ngezansi, sinemiphumela emihlanu yemibuthano emifushane kagesi, siqokomisa imiphumela yazo kwimishini, ekusebenzeni, nasekusebenzeni kohlelo lonke.

1. Ukushisa ngokweqile

Isifunda esifushane sakha indlela yokumelana ephansi evumela ukuthi yamanje evunyelwa ngokweqile ukugeleza ngezintambo zemoto nezinto, kukhiqiza ukushisa okubalulekile. Lokhu kushisa ngokweqile kungaba nemiphumela eminingana elimazayo:

Ukonakaliswa kokufakelwa

Ukuvikelwa okukhulu kusheshisa ukwehla kwezinto zokufakwa kwezinto zokufakelwa emoyeni, kubangele ukuba ziqhekeze, zincibilike, noma zilahlekelwe yimibuso yazo ye-dielectric. Lokhu kukhulisa umjikelezo omfushane, kwakha loop impendulo yomonakalo owandayo. Isibonelo, imoto esebenza emazingeni okushisa idlula umkhawulo wayo olinganiselwe (isib., 60 ° C noma 140 ° F) ingahle ibone ukwehluleka okufundwayo okusheshayo, okuholela emaphutheni kagesi aphezulu.

Ukugqoka

Ukushisa ngokweqile kungadalula izithako zokuthayipha, okwandayo ukungqubuzana nokugqoka. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni ukwehluleka, okwenza ukucindezela kwemishini nokudlidliza okuqhubeka nokuyekethisa ukusebenza kwemoto.

Ukwehluleka kwemoto

Ukushisa ngokweqile kungadala ukwehluleka okuyinhlekelele kwemoto, efana nomoya oshisiwe noma izingxenye ezithathiwe, ukunikela ngemoto kungasebenzi. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu impilo yemoto futhi kudinga ukulungiswa okubizayo noma okunye.

Ukushisa ngokweqile ngenxa yokujikeleza okufushane akugcini ngokulimaza imoto kepha kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi kubeka izingozi zokuphepha, njengokuthola imililo kagesi, ukungenelela kusenesikhathi nokungenelela kusenesikhathi.

2. Ukulimala Kwezakhi

Ukugeleza okwedlulele okubangelwa umjikelezo omfushane kungalimaza ukulimala okukhulu ezingxenyeni zikagesi ze-motor kanye nemishini, okuholela ekubizeni okubizayo noma ukushintshwa. Imithelela ebalulekile ifaka:

Umoya olimele

Imibuthano emifushane ivame ukushiswa noma incibilikisa umoya we-motor, njengoba kukhiqizwa ukushisa okungalawulwa kwasendaweni. Lo monakalo ungahumusha umoya ongaphumeleli, edinga ukubuyela emuva noma ukushintshwa kwemoto okugcwele.

Ukwehluleka kokufakwa

Ukuvikelwa kokufakelwa komoya kanye ne-wiring kusengozini kakhulu emibuthanweni emifushane, njengoba ukushisa nokuphonsa kwayo kuqeda izakhiwo zayo zokuvikela. Lapho ukufakwa kwehluleka, imoto ibanjwe ngamaphutha aphindaphindwayo.

Ukulimala kwengxenye ye-vfd

I-Frequency Frequency Drives (VFFS), elawula isivinini semoto ne-torque, nayo ingathinta imibuthano emifushane. I-SPIKERS yedlulele yamanje noma yamandla kagesi ingalimaza izingxenye ze-vfd, njengokudluliswa kwama-transistors noma ama-capacitors, okuholela ekubizeni okubiza kakhulu noma okunye. Isibonelo, umjikelezo omfushane emotweni angasakazeka emuva kwi-VFD, ebangela amaphutha kagesi abanzi.

Ukuvuka kabusha okugcwele kwemoto

Ezimweni ezinzima, ukulimala okuqongelelayo kusuka kumjikelezo omfishane kungadinga ukwakhiwa kabusha kwemoto ephelele, okubandakanya ukufakwa esikhundleni komoya, ukufakwa nezinye izinto ezithintekile. Le yinqubo edla isikhathi futhi ebizayo, inomthelela omkhulu kwizabelomali zokusebenza.

Umthwalo wezezimali womonakalo wengxenye ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvimbela amasekethe amafushane ngokulungiswa njalo kanye nokusebenza kohlelo olufanele.

3. Isikhathi sokungalindelekile

Umjikelezo omfishane ungamisa kancane ukusebenza kwezimoto, okuholela ekuphumeni kwesikhathi esilindelekile esithi uphazamisa amasheduli okukhiqiza futhi kwandise izindleko zokusebenza. Imithelela ifaka:

Ukubambezeleka Kwemikhiqizo

Lapho i-spindle motor yehluleka ngenxa yesekethe umjikelezo emfushane, imigqa yokukhiqiza, njengaleyo esemashini e-CNC noma ezokukhiqiza, iza endaweni yokuma. Lokhu kungaholela ekudeyimeni okuphuthelwe, kubambezele ukudiliva, namakhasimende angenelisekile.

Ukulungiswa Okuphuthumayo

Ukubhekana nesifunda esifushane kuvame ukudinga ukungenelela ngokushesha kochwepheshe abanamakhono, okungabandakanya izingxenye zokubuyiselwa imali, ukubuyisela emuva imoto, noma ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ze-VFD ezilimele. Lokhu kulungiswa okuphuthumayo kuyabiza futhi kudla isikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma izingxenye ezisele zingatholakali kalula.

Izindleko ezandisiwe

I-DowTime ayigcini nje ngokufaka izindleko eziqondile zokulungisa kodwa futhi nezindleko ezingaqondile, njengokukhiqiza okulahlekile, isikhathi esengeziwe sabasebenzi, kanye nezinhlawulo ezingaba yizinhlawulo zama-oda abambezeli. Ezimbonini ezisebenzisa kakhulu, ngisho namahora ambalwa wesikhathi sokuphumula kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezezimali okubalulekile.

Ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kudinga izindlela ezisebenzayo, njengokuhlola okujwayelekile kanye nokugcina ukusungulwa kwezingxenye ezibucayi zokuphumula, ukuqinisekisa ukululama okusheshayo kusuka kumaphutha kagesi.

4. Okunciphise ukunemba

Imibuthano emifushane ibangela ukulethwa kwamandla okungahambisani ne-spindle motor, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungalungile okubeka engcupheni ngokunemba, ikakhulukazi kwizicelo ezidinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Imiphumela ifaka:

Ukusebenza kwe-spindle erratic

Umjikelezo omfushane ungadala amaconsi noma agxume ngokuzumayo ku-RPM, okukhipha ama-torque angazinzi, noma izitebele zezimoto ezingalindelekile. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuphazamisa amandla we-spindle okugcina isivinini esiguqukayo namandla, kubucayi imisebenzi eqondile efana nemishini ye-CNC noma yokugaya.

Ukusikeka okungalungile

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengomakhenizinge we-CNC, ukusebenza kwezimoto ezingenaphutha kuthola ukusikeka okungalungile, indawo engalingani, noma ukuphambuka kusuka ezindleleni zethuluzi ezihlelwe. Lokhu kuholela ezingxenyeni ezingenaphutha ezihluleka ukufeza ukubekezelelana noma ukucaciswa, kudinga umsebenzi noma ukusakazeka.

Kuphela amandla ampofu

Ukusebenza kwe-spindle ongaseki kungadala ama-chatter e-TOOL noma amaphethini wokusika okungajwayelekile, okuholela ekuqedeni okungahambelani noma okungahambelani komhlaba. Lokhu kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezinjenge-aerospace noma ezenzakalelayo zokukhiqiza, lapho ukuqedwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kubalulekile.

Ukungcola Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo

Izingxenye ezingenaphutha nezinto zokwenziwa ezisokile ngenxa yokuncipha kwezindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nezinsizakusebenza zemfucumfucu, ezithinta inzuzo ezengeziwe.

Ukucaciswa okuncishisiwe kungathinta kuphela ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kepha kulimaza nedumela lokusebenza okuthembela ekuphumeni okungaguquki, okuphezulu okuphezulu, okwenza ukuvikela umjikelezo okufushane kube okubaluleke kakhulu.

Imiphumela ebanzi nokuncishiswa

Imiphumela yemibuthano efushane kagesi - ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukulimala kwengxenye, isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindele, kanye nokunciphisa ukucacisa - ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuvimbela okusebenzayo kanye nokutholwa kusenesikhathi. Lezi zinkinga zingahle zibambe, ziholele ekuhluphekeni okubanzi, ukuphazamiseka kokukhiqizwa okuhlala isikhathi eside, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ehlehlisiwe, konke okusebenza kahle nokusebenza. Ukunciphisa le miphumela, opharetha kufanele:

Thuthukisa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile

Sebenzisa amathuluzi afana nabahloli bokumelana nokungena kokufakelwa kokucabanga okushisayo ukuthola izimpawu zokuqala zamaphutha kagesi, njengokufaka okungcolile noma izingxenye zokushisa ngokweqile.

Qinisekisa ukufakwa kwezimoto okufanele

Sebenzisa ama-motors ngaphakathi kwamanani awo alinganiselwe ukugwema ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye nezimo ezingaphezulu eziholela kwimibuthano emifushane.

Sebenzisa Izilawuli Zemvelo

Sebenzisa ukufakwa okuvalwe okuvaliwe, amasistimu wokuhlunga womoya, kanye nomoya omncane wokufaka umoya wokuvikela ama-motors kusuka kumswakama, uthuli kanye nokungcola kwamakhemikhali.

Gcina izingxenye zemishini

Hlola njalo bese ubeka esikhundleni sokugqoka, alinganise ama-pulleys, kanye nokuxhumeka okuphephile ukunciphisa ukucindezela kwemishini nokudlidliza.

Ochwepheshe bezitimela

Qinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bezokulondolozwa baqeqeshelwe ukukhomba nokubhekana namaphutha kagesi ngokushesha nangokufanele.

Ngokubhekana nezimbangela zezingqinamba ezimfushane futhi uhlale uphapheme ngezibonakaliso zabo, abahlinzeki banganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yale miphumela. Indlela esebenzayo yokulungiswa, ehlanganiswe nokusebenza kohlelo olufanele nokulawulwa kwemvelo, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-spindle motor, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, ukunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa, nokugcina umphumela osezingeni eliphakeme kwizicelo ezibucayi.

Imikhuba emihle yokuvimbela amasekethe amafushane kagesi

Ukuvimbela umjikelezo omfishane kagesi ezinhlanganweni ze-spindle motor kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethenjwa okusebenzayo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, nokugcina okuphumayo okuphezulu. Imibuthano emifushane, ebangelwa yizinto ezifana nokuwohloka kokufakwa, ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukungcoliswa, ukucindezela kwemishini, nokuxhunyaniswa okungalungile, kungaholela ekulimaleni ngokweqile, nokulimala kwengxenye. Ngokusebenzisa ukugcinwa okusebenzayo, ukusetha okufanele, kanye nokulawulwa okusebenzayo kwemvelo, abahlinzeki banganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bamasekethe amafushane futhi bathuthukise uhlelo olude. Ngezansi, sichaza izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela amasekethe kagesi amafushane, ukuhlinzeka ngamasu anemininingwane yokuvikela amasistimu wezimoto we-spindle.

1. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kukagesi

Ukuhlolwa kukagesi okujwayelekile kubalulekile ekuboneni izingqinamba ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zikhuphuke zibe yimibuthano emifushane. Amasheke ajwayelekile asiza ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zokugqoka, ukugqwala, noma ukuxhumana okuxekethile okungabeka phansi ubuqotho bukagesi be-motor. Izenzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

Hlola izintambo nama-terminals

Hlola i-motor wiring, amabhlogo esibulalayo, nokuxhumeka kwezimpawu zokufafaza, ukugqwala, noma ukukhulula ngenxa yokudlidliza noma ukunwetshwa okushisayo. Ukuxhumeka okuxekethile noma okulimele kungadala amaphuzu amelana aphezulu aholela ekushayweni noma emibukeni emifushane.

Bheka ama-drives frequency drives (VFDs)

Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-VFD asebenza kahle futhi angenazimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, ukugqoka kwengxenye, noma amaphutha kagesi. Hlola i-VFD Wiring nezilungiselelo zokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokucaciswa kwezimoto.

Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga

Sebenzisa ama-multimeter ukukala i-voltage kanye nokuqina kwamanje, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ekalwe yimoto. Abahloli bokumelana nokufakelwa (ama-megohmmeters) nabo bangasetshenziswa ukuhlola isimo se-windings futhi bathole ukucekelwa phansi kokuqala. Eqhuba lezi zivivinyo njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6, noma ngokususelwa emahoreni okusebenza, kusiza ukubamba izindaba kusenesikhathi futhi zivimbela ukwehluleka okungalindelekile.

Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kunika amandla opharetha ukubhekana namaphutha amancane kagesi ngaphambi kokuba bahole emibuthanweni emifushane, baqinisekise ukusebenza kwemoto okungaguquki kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.

2. Isondlo esifanele sokufakwa kokufakwa

Ukufakelwa kwezimoto ngezimoto kanye ne-wiring kubalulekile ukuvikela othintana naye kagesi ongahlosiwe kanye nemibuthano emifushane. Ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kokufakelwa kuqinisekisa ubuqotho bayo futhi kuvikeleke ekulweni nokonakaliswa. Imikhuba ebalulekile ifaka:

Qapha isimo sokufakwa

Sebenzisa ama-Megohmmmeters ukuze ahlole ukumelana ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokujwayelekile okuhloswe ngamanani angenhla 1 Megohm ukuze afake ubunjalo. Ukufundwa kokumelana okuphansi kukhombisa ukonakala, ukusayina isidingo sokulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.

Faka esikhundleni sokufakelwa okulimele

Uma ukuhlolwa kuveze ukufakwa okuqhekekile, okuncibilikisiwe, noma okucekeziwe noma okuvuthiwe - kuvame ukubangelwa ukucindezelwa okushisayo noma ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali - buyisela kabusha izingxenye ezithintekile ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ukwenza kabusha imoto kungadingeka uma uWindings ukhombisa ukuwohloka okubalulekile kokufakwa.

Vikela ngokumelene nomonakalo wezemvelo

Sebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-motor okuvaliwe (isib. I-IP55 noma ngaphezulu) ukuvikela izintambo zomoya kusuka kumswakama, okupholile, noma uwoyela ongakhipha ukufakwa. Ezindaweni ezivezwa kakhulu ngamakhemikhali, njengezitolo zomshini, qiniseka ukuthi ama-motors alinganiselwe ukumelana kwamakhemikhali noma asebenzise izimbambo zokuvikela ezingxenyeni eziveziwe.

Hlela ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile

Faka ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwamashejuli wokulungiswa okujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ama-motors asebenza ezimweni eziphakeme noma eziphakeme umswakama, ukuthola ukonakala ngaphambi kokuholela emibuthanweni emifushane.

Isondlo esifanele sokufakelwa kokufakwayo sigcina ubuqotho bakagesi be-motor, ukuvimbela amaphutha angaphazamisa imisebenzi noma izingxenye zomonakalo.

3. Ukulawula izimo zokusebenza

Ukusebenza kwama-spindle motors ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yazo kagesi eklanyelwe ugesi neyamakhekhe kubalulekile ukuvikela amasekethe amafushane abangelwa ukulayisha ngokweqile noma ukugcwala ngokweqile. Ukuphathwa okufanele kwezimo zokusebenza kunciphisa ukucindezelwa kukagesi futhi kuvikele izingxenye zohlelo. Izenzo ezibalulekile zifaka:

Gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile

Qondanisa imithwalo yomsebenzi we-motor Isibonelo, gwema ukusebenzisa imoto okulinganiswe nge-5 KW ngemisebenzi esindayo enjengemisebenzi emikhulu njengokusika ama-alloys aminyene, ngoba lokhu kungangezelela ngokweqile i-windings kanye nokufakelwa. Bheka imininingwane yemoto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imisebenzi yomsebenzi ifanelekile.

Lungiselela ama-VFDs kahle

Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-drives ashushisiwe ahlukahlukene ahlelwe nge-voltage efanele, imvamisa, kanye nokusheshisa izilungiselelo zemoto. Izilungiselelo ze-VFD ezingalungile zingaletha ama-voltage spikes noma ngaphezulu, okuholele ekulimazeni kokufakwa kanye nemibuthano emifushane. Buyekeza njalo futhi ulinganise amapharamitha we-VFD ukuvumelanisa nezincomo zomkhiqizi.

Khawulela imijikelezo yokuma

Nciphisa imijikelezo yokuma ejwayelekile, ekhiqiza imijikelezo yesikhashana egcizelela ukufakwa kanye ne-wiring. Ngezicelo ezidinga ukusebenza kwezikhathi ezithile, cabanga ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuqala noma ama-VFD anezici zokulinganisa zokunciphisa ama-inrush current kanye nohlobo lukagesi.

Ngokulawula izimo zokusebenza, opharetha bangavimbela ukucindezelwa ngokweqile kukagesi, behlisa ubungozi bezindawo ezimfushane futhi bandise isikhathi sokuphila kwemoto.

4. Gcina indawo ehlanzekile

Ukungcola kwezemvelo, njengothuli, umswakama, noma opholile, kungangena ngezinhlelo zezimoto futhi kudale izimo zemibuthano emifushane ngokunciphisa ukumelana nokufakelwa kogesi. Ukugcina indawo yokusebenza ehlanzekile kubalulekile ekuvikeleni izingxenye zezimoto. Imikhuba ebalulekile ifaka:

Sebenzisa abaqoqi bethuli nezihlungi

Faka amasistimu wokuqoqa uthuli noma izihlungi zomoya ezindaweni ezithambekele kwizinhlayiya zomoya, ezinjengezindawo zensimbi noma ezisebenza ngokhuni. Lezi zinhlelo zehlisa ukunqwabelana kwezingubo zokudla, njengokuthathwa kwensimbi, okungadala imibuthano emifushane ngokubopha othintana nabo.

Sebenzisa okufakiwe okuvaliwe

Sebenzisa izilinganiso ezifanele zokuvikelwa kwe-Ingress Protection (IP) Ngomswakama ophakeme noma ezindaweni ezimanzi, qinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa okufakiwe kuvalwe ngokuqinile futhi kuvame ukuhlolwa ubuqotho.

Lawula izimo zezulu

Gcina amazinga aguqukayo okushisa namazinga omswakama usebenzisa ama-dehidifiers anjenge-dehumidifiers noma isimo somoya, ukunciphisa ukonakaliswa okuhlobene nokufakwa komswakama. Isibonelo, ukugcina umswakama ngaphansi kwama-60% kunganciphisa ubungozi bemibuthano emifushane yomanzi.

Amaphrothokholi wokuhlanza njalo

Sungula amashejuli wokuhlanza ajwayelekile ukuze ususe uthuli, uwoyela, noma opholile kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme zezimoto nezindawo ezizungezile. Sebenzisa ama-ejenti wokuhlanza okungawonakele futhi uvikele ukufafaza okuqondile koketshezi ezingxenyeni zezimoto ukuvimbela ukulimala ngengozi.

Imvelo ehlanzekile inciphisa ubungozi bokungcola - okubangelwa amasekethe amafushane, kulondolozwa ukusebenza kukagesi kanye nokwethenjwa.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwengxenye okuhleliwe

Ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwezinto ezibucayi bezimoto, ezinjengezintambo zomoya, amabhera kanye nokuxhunywa ngogesi, kusiza ukubona izingozi ezifungethekile ngaphambi kokuba zibangele ukwehluleka. Amathuluzi okuxilonga anika amandla ukutholwa kusenesikhathi okungaholela emaphutheni kagesi. Imikhuba ebalulekile ifaka:

Ukuhlola Windongs

Sebenzisa abahloli bokumelana kokufakwa ukuqapha isimo sama-motor windings, uhlole izimpawu zokuwohloka noma ukumelana okuphansi okungakhombisa amasekethe amafushane azayo. Yenza lezi zivivinyo ngezikhathi ezithile, ezinjengezinyanga eziyi-6, noma ngemuva kwezinguquko ezibalulekile zokusebenza.

Ukuqapha amabhele

Sebenzisa ama-vibration analyzers ukuthola ukuthwala ukugqoka noma ukungalingani, okungadala ukucindezela kwemishini futhi kuholele ekulimaleni kokufakwa noma ukuxhumana okuxekethile. Faka esikhundleni sokugqoka okugqokwa ngokushesha ukuvikela ukudlidliza okubangela ukujikeleza okufushane.

Hlola ukuxhumana

Bheka ama-terminals kagesi nezixhumi zokukhulula, ukugqwala, noma amamaki wokuphonsa usebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kanye nama-multimeters. Qinisekisa ukuxhumeka okuxekethile bese ubeka kabusha izingxenye ezi-corloded ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuzinzile kwamanje.

Sebenzisa ukucabanga okushisayo

Sebenzisa amakhamera we-Thermal Ukufanekisela ukucabanga ukukhomba izindawo ezishisayo emotweni, i-VFD, noma i-wiring, ezingakhombisa amaphuzu amelana kakhulu noma izimo ezisezingeni eliphansi. Ukuskena okujwayelekile kwe-thermal kungabamba izingqinamba ngaphambi kokuba zikhule.

Ukuhlolwa kwengxenye okuhleliwe kuvumela abahlinzeki ekubhekeni ubungozi obuhle kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto isebenza ngokuthembekile futhi inciphisa ubungozi beziphambeko zikagesi.

Izinzuzo eziphelele kanye nokuqalisa ukusebenza

Ngokusebenzisa lezi zindlela ezingcono kakhulu zikagesi - ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kukagesi, izimo ezisebenzayo ezilawulwa, izimo ezihlanzekile, kanye nokuhlolwa okuhleliwe okuhlanzekile, opharetha abahleliwe bangakha isu eliqinile lokuvimbela amasekethe kagesi afushane ezinhlelweni ze-spindle motor. Lezi zinyathelo zibhekana nezimbangela zemibuthano emifushane, njengokuwohloka kokufakelwa, ukulayisha ngokweqile, ukungcoliswa, kanye nokucindezela kwemishini, ngenkathi kuqhakaza ukuthembeka kwesistimu yesikhathi eside. Izinzuzo zifaka isikhathi sokuphumula esincishisiwe, izindleko zokulungisa okuphansi, isikhathi sokuphila esengeziwe, kanye nokunemba okungaguquki kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengezimashini ze-CNC.

Ukubeka le mikhuba isenzo, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Hlakulela uhlelo lokulungiswa : Dala uhlelo olunemininingwane yokuhlola, ukuhlola, nokuhlanza, okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwemoto kanye nezimo zemvelo.

imali ngamathuluzi okuxilongaTshala

Izitimela Izisebenzi : Qinisekisa ukuthi ochwepheshe baqeqeshelwe ukucushwa okufanele kwe-VFD, ukuhlolwa kokufakwa, kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo ukuvikela amaphutha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.

Gcina izingxenye ezisele : Gcina uhlu lwezakhi ezibucayi, njengokufaka esikhundleni somoya, amabhere nezimpawu, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.

Gada izimo zemvelo : Sebenzisa izinzwa ukulandelela umswakama, izinga lokushisa, kanye namazinga othuli, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto isebenza ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu.

Ngokuhlanganisa le mikhuba emihle kakhulu emisebenzini ejwayelekile, abahlinzeki banganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bemibuthano emifushane kagesi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwe-spindle motor luhambisa ukusebenza okuthembekile, okuphumayo okuphezulu ngenkathi kusebenza ukusebenza okubizayo.

Ukugcina

Imibuthano emifushane kagesi ezinhlanganweni zezimoto zeSpindle imele usongo oluthule kodwa olungaba yingozi olungaphazamisa imisebenzi, lulimaze izingxenye ezibucayi, kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza. Iqhutshwa yizinto ezifana nokuwohloka kokufakelwa, ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye nokungcola okuphezulu, ukungcoliswa kanye nomswakama, ukucindezela kwemishini kanye nokudlidliza, nalawa maphutha angakhuphuka ngokushesha uma kushiywa kungahleliwe. Imiphumela - ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukulimala kwengxenye, isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindele, futhi ukunciphisa ukucacisa - kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezezimali okubalulekile, ukubambezeleka kokukhiqiza, ikakhulukazi izimboni eziqhutshwa yimishini enjengezimashini ezinjengezimashini ze-CNC. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqonda izimbangela zezingqinamba ezimfushane futhi uhlale uphaphama izimpawu eziyisisekelo, ezinjengeziphunga izifunda, iphunga elivuthayo, ukusebenza kwezimoto ezivuthayo, ama-opharetha angathatha isenzo esisheshayo ukuze anciphise ubungozi.

Ukusebenzisa isu eliphelele lokuvimbela kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-spindle motor. Imikhuba emihle kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kukagesi, ukulungiswa okufanelekile kokufakwa, izimo zokusebenza ezilawulwayo, ukugcina imvelo ehlanzekile, nokuhlolwa kwengxenye okuhleliwe, bhekisa izimbangela eziyisisekelo zemibuthano emifushane futhi usize ukugcina ubuqotho bohlelo. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kusetshenziswa amathuluzi anjenge-megohmmeters kanye nokucabanga okushisayo kungabamba izingqinamba kusenesikhathi, ngenkathi ukumiswa kahle kwe-VFD kanye nokuphathwa kwemithwalo kuvimbela ukulayisha ngokweqile. Izilawuli zezemvelo, njengokufakwa okuvalwe okuvaliwe kanye nokuhlunga kothuli, ukuvikela ekungcoleni, nokugcinwa okusebenzayo kwemithwalo kanye nokuxhuma kunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwemishini. Lezi zinyathelo azivimbi nje kuphela amasekethe amafushane kodwa futhi zinwebe isikhathi sokuphila zemoto, zinciphise izindleko zokulungisa, futhi ziqinisekise okutholakalayo, okuphumayo okuphezulu.

Cabanga ngesistimu kagesi kagesi ye-Spindle motor njengendlela yokuphila ebalulekile yokusebenza kwakho: njengoba nje ungagcina ngokucophelela ucezu olubucayi lwengqalasizinda, izindlela zokunakekelwa ngenkuthalo zibalulekile ukuvikela ukwehluleka nokwandisa ukusebenza. Ngokuphambuka kokuphamba, ukunemba, kanye nokulungiswa okujwayelekile, ama-opharetha angavikela amasistimu awo we-spindle motor ngokumelene nemiphumela emifushane kagesi, eqinisekisa umkhiqizo ongaphazanyiswa, ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside, nokuthembela kwesikhathi eside kuzicelo ezifunwa kakhulu.

Amazolumbo

Imibuthano emifushane kagesi ezinhlanganweni ze-spindle motor ingadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu, kepha ukuqonda ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani futhi ukubhekana nakho kungagcina isikhathi, imali, kanye nezinsizakusebenza. Ngezansi, siphendula imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana nemibuthano emifushane eSpindle Motors, sinikeza isiqondiso esisebenzayo sokusiza abahlinzeki balondoloze ukuthembeka kohlelo futhi banciphise ubungozi.

Q1: Kufanele ngihlole kangaki uhlelo lwe-spindle motor kagesi?
Izinhlelo zikagesi kagesi ze-spindle motor kufanele zihlolwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingama-3-6 noma ngemuva kwamahora okusebenza angama-500-1,000, kuya ngokuqina kokusetshenziswa kwezimoto nemihlahlandlela yomenzi. Izicelo ezifunwa kakhulu, njengemishini eqhubekayo ye-CNC, zingadinga amasheke ajwayelekile, ngenkathi izinhlelo ezilula zomsebenzi zingalandela uhlelo oluncane olunzulu. Ukuhlola kufanele kufake phakathi ukubheka izintambo, ama-terminals, kanye nokushayela okujwayelekile okuguquguqukayo (VFDS) ukuthola izimpawu zokugqoka, ukugqwala, noma ukuxhumana okuxekethile, kanye nokuhlola ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-informmeter nge-megohmmeter. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kusiza ukubona izingqinamba ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi, kuvinjeze amasekethe amafushane kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki.

Q2: Isifunda esifushane singalungiswa ngaphandle kokubuyisela imoto?
Yebo, izingqinamba ezincane zesekethe ezimfushane, njengokuxhumana okuxekethile, ama-terminals aceliwe, noma ukuwohloka kokufakwa kwesigaba sokuqala, kuvame ukulungiswa ngaphandle kokubuyisela yonke imoto. Isibonelo, ukuqinisa ama-terminals axegayo, ukugcwala okuhlanzayo, noma ukufaka esikhundleni i-wiring elimele kungaxazulula inkinga. Ezimweni zomonakalo owenziwe endaweni yokufakelwa kwasendaweni, ukuhlela kabusha izingxenye ezithile ze-motor windings zingabuyisela ukusebenza. Kodwa-ke, ukulimala okukhulu, okufana nokuvutha komoya okushisiwe noma ukwehluleka okubanzi kokufakelwa, kungadinga ukwakhiwa kabusha okugcwele kwemoto noma okunye esikhundleni, njengoba ukulungiswa kungabizi noma kuthembekile. Ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afana ne-multimeter noma izifanekiselo ze-thermal kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe ukulungiswa kungenzeka yini.

Q3: Yini ithuluzi elingcono kakhulu lokuthola amasekethe amafushane?
Amathuluzi amaningi wokuxilonga asebenza kahle ekutholeni imibuthano emifushane, kepha amabili abona ukuthembeka kwawo:

I-Megohmmmeter : Leli thuluzi lilinganisa ukumelana nokufakelwa kwezimoto kanye ne-wiring, ukukhomba ukonakala noma ukumelana okuphansi okungaholela emibukeni emifushane. Ukufundwa ngezansi kwe-1 Megohm ngokuvamile kukhombisa izingqinamba ezingaba khona ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

I-Thermal imager : Amakhamera we-Thermal Ukucabanga athola izindawo ezishisayo emotweni, i-VFD, noma i-wiring, ezingakhombisa amaphuzu amelana aphezulu, aqhume, noma izimo ezisezingeni eliphansi. Izindawo ezishisayo zivame ukuzandulela ukulimala okubonakalayo, okwenza ukucabanga okushisayo kulungele ukutholwa kusenesikhathi.

Ukuhlanganisa la mathuluzi ngokuhlola okubukwayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-multimeter for voltage kanye nokuqina kwamanje kunikeza indlela ebanzi yokuthola ubungozi obufushane bokuthola ubungozi obufushane ngaphambi kokuba bakhule.

Q4: Ngabe izinto ezemvelo zibangela imibuthano emifushane?
Yebo, izici zezemvelo zinomthelela omkhulu kwimibuthano emifushane ngokuyekethisa ubuqotho bukagesi be-motor. Umswakama ovela kumswakama ophezulu noma ukuvuza okupholile kunciphisa ukumelana kokufakelwa, ukudala izindlela zokumelana okuphansi zokugeleza kwamanje. Ukuqhutshwa kothuli, njengokusheshisa kwensimbi ezindaweni zemisebenzi, kungavimba oxhumana nabo ngogesi, kubangele izindlela zamanje ezingalawulwa. Amakhemikhali, njengamafutha noma ama-ejenti wokuhlanza, angakhipha ukufakwa, adalule izintambo nokwenyuka kwezingozi ezifushane zesekethe. Isibonelo, i-motor efektri enomswakama noma eduze kohlelo olupholile ingathola ukuwohloka kwemibandela uma kungeke kuvalwe kahle. Ukunciphisa lezi zingozi, sebenzisa ukufakwa okulinganiswe kwe-IP (isib. I-IP55 noma ngaphezulu), faka izihlungi zothuli, futhi ulondoloze indawo ehlanzekile, elawulwa ukumodelela ukuvikela imoto ekungcolisweni.

Q5: Ingabe izikhonkwane eziqondile zokushayela zithambekele ezindabeni zikagesi?
Izinhlelo ze-Direct-Drive Spindles, eziqeda amabhande ngokuhlangana ngokuqondile le moto ku-spindle, kunganciphisa izingcindezi ezithile zemishini ezifaka isandla ezindabeni zikagesi, njengokulimala kokufakelwa kokufakelwa. Kodwa-ke, azivikelekile engcupheni emfushane. Ama-motors aqondile asabhekene nezinselelo ezifana nokuwohloka kokufakelwa, ukulayisha ngokweqile, ukungcoliswa, kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene ne-VFD, ezinjengezilungiselelo ze-voltage noma ama-voltage spikes noma izilungiselelo ezingafanele. Isibonelo, umswakama noma i-Ingress yothuli isengahlanza ukufakwa kwezinhlelo ezinhlelweni eziqondile, kanye nokucushwa okungalungile kwe-VFD kungadala amaphutha aphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izikrini eziqondile-drive-drive zidinga ukuphaphama okufanayo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kokufakwa, kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo, ukuvikela ukusebenza okufushane kukagesi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile.

Lawa ma-FAQ ahlinzeka ngokuqonda okungasebenziseka ukusiza abahlinzeki bavikele futhi babhekane namasekethe amafushane kagesi ezinhlelo ze-spindle motor. Ngokufaka ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ukulungiswa okufanele, kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo emisebenzini ejwayelekile, unganciphisa ubungozi bezindawo ezimfushane, ukuvikela imishini ebalulekile, futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okungaguquki ezicelo ezifunwayo.